Molecular characterization of Pseudomyxoma peritonei with single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), a rare condition characterized by mucinous ascites in the peritoneal cavity, often leads to a poor prognosis. However, omics profiling of this disease remains significantly underexplored. Here, we present single-cell transcriptomic profiling of five PMP cases to identify cell type-specific gene features associated with PMP pathogenesis.

The Effect of Polynucleotide-Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel in the Recovery After Mechanical Skin Barrier Disruption.

Background: The epidermal barrier acts as a defense against external agents as well as helps to maintain body homeostasis. Polynucleotides (PN), exogenous DNA fragments, promote wound repair through their stimulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Recent findings indicate a synergistic effect of PN and hyaluronic acid (HA) combinations in regulating inflammation and promoting cell proliferation.

CILP2 is a potential biomarker for the prediction and therapeutic target of peritoneal metastases in colorectal cancer.

Peritoneal metastases (PM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with a dismal prognosis. Identifying and exploiting new biomarkers, signatures, and molecular targets for personalised interventions in the treatment of PM in CRC is imperative. We conducted transcriptomic profiling using RNA-seq data generated from the primary tissues of 19 CRC patients with PM.

Reduced expression of alanyl aminopeptidase is a robust biomarker of non-familial adenomatous polyposis and non-hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome early-onset colorectal cancer.

Background: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been increasing in incidence worldwide but its genomic pathogenesis is mostly undetermined. This study aimed to identify robust EOCRC-specific gene expression patterns in non-familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and non-hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC) EOCRC.

Method: We first performed gene expression profiling analysis using RNA sequencing of discovery cohort comprised of 49 EOCRC (age <50) and 50 late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC) (age >70) specimens.

Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Korean colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of diagnosed cancer in the world and has the second-highest mortality rate. Meanwhile, South Korea has the second-highest incidence rate for CRC in the world.

Objective: To assess the possible influence of ethnicity on the molecular profile of colorectal cancer, we compared genomic and transcriptomic features of South Korean CRCs with European CRCs.

Clinically Applicable Serum Biomarkers Among 14 Candidates Associated With Recurrence of Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: We evaluated the predictive value of candidate serum biomarkers for recurrence in stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC) after curative surgery.

Patients And Methods: A total of 33 and 120 patients with CRC with or without recurrence at 5 years after curative surgery were included in the training set and the validation set, respectively. Possible serum biomarkers were examined for associations with CRC recurrence using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis.

Evaluation of the significance of pseudomyxoma peritonei patients based on the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) classification.

Background: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease characterized by mucinous ascites and deposits on the peritoneal surfaces. The study aimed to assess PMP patients according to the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) classification, as a part of standardization of this rare disease.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed PMP patients who underwent surgery between January 2007 and December 2017.

Analysis of genomic pathogenesis according to the revised Bethesda guidelines and additional criteria.

Purpose: As few genotype-phenotype correlations are available for nonsyndromic hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC), we implemented genomic analysis on the basis of the revised Bethesda guideline (RBG) and extended (12 items) to verify possible subtypes.

Methods: Patients with sporadic CRC (n = 249) were enrolled, stratified according to the revised Bethesda guidelines (RBG+ and RBG- groups) plus additional criteria. Exome/transcriptome analyses (n = 98) and cell-based functional assays were conducted.

A prognostic index based on an eleven gene signature to predict systemic recurrences in colorectal cancer.

Approximately half of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients experience disease recurrence and metastasis, and these individuals frequently fail to respond to treatment due to their clinical and biological diversity. Here, we aimed to identify a prognostic signature consisting of a small gene group for precisely predicting CRC heterogeneity. We performed transcriptomic profiling using RNA-seq data generated from the primary tissue samples of 130 CRC patients.

Biological Characteristics and Clinical Significance of ITGB1 and RHOC in Patients With Recurrent Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Its poor prognosis can be ascribed primarily to high recurrence rates. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to identify novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for management of CRC.

Clinical assessment and identification of immuno-oncology markers concerning the 19-gene based risk classifier in stage IV colorectal cancer.

Background: Genomic profiling of tumors has contributed to the understanding of colorectal cancer (CRC), facilitating diagnosis, prognosis and selection of treatments, including targeted regimens. A report suggested that a 19-gene-based risk classifier (TCA19) was a prognostic tool for patients with stage III CRC. The survival outcomes in patients with stage IV CRC are still poor and appropriate selection of targeted therapies and immunotherapies is challenging.

Opposite functions of GSN and OAS2 on colorectal cancer metastasis, mediating perineural and lymphovascular invasion, respectively.

The present study aimed to identify molecules associated with lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) and to examine their biological behavior in colorectal cancer (CRC). LVI- and PNI-associated molecules were identified and verified using sequential processes including (1) identification of 117 recurrence-associated genes differentially expressed on RNA-seq analysis using primary cancer tissues from 130 CRC patients with and without systemic recurrence; (2) analysis of molecules associated with LVI and PNI; (3) assessment of biological properties by measuring proliferation, anoikis, invasion/migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy flux; and (4) verification of disease-free survival using public datasets. Gelsolin (GSN) and 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2) were associated with PNI and LVI, respectively.

PSMB8 as a Candidate Marker of Responsiveness to Preoperative Radiation Therapy in Rectal Cancer Patients.

Purpose: The ability to predict individual responsiveness to cancer therapy is urgently needed. This is particularly true for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) because a large proportion are resistant to preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT). In this study, we sought to identify markers that could predict response by comparing the gene expression profiles of the tumors of patients who received preoperative CRT.

Inhibition of never in mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase-4 reduces survivin expression and sensitizes cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cell death.

The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) preferentially induces apoptosis in cancer cells. However, many tumors are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, and resistance mechanisms are not fully understood. To identify novel regulatory molecules of TRAIL resistance, we screened a siRNA library targeting the human kinome, and NEK4 (NIMA-related kinase-4) was identified.

Complex Behavior of ALDH1A1 and IGFBP1 in Liver Metastasis from a Colorectal Cancer.

Using our data set (GSE50760) previously established by RNA sequencing, the present study aimed to identify upregulated genes associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis (CLM) and verify their biological behavior. The potential roles of candidate genes in tumors were assessed using cell proliferation and invasion assays. Tissue samples were collected from 18 CRC patients with synchronous CLM and two CRC cell lines (SW480 and SW620) were used for transfection and cloning.

ZKSCAN3 Facilitates Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Associated with CEA-expressing Tumor.

Aim: Zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domain 3 (ZKSCAN3) is overexpressed in invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and regulates the expression of several genes favoring tumor progression, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and integrin β4. We evaluated the association of ZKSCAN3 and colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CLM) to determine whether it is related to invasive signaling pathways.

Materials And Methods: The ratios of expression by primary tumor to normal tissue and metastatic tumor to normal tissue were compared between ZKSCAN3-overexpressing and underexpressing primary tumor groups.

Genome-wide identification of chemosensitive single nucleotide polymorphism markers in gastric cancer.

A chemosensitive single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery schema is presented that utilizes (i) genome-wide SNP screening, with a human SNP array and an in vitro chemosensitivity assay, in 93 patients with gastric cancer (GC), and (ii) biological utility assessment using cell viability assays of transfected GC cells. Cytotoxicity analysis showed that most of the MKN1 and SNU638 clones transfected with the G allele of Deoxyribonuclease II beta (DNASE2B) rs3738573 were more sensitive to docetaxel than those with the C allele (p≤0.001-0.