PM 2.5 juvenile exposure-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction by triggering testes ferroptosis and antioxidative vitamins intervention in adult male rats.

PM2.5 derived from automobile exhaust can cause reproductive impairment in adult males, but the toxic effects of PM2.5 exposure on reproductive function in juvenile male rats and its relationship with ferroptosis have not been reported.

Exposure to automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 induces spermatogenesis dysfunction by damaging UPR of prepubertal rats.

Automobile exhaust-derived particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) can cause spermatogenic cell damage, potentially resulting in male infertility.