The effect on vital signs of concomitant administration of nicardipine and dexmedetomidine sedation after spinal anesthesia: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: We evaluated heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) trends when nicardipine (NCD) was co-administered during dexmedetomidine (DEX) sedation after spinal anesthesia.

Methods: Sixty patients aged 19 to 65 were randomly assigned to the DEX or DEX-NCD groups. Five minutes after infusion of the loading dose of DEX, the NCD was administered intravenously at a rate of 5 μg/kg for 5 minutes in the DEX-NCD group.

Comparison of the Incidence of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury Following the Administration of Remimazolam or Sevoflurane in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: We evaluated the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and complications when remimazolam (RMMZ) or sevoflurane (SEVO) were used in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Seventy-eight participants aged ≥65 were randomly allocated to either the RMMZ or SEVO group. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI on postoperative day (POD) 2.