Atp1a2 and Kcnj9 Are Candidate Genes Underlying Sensitivity to Oxycodone-Induced Locomotor Activation and Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety-Like Behaviors in C57BL/6 Substrains.

Opioid use disorder is heritable, yet its genetic etiology is largely unknown. C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ mouse substrains exhibit phenotypic diversity in the context of limited genetic diversity which together can facilitate genetic discovery. Here, we found C57BL/6NJ mice were less sensitive to oxycodone (OXY)-induced locomotor activation versus C57BL/6J mice in a conditioned place preference paradigm.

Comprehensive Iranian guidelines for the diagnosis and management of maple syrup urine disease: an evidence- and consensus- based approach.

Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) disease is a defect in the function of the Branched-chain 2-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDH). It is caused by pathogenic biallelic variants in BCKDHA, BCKA decarboxylase, or dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. The brain is the major organ involved in MSUD.

Exploring the lived experiences of deep vein thrombosis patients in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative phenomenological study on healthcare challenges, resilience and social support.

Objective: This study aimed to explore and describe the lived psychological and emotional experiences of sufferers of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and to narrate the effect of those experiences on their daily lives.

Design, Setting And Participants: For data collection, a phenomenological qualitative design was used using semistructured, in-depth interviews of patients with DVT aged 18-70 years. Data were transcribed and analysed using the interpretative inductive approach to identify emergent themes.

Retinal neurovascular assessment and choroidal vascularity index in patients with keratoconus.

This study aims to evaluate the macular and the optic nerve head thickness and vascular profiles in KC patients and compare them with two groups of healthy emmetrope and subjects with myopic-astigmatism. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Khatam-Al-Anbia Eye Hospital between 2022 and 2023. Subjects aged 18 to 40 were prone to be included in the study.

Structural Ordering in Ultrasmall Multicomponent Chalcogenides: The Case of Quaternary Cu-Zn-In-Se Nanocrystals.

The compositional tunability of non-isovalent multicomponent chalcogenide thin films and the extent of atomic ordering of their crystal structure is key to the performance of many modern technologies. In contrast, the effects of ordering are rarely studied for quantum-confined materials, such as colloidal nanocrystals. In this paper, the possibilities around composition tunability and atomic ordering are explored in ultrasmall ternary and quaternary quantum dots, taking I-III-VI-group Cu-Zn-In-Se semiconductor as a case study.

Macular choroidal thickness in keratoconus.

Clinical Relevance: Expanding practitioner knowledge regarding potential changes in ocular structure of keratoconic eyes will improve the eye care practice and patient management.

Background: This study aimed to compare the difference in choroidal thickness between keratoconus patients and two control groups of myopic-astigmatism and emmetropic subjects.

Methods: A case-control study was undertaken which included 50 patients with keratoconus, 50 with myopic-astigmatism, 30 with emmetropia aged between 18 and 39 years.

The Influence of Instructional Constraints and Cognitive Control on the Positivity Bias and the Positivity Effect in Autobiographical Memory.

The positivity effect and the positivity bias were examined in voluntary and involuntary autobiographical memories in a sample of younger (= 69, = 23.2) and older adults (= 57, = 67.72).

Virtual Bereavement Support Program in a Children's Hospice Care Center During COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, a pediatric hospice in Ottawa, Ontario, implemented a Virtual Bereavement Group Program, necessitating a reorganization of care delivery during the global crisis. This paper outlines the program and assesses the feedback of families who participated in the program following the death of a child or grandchild. Participants expressed high levels of satisfaction, indicating its potential as an effective approach for pediatric bereavement care beyond the pandemic.

Effect of maternal postnatal balanced energy protein supplementation and infant azithromycin on infant growth outcomes: an open-label randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maternal undernutrition is a direct risk factor for infant growth faltering.

Objectives: We evaluated the effect of postnatal balanced energy protein (BEP) supplementation in lactating women and azithromycin (AZ) in infants on infant growth outcomes.

Methods: A randomized controlled superiority trial of lactating mother-newborn dyads was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan.

and are candidate genes underlying sensitivity to oxycodone-induced locomotor activation and withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behaviors in C57BL/6 substrains.

Opioid use disorder is heritable, yet its genetic etiology is largely unknown. C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ mouse substrains exhibit phenotypic diversity in the context of limited genetic diversity which together can facilitate genetic discovery. Here, we found C57BL/6NJ mice were less sensitive to oxycodone (OXY)-induced locomotor activation versus C57BL/6J mice in a conditioned place preference paradigm.

Unveiling clinical applications of bacterial extracellular vesicles as natural nanomaterials in disease diagnosis and therapeutics.

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are naturally occurring bioactive membrane-bound nanoparticles released by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial species, exhibiting a multifaceted role in mediating host-microbe interactions across various physiological conditions. Increasing evidence supports BEVs as essential mediators of cell-to-cell communicaiton, influencing bacterial pathogenicity, disease mechanisms, and modulating the host immune response. However, the extent to which these BEV-mediated actions can be leveraged to predict disease onset, guide treatment strategies, and determine clinical outcomes remains uncertain, particularly in terms of their clinical translation potentials.

Association of maternal nutritional status and small for gestational age neonates in peri-urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan: findings from the PRISMA study.

Background: Early pregnancy nutritional status can be associated with adverse birth outcomes such as small-for-gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight (LBW). BMI (Body Mass Index) and MUAC (Mid-upper arm circumference) are easy to use assessments and are indicative of the pre-pregnancy nutritional status if obtained in the first trimester. This study primarily assesses the association of maternal nutritional status using BMI and MUAC with SGA in a community-based cohort of Pakistani women.

COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Stress and Subjective Well-Being Across Age: The Mediating Role of Social Resources.

Stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures implemented to prevent its spread dramatically shifted our social networks, interactions, and contexts, all of which influence the assessment of one's subjective well-being (SWB). Drawing on data collected from 1,318 adults between April and May 2020, we used structural equation modeling to analyze the relationship between pandemic-related stress and SWB (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect), and examined how these relationships vary across age. Pandemic-related stress was associated with lower life satisfaction and higher negative affect.

Determination of the radioanatomical factors related to the position of facial nerve in accessing jugular foramen and carotid artery in temporal bone.

Introduction: Preservation of the facial nerve is of great importance in temporal bone surgeries. We intend to investigate the measurements of the radioanatomical factors related to the position of the facial nerve in accessing jugular foramen and internal carotid artery (ICA) in temporal bone of patients who were candidates for temporal high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan.

Methods: In this correlation cross-sectional study, samples were selected from patients referred to Amir Alam Hospital who were previously candidates for temporal HRCT.

Inequalities in emerging adult college students' sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To examine inequalities in sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic by gender, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic position (SEP), and test associations between discrimination and sleep quality in a national longitudinal cohort of emerging adult college students.

Participants: Participants were enrolled in college full-time and were aged 18-22 at baseline.

Methods: Participants completed online surveys in spring 2020 ( = 707) and summer 2021 ( = 313).

Complications and Related Risk Factors of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Neonates: A Historical Cohort Study.

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are an effective method for medication and nutrition infusion in preterm neonates. The present study aimed to identify the incidence of the most common complications of PICC implantation and evaluate the risk factors of each complication.

Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted on 2500 neonates with birth weights (BWs)≥500 g and gestational age (GA)>24 weeks who had a history of PICC inserted in three NICUs between August 2015 and August 2018.

Coupling to octahedral tilts in halide perovskite nanocrystals induces phonon-mediated attractive interactions between excitons.

Understanding the origin of electron-phonon coupling in lead halide perovskites is key to interpreting and leveraging their optical and electronic properties. Here we show that photoexcitation drives a reduction of the lead-halide-lead bond angles, a result of deformation potential coupling to low-energy optical phonons. We accomplish this by performing femtosecond-resolved, optical-pump-electron-diffraction-probe measurements to quantify the lattice reorganization occurring as a result of photoexcitation in nanocrystals of FAPbBr.

Omega-3 Adjunctive Therapy in Idiopathic SSNHL: A Randomised, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss as a subset of sensorineural hearing loss will be confirmed by a progressive hearing loss of at least 30 dB at three contiguous frequencies over 72 hours or less. A sudden or abrupt hearing loss correlates with the time course, and a vascular event is presumptive aetiology. There is an inverse association between Omega-3 consumption and hearing loss.

Cohort profile: the Pregnancy Risk Infant Surveillance and Measurement Alliance (PRISMA) - Pakistan.

Purpose: Pakistan has disproportionately high maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of detailed, population-representative data to provide evidence for risk factors, morbidities and mortality among pregnant women and their newborns. The Pregnancy Risk, Infant Surveillance and Measurement Alliance (PRISMA) is a multicountry open cohort that aims to collect high-dimensional, standardised data across five South Asian and African countries for estimating risk and developing innovative strategies to optimise pregnancy outcomes for mothers and their newborns.

Endothelial glycocalyx sensitivity to chemical and mechanical sub-endothelial substrate properties.

Glycocalyx (GCX) is a carbohydrate-rich structure that coats the surface of endothelial cells (ECs) and lines the blood vessel lumen. Mechanical perturbations in the vascular environment, such as blood vessel stiffness, can be transduced and sent to ECs through mechanosensors such as GCX. Adverse stiffness alters GCX-mediated mechanotransduction and leads to EC dysfunction and eventually atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

Trajectories of sociopolitical stress during the 2020 United States presidential election season: Associations with psychological well-being, civic action, and social identities.

Sociopolitical stress arises in reaction to awareness of, exposure to, and/or involvement in political events. Among a longitudinal cohort of 628 college students from 10 universities across the U.S.

Predictive role of facial nerve palsy improvement in malignant external otitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of different factors on facial nerve palsy improvement in patients with malignant external otitis (MEO) and the predictive role of improvement on MEO.

Methods: Data were collected from all MEO patients with facial paralysis who were hospitalized between 2012 and 2017 at a tertiary referral center. We contacted patients at least 6 months after their admission to evaluate their facial nerve function and survival rate.