Genetic Characterization of the O-Antigen and Development of a Molecular Serotyping Scheme for .

is a well-characterized opportunistic pathogen that is closely associated with various nosocomial infections. The O-antigen, which is one of the most variable constituents on the cell surface, has been used widely and traditionally for serological classification of many gram-negative bacteria. is divided into 30 serotypes, based on its O-antigen diversity.

Asymmetric Synthesis of Rugulotrosin A.

A new approach was developed to construct the tetrahydroxanthone by a Knoevenagel condensation/6π-electronic cyclization/aromatization cascade starting from readily available cyclohexane-1,3-diones and unsaturated aldehydes. This strategy provides a new solution for the preparation of monomeric tetrahydroxanthones bearing different functional groups at C-12. As a synthetic application, the asymmetric formal synthesis of rugulotrosin A was achieved.

Differences of Anteroposterior Pelvic Radiographs Between Supine Position and Standing Position in Patients with Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Objective: To explore the difference in pelvic tilt and hip joint parameters with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) comparing the anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiographs taken in supine and standing positions.

Methods: A prospective study of DDH patients undergoing Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) was conducted. AP pelvic radiographs were taken in supine and standing positions before surgery The pelvic tilt and hip joint parameters from the two radiographs were compared.

The Influence of Pelvic Tilt on the Anteversion Angle of the Acetabular Prosthesis.

The concept of the "safe area" of the acetabular prosthesis has a long history and has been recognized by many scholars. It is generally believed that postoperative hip dislocation rate is low, when the acetabular anteversion angle is placed in the range of 15° ± 10°. Despite this, hip dislocation is a common complication after total hip arthroplasty.

Tanshinone IIA reduces SW837 colorectal cancer cell viability via the promotion of mitochondrial fission by activating JNK-Mff signaling pathways.

Background: Mitochondrial homeostasis has been increasingly viewed as a potential target of cancer therapy, and mitochondrial fission is a novel regulator of mitochondrial function and apoptosis. The aim of our study was to determine the detailed role of mitochondrial fission in SW837 colorectal cancer cell viability, mobility and proliferation. In addition, the current study also investigated the therapeutic impact of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a type of anticancer adjuvant drug, on cancer mitochondrial homeostasis.

Overexpression of microRNA let-7 correlates with disease progression and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The aim of the study was to explore the clinical significance of let-7 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).A PCR array was conducted to screen for let-7 expression in early-stage HCC. Next, the deregulation of let-7 was confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in another set of liver tissues, including normal control (NC), chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC), HCC, and adjacent nontumor (NT) tissues.

Total Synthesis and Structural Determination of the Dimeric Tetrahydroxanthone Ascherxanthone A.

The first total synthesis of the dimeric tetrahydroxanthone ascherxanthone A has been accomplished. This synthetic strategy features (1) enantioselective intramolecular allylic C-H oxidation to construct a core chiral chromane, (2) intramolecular aldol reaction/dehydration to form the enone group, and (3) intermolecular Suzuki-Miyaura coupling to connect two monomeric tetrahydroxanthones. This synthetic work allowed us to determine the axial chirality of the 2,2'-biaryl C-C bond and the absolute configuration of the ascherxanthone A.

The MTHFR C677T mutation is not a risk factor recognized for HBV-related HCC in a population with a high prevalence of this genetic marker.

Background: Polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene can affect disease progression in HBV infection. However, the results from different reports are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the outcome of HBV infection in a Tianjin Han population.

Structure and gene cluster of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O137.

The O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O137 and studied by sugar analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the branched tetrasaccharide repeating unit was established: Formula: see text] Both structure and gene cluster of the E. coli O137 polysaccharide are related to those of the E.

Complete genome sequence of Enterobacter cloacae subsp. cloacae type strain ATCC 13047.

Enterobacter cloacae is an important nosocomial pathogen. Here, we report the completion of the genome sequence of E. cloacae ATCC 13047, the type strain of E.

Molecular detection of all 34 distinct O-antigen forms of Shigella.

Shigella is the cause of shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, the occurrence of which is estimated to be 165 million cases per year worldwide, resulting in 1.1 million deaths. Rapid and reliable assays for detecting and identifying Shigella in food, environmental and clinical samples are therefore necessary.

A group of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica O antigens sharing a common backbone structure.

The O-antigen moiety of the LPS is one of the most variable cell surface components of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane. Variation is due to the presence of different sugars and sugar linkages. Here, it is reported that a group of Escherichia coli O serogroups (O17, O44, O73, O77 and O106), and the Salmonella enterica serogroup O : 6,14 (H), share a common four-sugar backbone O-subunit structure, and possess almost identical O-antigen gene clusters.

DNA microarray-based identification of serogroups and virulence gene patterns of Escherichia coli isolates associated with porcine postweaning diarrhea and edema disease.

Escherichia coli strains causing postweaning diarrhea (PWD) and edema disease (ED) in pigs are limited to a number of serogroups, with O8, O45, O138, O139, O141, O147, O149, and O157 being the most commonly reported worldwide. In this study, a DNA microarray based on the O-antigen-specific genes of all 8 E. coli serogroups, as well as 11 genes encoding adhesion factors and exotoxins associated with PWD and ED, was developed for the identification of related serogroups and virulence gene patterns.

Development of a serotype-specific DNA microarray for identification of some Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia coli strains.

Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia coli are major causes of human infectious diseases and are responsible for millions of cases of diarrhea worldwide every year. A convenient and rapid method to identify highly pathogenic serotypes of Shigella and E. coli is needed for large-scale epidemiologic study, timely clinical diagnosis, and reliable quarantine of the pathogens.

Use of a serotype-specific DNA microarray for identification of group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae).

Group B Streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) is an important cause of sepsis and meningitis. Nine GBS serotypes, based on capsular polysaccharide (CPS) antigens, have been described. Their distribution varies worldwide and needs to be monitored to understand the epidemiology of GBS disease and inform the development of vaccines.

The O-antigen gene cluster of Shigella boydii O11 and functional identification of its wzy gene.

Shigella strains are human pathogens and their identification is usually based on their O-antigens. The O-antigen gene cluster of Shigella boydii O11 was sequenced. All the expected genes for the synthesis of the O-antigen were identified on the basis of homology and genes for the biosynthesis of dTDP-l-Rhamnose, genes encoding sugar transferases, as well as genes encoding O unit flippase (wzx) and O-antigen polymerase (wzy).

Structure of the Shigella dysenteriae 7 O antigen gene cluster and identification of its antigen specific genes.

Shigella strains are human pathogens. The O antigen gene cluster of Shigella dysenteriae O7 was sequenced and analyzed. It contains genes for synthesis of nucleotide sugars including UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galacturonamide, UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galacturonic acid and dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose.