Advances and applications in single-cell and spatial genomics.

The applications of single-cell and spatial technologies in recent times have revolutionized the present understanding of cellular states and the cellular heterogeneity inherent in complex biological systems. These advancements offer unprecedented resolution in the examination of the functional genomics of individual cells and their spatial context within tissues. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed the historical development and recent progress in the field of single-cell and spatial genomics.

Discovery of the microbiota-gut-brain axis mechanisms of acupuncture for amnestic mild cognitive impairment based on multi-omics analyses: A pilot study.

Objectives: Acupuncture is a promising therapy for amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Growing evidence suggest that alterations in the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis contribute to the development and progression of aMCI. However, little is known about whether and how acupuncture change the MGB axis of aMCI individuals.

Neuropsychiatric comorbidities and associated factors in 182 Chinese children with tic disorders.

Objective: Tic disorders (TD) often present with associated neuropsychiatric comorbidities. This study aims to examine the clinical manifestations of TD in pediatric patients and explore the spectrum and features of neuropsychiatric comorbidities among Chinese children diagnosed with TD.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on pediatric TD cases newly diagnosed at our institution, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents 5.

Drug delivery systems in periodontitis: A visualization and bibliometric analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate research hotspots and trends in the field of periodontitis and drug delivery systems from the perspective of bibliometrics.

Methods: Publications related to periodontitis and drug delivery systems between 2001 and 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix.

Behavioral Changes During COVID-19 Omicron Variant Infection on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in China.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the behavioral changes in the core features and challenging behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) during the COVID-19 Omicron wave (from December 2022 to January 2023) in China.

Patients And Methods: A total of 515 caregivers of children with ASD completed an online survey. This survey was designed to assess the sociodemographic characteristics of the children and their caregivers, the clinical features of COVID-19, the manifestation of core ASD features and challenging behaviors, and the alterations in daily life following the COVID-19 Omicron variant wave.

Integrative metabolomics and proteomics reveal the effect and mechanism of Zi Qi decoction on alleviating liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a common progressive liver disease that can cause liver dysfunction and lead to serious complications. Zi Qi decoction (ZQ) is a traditional formulation that exerts pharmacological effects on the treatment of liver fibrosis. However, precise intervention mechanisms remain unclear.

ATF5-mediated mitochondrial unfolded protein response protects against Pb-induced mitochondria damage in SH-SY5Y cell.

Mitochondria is the primary target of lead (Pb) in neural cells, and Pb exposure can cause impairment to mitochondrial function and morphology. Recent studies have reported that a conserved cellular stress response, called mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR), is activated in response to mitochondrial dysfunction and protein misfolding and play protective roles in aging and neurodegeneration, but it's unknown whether mtUPR could protect against Pb-induced neurotoxicity. In this study, we found that sublethal level exposure of PbAc (2.

Innovative fabrication of eco-friendly bio-based foam from sugarcane bagasse and sodium alginate with enhanced properties and sustainable applications for plastic replacement.

Foam materials possess notable features, including low density, high porosity, low thermal conductivity, and high impact resistance, making them extensively used in various sectors such as construction, transportation, water treatment, and packaging. However, the majority of commercial foam materials are derived from synthetic polymers based on fossil fuels, which raises concerns regarding health and ecology. In this work, we present a straightforward and scalable approach (physical cross-linking and common pressure drying) for fabricating a bio-based foam material using pulp fibers sourced from discarded sugarcane bagasse and sodium alginate extracted from seaweed.

Structure of G protein-coupled receptor GPR1 bound to full-length chemerin adipokine reveals a chemokine-like reverse binding mode.

Chemerin is an adipokine with chemotactic activity to a subset of leukocytes. Chemerin binds to 3 G protein-coupled receptors, including chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1), and C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2). Here, we report that GPR1 is capable of Gi signaling when stimulated with full-length chemerin or its C-terminal nonapeptide (C9, YFPGQFAFS).

Functional Carbon Springs Enabled Dynamic Tunable Microwave Absorption and Thermal Insulation.

Electromagnetic (EM) wave pollution and thermal damage pose serious hazards to delicate instruments. Functional aerogels offer a promising solution by mitigating EM interference and isolating heat. However, most of these materials struggle to balance thermal protection with microwave absorption (MA) efficiency due to a previously unidentified conflict between the optimizing strategies of the two properties.

Structural basis for ligand recognition of the human hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor HCAR3.

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCAR3), a class A G-protein-coupled receptor, is an important cellular energy metabolism sensor with a key role in the regulation of lipolysis in humans. HCAR3 is deeply involved in many physiological processes and serves as a valuable target for the treatment of metabolic diseases, tumors, and immune diseases. Here, we report four cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human HCAR3-Gi1 complexes with or without agonists: the endogenous ligand 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid, the drug niacin, the highly subtype-specific agonist compound 5c (4-(n-propyl)amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid), and the apo form.

Development and Validation of an Automatic Computerized Neurocognitive Battery in Chinese.

Objectives: Neuropsychological test batteries, which accurately and comprehensively assess cognitive functions, are a crucial approach in the early detection of and interventions for cognitive impairments. However, these tests have yet to gain wide clinical application in China owing to their complexity and time-consuming nature. This study aimed to develop the Computerized Neurocognitive Battery for Chinese-Speaking participants (CNBC), an autorun and autoscoring cognitive assessment tool to provide efficient and accurate cognitive evaluations for Chinese-Speaking individuals.

Genetic testing in pediatric kidney transplant recipients to promote informed choice and improve individualized monitoring.

Background: The growing body of research on kidney disease in children has identified a broad spectrum of genetic etiologies.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of an optimized genetic test and subclinical changes in a real-world context before kidney transplantation. All cases involved recipients under the age of 18 who underwent whole exome sequencing (ES) between 2013 and 2022.

[F-type forceps for assisted reduction in femoral shaft fractures surgery].

Objective: To explore clinical efficacy of F-type forceps for assisted reduction in femoral shaft fracture reduction.

Methods: Forty-five patients with femoral shaft fracture treated with intramedullary nail and internal fixation from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups according to different reduction methods. In observation group, there were 21 patients, included 15 males and 6 females, aged from 27 to 92 years old with an average of (53.

Microstructure Design and Dimensional Engineering of Nanomaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Insulation.

Multifunctional materials integrated with electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA), thermal insulation, and lightweight properties are urgently indispensable for the flourishing advancement of space technology, which can simultaneously prevent electromagnetic detection and resist aerodynamic heating. To achieve excellent synergistic EWA and thermal insulation performance, the elaborate regulate the microstructure and dimension of nanomaterials has emerged as a captivating research direction. However, comprehending the structure-property relationships between microstructure, electromagnetic response, and thermal insulation mechanisms remains a significant challenge.

Low muscle mass is associated with efficacy of biologics in Crohn's disease.

Background: Low muscle mass (LMM) can be a frequent complication in Crohn's disease (CD). We attempted to explore the effect of LMM on the efficacy of biologics in patients with CD.

Methods: The retrospective cohort study included moderate-to-severe CD patients treated with infliximab or ustekinumab, and appendicitis patients as control.

Protective role of TRPM7 knockdown in ulcerative colitis via blocking NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.

Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) has been emerged as a potent drug target for immunomodulation with ion conductance and kinase activities. The research is projected to characterize the influences of TRPM7 on the course of ulcerative colitis (UC) and dissect the latent response mechanisms. The in vivo murine model and in vitro cell model of UC were both stimulated by DSS.

Association of the weight-adjusted waist index with hypertension in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.

Objective: Hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent global health concern. From the standpoint of preventive and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM), early detection of HTN offers a crucial opportunity for targeted prevention and personalized treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and HTN risk.

Plasma proteomic signature of neonates in the context of placental histological chorioamnionitis.

Background: Placental histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is recognised as a significant risk factor for various adverse neonatal outcomes. This study aims to explore if the inflammatory protein levels in neonates were associated with HCA.

Methods: All women with singleton births from February 2020 to November 2022 were selected and divided into three groups based on maternal placental pathology results: the HCA-stage 1 group (n=24), the HCA-stage 2 group (n=16) and the control group (n=17).

Adverse Associations of Long-Term Exposure to PM and Its Components with Platelet Traits among Subway Shift-Workers without Air Purifier Use.

Air purifier use, shift work, and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) are linked to platelet abnormality. However, the role of air purifier use and shift work in the individual or joint associations of PM and its components with platelet indices are largely unknown. A total of 8772 participants were recruited from a population of subway workers in China.

Structural basis for the ligand recognition and G protein subtype selectivity of kisspeptin receptor.

Kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R), belonging to the class A peptide-GPCR family, plays a key role in the regulation of reproductive physiology after stimulation by kisspeptin and is regarded as an attractive drug target for reproductive diseases. Here, we demonstrated that KISS1R can couple to the G pathway besides the well-known G pathway. We further resolved the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of KISS1R-G and KISS1R-G complexes bound to the synthetic agonist TAK448 and structure of KISS1R-G complex bound to the endogenous agonist KP54.