Hippocampal atrophy is associated with hearing loss in cognitively normal adults.

Objectives: A growing body of evidence suggests that age-related hearing loss (HL) is associated with morphological changes of the cerebral cortex, but the results have been drawn from a small amount of data in most studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between HL and gray matter volume (GMV) in a large number of subjects, strictly controlling for an extensive set of possible biases.

Methods: Medical records of 576 subjects who underwent pure tone audiometry, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the Korean Mini-Mental State Exam (K-MMSE) were reviewed.

Causes and outcomes of revision surgery in subjects with pulsatile tinnitus.

Introduction: Once the underlying pathology has been identified, pulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be treated successfully with surgical or interventional management. However, some patients experience residual or recurrent symptoms following initially successful surgical treatment, and require revision surgery or additional procedures. Here, we report a case series of patients who had undergone revision surgery or interventional treatment, and suggest possible ways of minimizing the need for revision.

Association between Chronic Kidney Disease and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Studies Using ICD-10 Codes in a National Health Screening Cohort.

This study aims to investigate the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) using a population-based cohort study. We used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. Participants were selected based on diagnosis and treatment codes, and CKD participants were 1:4 matched with control participants.

The molecular etiology of deafness and auditory performance in the postlingually deafened cochlear implantees.

Recent advances in molecular genetic testing (MGT) have improved identification of genetic aetiology of candidates for cochlear implantation (CI). However, whether genetic information increases CI outcome predictability in post-lingual deafness remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the outcomes of CI with respect to genetic aetiology and clinical predictors by comparing the data of study subjects; those with an identified genetic aetiology (GD group), and those without identifiable variants (GUD group).

Prognostic value of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle atrophy in computerized tomography scans for unilateral vocal fold paralysis recovery.

Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic value of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle atrophy observed on neck computed tomography (CT) in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis.

Methods: CT images of 87 subjects with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) were evaluated to analyze the PCA muscle atrophy and to measure the severity of the PCA muscle atrophy in semi-quantitative manner. The grading of the PCA muscle atrophy was compared with the recruitment pattern of laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) and restoration of vocal fold movement.

Changes in the Resting-State Cortical Oscillatory Activity 6 Months After Modified Tinnitus Retraining Therapy.

Although tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) based on Jastreboff's classical neurophysiological model is efficacious in most patients, its effects on the cortical activity changes responsible for the improvement of tinnitus are still unclear. In this study, we compared pre- and post-TRT resting-state quantitative electroencephalography (rs-qEEG) findings to identify power changes that could explain TRT-induced improvements. Thirty-seven patients with severe tinnitus were enrolled in the study, and rs-qEEG data recorded before the initial TRT sessions and 6 months after TRT were compared.

"Third Window" and "Single Window" Effects Impede Surgical Success: Analysis of Retrofenestral Otosclerosis Involving the Internal Auditory Canal or Round Window.

Background And Objectives: We aimed to identify prognostic computed tomography (CT) findings in retrofenestral otosclerosis, with particular attention paid to the role of otosclerotic lesion area in predicting post-stapedotomy outcome.

Materials And Methods: We included 17 subjects (23 ears) with retrofenestral otosclerosis who underwent stapedotomy. On preoperative CT, the presence of cavitating lesion and involvement of various subsites (cochlea, round window [RW], vestibule, and semicircular canal) were assessed.

Neurocognition of Aged Patients With Chronic Tinnitus: Focus on Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Objectives: To investigate the neurocognition of aged patients with chronic tinnitus and reveal the possible association between tinnitus severity and cognitive function, with attention to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Fifty-eight elderly patients (≥65 years old) with chronic tinnitus (≥6 months) were prospectively enrolled in this study. All patients assessed the neurocognitive batteries including the Korean version of the patient health questionnaire-9 (K-PHQ-9), the Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale (K-IADL), and the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA-K).

Involvement of the Internal Auditory Canal in Subjects With Cochlear Otosclerosis: A Less Acknowledged Third Window That Affects Surgical Outcome.

Objective: To investigate the effects of cavitating lesions involving the internal auditory canal (IAC) in subjects with cochlear otosclerosis with regard to poststapedotomy hearing outcome.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Receptor Subunit 2B Expression in a Salicylate-Induced Ototoxicity Model.

Objectives: Sodium salicylate (SS) is well known for its ototoxic properties that induce functional and morphological changes in the cochlea and brain. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has been widely used for treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases; however, its effects on salicylate-induced ototoxicity remain unclear. Herein, we examined the effects of EGb 761 (EGb), a standard form of GBE, on the plasticity of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (GluN2B) in the inferior colliculus (IC) following SS administration.

Inflammatory and Immune Proteins in Umbilical Cord Blood: Association with Hearing Screening Test Failure in Preterm Neonates.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether elevated levels of various inflammatory and immune proteins in umbilical cord blood are associated with an increased risk of newborn hearing screening (NHS) test failure in preterm neonates.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 127 premature singleton infants who were born at ≤33.6 weeks.

The Novel Peptide Vaccine GV1001 Protects Hearing in a Kanamycin-induced Ototoxicity Mouse Model.

Hypothesis: We tested whether GV1001 has any ototoxic side effects at different doses and whether it protects hearing in an aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity mouse model.

Background: GV1001, a novel peptide vaccine currently being examined in a Phase 3 clinical trial to treat pancreatic cancer, also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Methods: In the first experiment, C57/BL6 mice were injected with GV1001 preparations at concentrations of 0.

Correlation between olfactory severity ratings based on olfactory function test scores and self-reported severity rating of olfactory loss.

Conclusion: Olfactory test scores are significantly correlated with self-rated severity scales. However, the statistical rating based on olfactory tests did not strongly agree with the self-reported severity rating. This suggests that there is a discrepancy between olfactory test results and the severity described by patients themselves.