Publications by authors named "Yazhuo Zhang"

Objective: Craniopharyngiomas are rare, benign brain tumors that are primarily treated with surgery. Although the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEEA) has evolved as a more reliable surgical alternative and yields better visual outcomes than traditional craniotomy, postoperative visual deterioration remains one of the most common complications, and relevant risk factors are still poorly defined. Hence, identifying risk factors and developing a predictive model for postoperative visual deterioration is indeed necessary.

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Vibrio anguillarum acts as an infectious agent in the aquaculture industry that causes a fatal hemolytic septicaemic disease in fish and shellfish. Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease seriously impacts the healthy development of the aquaculture industry. While the detrimental effects of V.

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Although craniopharyngiomas are rare benign brain tumors primarily managed by surgery, they are often burdened by a poor prognosis due to tumor recurrence and long-term morbidity. In recent years, BRAF-targeted therapy has been promising, showing potential as an adjuvant or neoadjuvant approach. Therefore, we aim to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of BRAF mutation in craniopharyngiomas.

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Objective: To identify risk factors for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak after extended endoscopic endonasal surgery for craniopharyngiomas and develop a predictive model for predicting postoperative CSF leak.

Methods: Six hundred and sixty cases of craniopharyngioma (training cohort: n = 462; validation cohort: n = 198) were retrospectively reviewed between October 2018 and May 2024, and relevant risk factors were identified. A nomogram was built using a stepwise logistic regression method based on the Akaike information criterion.

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Background: Pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) are common intracranial tumours that are highly heterogeneous with unpredictable growth patterns. The driver genes and mechanisms that are crucial for tumour progression in somatotroph PitNETs are poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we performed integrative spatial transcriptomics (ST) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on somatotroph tumours and normal pituitary samples to comprehensively characterize the differences in cellular characteristics.

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Chordomas are rare malignant tumors that pose significant challenges in terms of effective treatment options. Surgical resection remains the only established approach that has proven useful in the treatment of chordoma. However, recent evidence has shed light on the role of brachyury, also known as the T-gene and TBXT, as both a diagnostic marker and a potential therapeutic target in chordoma.

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Many studies have reported modification in the degree of O damage to photosynthesis by elevated CO and soil N supply. However, the mechanism underlying the modification is unclear. To clarify the important determinants in the degree of O damage to net photosynthetic rate (A) in the leaves of Fagus crenata (Siebold's beech) under elevated CO and with different soil N supply, F.

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Background: Depression and anxiety significantly impact the quality of life in individuals with Cushing's disease (CD), which originates from pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), yet our understanding of the underlying mechanisms is limited. There is substantial evidence linking gut microbes to depression, anxiety, and endocrinology.

Results: The gut bacterial phenotype of patients with Cushing's disease was significantly different from that of the control group, and when the mice were treated with fecal bacteria from these patients, both anxiety- and depression-like behavior were significantly increased.

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Introduction: Urban green space (GS) exposure is recognized as a nature-based strategy for addressing urban challenges. However, the stress relieving effects and mechanisms of GS exposure are yet to be fully explored. The development of machine learning and street view images offers a method for large-scale measurement and precise empirical analysis.

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Article Synopsis
  • The periosteum houses skeletal stem/progenitor cells (P-SSCs) crucial for bone healing, but their exact identity and specific markers are not fully understood.
  • Researchers discovered that the membrane protein Itm2a is enriched in P-SSCs, which show ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types necessary for bone repair.
  • Itm2a+ P-SSCs, found primarily in the outer layer of the periosteum, play a significant role in fracture healing, and the study suggests that targeting Itm2a could lead to advancements in treatments for skeletal conditions.
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The tourism industry is a significant contribution to the economy of many countries, including Pakistan. However, its activities often have a negative impact on the environment, particularly related to climate change. Notably, Pakistan ranks fifth among countries most affected by climate change, which requires a targeted analysis of the tourism sector to determine its potential impacts.

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Objective: The study aimed to identify if clinical features and survival outcomes of insular glioma patients are associated with our classification based on the tumor spread.

Methods: Our study included 283 consecutive patients diagnosed with histological grade 2 and 3 insular gliomas. A new classification was proposed, and tumors restricted to the paralimbic system were defined as type 1.

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Background: The three-dimensional (3D) genome architecture plays a critical role inregulating gene expression. However, the specific alterations in thisarchitecture within somatotroph tumors and their implications for gene expression remain largely unexplored.

Methods: We employed Hi-C and RNA-seq analyses to compare the 3D genomic structures of somatotroph tumors with normal pituitary tissue.

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Aims: A bone-invasive pituitary adenoma exhibits aggressive behavior, leading to a worse prognosis. We have found that TNF-α promotes bone invasion by facilitating the differentiation of osteoclasts, however, before bone-invasive pituitary adenoma invades bone tissue, it needs to penetrate the dura mater, and this mechanism is not yet clear.

Methods: We performed transcriptome microarrays on specimens of bone-invasive pituitary adenomas (BIPAs) and noninvasive pituitary adenomas (NIPAs) and conducted differential expressed gene analysis and enrichment analysis.

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Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is one of the most commonly used antioxidants and is widely used in food, but whether it causes vascular damage has not been clearly studied. The present study demonstrated for the first time that BHA reduced the viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (BEND3) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, BHA inhibited the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs).

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The clinical diagnosis and treatment of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) that invade the cavernous sinus are fraught with difficulties and challenges. Exploring the biological characteristics involved in the occurrence and development of PitNETs that invade the cavernous sinus will help to elucidate the mechanism of cavernous sinus invasion. There are differences between intrasellar tumors (IST) and cavernous sinus-invasion tumors (CST) in ultramicrostructure, tumor microenvironment (TME), gene expression, and signaling pathways.

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Context: Prolactinomas are the most prevalent functional pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), and they are invasive to surrounding anatomic structures. The detailed mechanisms of invasion are not yet clear.

Objective: We explored the role of PBK phosphorylation in the proliferation and invasion of prolactinomas and its possible mechanism.

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Background: The treatment of dopamine agonists (DA) resistant prolactinomas remains a formidable challenge, as the mechanism of resistance is still unclear, and there are currently no viable alternative drug therapies available. This study seeks to investigate the mechanism of DA resistance in prolactinomas and identify new potentially effective drugs.

Methods: To explore the mechanism of DA resistance in prolactinomas, this study conducted transcriptome sequencing analysis on 27 cases of DA-resistant prolactinomas and 10 cases of sensitive prolactinomas.

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Background: Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are one of the most common types of intracranial tumors. Currently, the cellular characteristics of normal pituitary and various other types of PitNETs are still not completely understood.

Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 4 normal samples and 24 PitNET samples for comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.

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We investigated the impact of metformin on ACTH secretion and tumorigenesis in pituitary corticotroph tumors. The mouse pituitary tumor AtT20 cell line was treated with varying concentrations of metformin. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, ACTH secretion was measured using an ELISA kit, changes in the cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry, and the expression of related proteins was evaluated using western blotting.

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The role of the gut microbiome has been widely discussed in numerous works of literature. The biggest concern is the association of the gut microbiome with the central nervous system through the microbiome-brain-gut axis in the past ten years. As more and more research has been done on the relationship between the disease of the central nervous system and gut microbes.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to explore the clinical and pathological factors related to hypothalamus invasion in adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas (ACPs) and their postoperative outcomes after surgical resection using the expanded endonasal approach (EEA).
  • Researchers analyzed 93 ACP specimens, focusing on immunohistochemical markers like TGF-β1 and β-catenin, alongside patient clinical data to find links between these factors.
  • Results revealed that recurrent patients had increased endocrinological dysfunction and lower rates of complete tumor resection, with higher expression levels of TGF-β1 and β-catenin associated with worse outcomes and hypothalamus invasion, highlighting the potential of TGF-β1 as a progn
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