Pulmonary toxicity assessment of tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors in the treatment of IBD: a real world study based on US food and drug administration adverse events reporting system (FAERS).

Background: Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but there is still a lack of systematic risk assessment for pulmonary toxicity.

Methods: We calculated the pulmonary-related risk signals for four TNF-α inhibitors using the disproportionality analysis and also compared them with the pulmonary-related signals of seven other therapies.

Results: There were 8736 reports of pulmonary-related adverse events (AEs) to TNF-α inhibitors as the 'primary suspect (PS)' therapies.

Coagulation dysfunction events associated with echinocandins: a real-world study from FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database.

Background: Echinocandins belong to the fourth generation of antifungals, and there are no systematic studies on their risk in coagulation dysfunction; this study will predict the risk of coagulation dysfunction of echinocandins using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Method: Data from January 2004 to March 2024 were obtained from FAERS. We examined the clinical characteristics of the coagulation dysfunction events and conducted disproportionality analysis by using reporting odds ratios (ROR) to compare echinocandins with the full database.

Vonoprazan-associated infection: an analysis of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report and the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Background: Prolonged or excessive use of acid suppressants may increase the risk of infection (CDI) by altering the intestinal microecosystem. Vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, exhibits a faster and more sustained acid-suppressive effect than proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Therefore, vonoprazan may have a greater impact on the gut microbiota, potentially resulting in CDI.

A disproportionality analysis of adverse events caused by GnRHas from the FAERS and JADER databases.

Background: Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHas) play a significant role in addressing gynecological diseases, central precocious puberty, and cancer. However, ensuring the safety of GnRHas in real-world applications requires continuous vigilance. In light of this, we undertook a disproportionality analysis focused on adverse events (AEs) associated with GnRHas using data from both the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER).

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers vs. Proton Pump Inhibitors for Peptic Ulcer with or without Infection: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Novel potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) have emerged as effective acid-suppressive drugs in recent years, replacing proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of P-CABs versus PPIs in the treatment of peptic ulcers with or without () infection. We searched in PubMed, Embase, WOS, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.

Post-marketing safety concerns with palbociclib: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Objectives: To explore the association between palbociclib and related adverse events (AEs) in the real world through U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Effect of potassium-competitive acid blockers on human gut microbiota: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Vonoprazan has been reported to exert more potent and long-lasting gastric acid inhibition than proton pump inhibitors, potentially leading to a greater impact on the gut microbiota. This study aimed to clarify changes in microbial diversity and bacterial composition after VPZ treatments. We searched from PubMed, Embase, WOS, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and (all years up to May 2023).

Effect of ertugliflozin on renal function and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing yearly. The efficacy of ertugliflozin (ERT), a recently licensed anti-diabetic drug, has been widely reported. However, additional evidence-based data is required to ensure its safety.

Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs on Antibiotic Use and Drug Resistance: Analysis of Data from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals in Hubei Province, China.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) on antibiotic use and drug resistance.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter, management intervention study. The data from 85 maternity hospitals (maternal and child health care hospitals) in Hubei province from 2012 to 2019 were collected.

Ophiopogon Saponin C1 Inhibits Lung Tumors by Stabilizing Endothelium Permeability via Inhibition of PKCδ.

As the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide, lung cancer is closely related to inflammation. The interaction between tumor cells and inflammatory cells promotes tumor development and metastasis. During tumor development, vascular endothelial cells form the most important barrier to prevent tumor cell migration to the blood and tissue.

Advances in the antitumor activities and mechanisms of action of steroidal saponins.

The steroidal saponins are one of the saponin types that exist in an unbound state and have various pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial and nerves-calming properties. Cancer is a growing health problem worldwide. Significant progress has been made to understand the antitumor effects of steroidal saponins in recent years.

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Protects against Ischemic Stroke via Inhibiting Neuronal Apoptosis and PKC/Drp1-Mediated Excessive Mitochondrial Fission.

YiQiFuMai (YQFM) powder injection has been reported to be used in cardiovascular and nervous system diseases with marked efficacy. However, as a treatment against diseases characterized by hypoxia, lassitude, and asthenia, the effects and underlying mechanisms of YQFM in neuronal mitochondrial function and dynamics have not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that YQFM inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis and activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in cerebral ischemia-injured rats, producing a significant improvement in cerebral infarction and neurological score.

DT-13 Ameliorates TNF-α-Induced Vascular Endothelial Hyperpermeability Non-Muscle Myosin IIA and the Src/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

DT-13(25(R,S)-ruscogenin-1[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)][β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-fucopyranoside) has been identified as an important factor in TNF-α-induced vascular inflammation. However, the effect of DT-13 on TNF-α-induced endothelial permeability and the potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Hence, this study was undertaken to elucidate the protective effect of DT-13 on TNF-α-induced endothelial permeability and the underlying mechanisms and .

Allergens in red ginseng extract induce the release of mediators associated with anaphylactoid reactions.

Background: Anaphylactoid reactions induced by preparations containing red ginseng have been reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate the allergenicity and screen potential allergens in red ginseng extract thoroughly.

Methods: Red ginseng extract (RGE) and different fractions of RGE were prepared and evaluated by measuring the degranulation and viability of rat basophilic leukemia 2H3 (RBL-2H3) cells.

The Myosin II Inhibitor, Blebbistatin, Ameliorates FeCl3-induced Arterial Thrombosis via the GSK3β-NF-κB Pathway.

Arterial thrombosis and its related diseases are major healthcare problems worldwide. Blebbistatin is an inhibitor of myosin II, which plays an important role in thrombosis. The aim of our study is to explore the effect and potential mechanism of blebbistatin on arterial thrombosis.

Microbial hydroxylation and glycosylation of pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors on tissue factor procoagulant activity.

To discover new inhibitors on tissue factor procoagulant activity, 20 pentacyclic triterpenes were semi-synthetized through microbial transformation and assayed on the model of human THP-1 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. In the biotransformation two types of reactions were observed, regio-selective hydroxylation and glycosylation. The bioassay results showed that most of tested compounds were significant effective on this model and two of the biotransformation products 23-hydroxy-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl betulinic acid (3d) and 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanic acid (1a) exhibited most potential activities with the IC values of 0.