Strong segregation promotes self-destructive cooperation.

Self-destructive cooperators, which sacrifice themselves for others, challenge traditional group selection theory, as costs often exceed individual benefits. We predict self-destructive cooperators can persist in highly segregated environments where populations are primarily divided into homogenous groups originating from one or two founders. In such contexts, the benefits of self-destructive cooperators remain within homogeneous groups of self-destructive cooperators, preserving the sacrifice value and ensuring its maintenance.

First aid treatment and airway management for chemical burns combined with inhalation injury: A case report.

Chemical burns account for a small percentage of burn patients, and there are even fewer burn patients suffering from chemical burns combined with inhalation injury. As chemical substances corrode the airway, which leads to persistent necrotic shedding of the respiratory mucosa and scarring contracture as the airway heals, a proportion of patients develop airway stenosis, requiring more aggressive treatment or even surgery. A 38-year-old female chemical factory worker sustained an inhalation injury due to exposure to reactive substances (liquid and smoke) during production.

Impact of dust and temperature on photovoltaic panel performance: A model-based approach to determine optimal cleaning frequency.

Enhancing the reliability of photovoltaic (PV) systems is of paramount importance, given their expanding role in sustainable energy production, carbon emissions reduction, and supporting industrial growth. However, PV panels commonly encounter issues that significantly impact their performance. Specifically, the accumulation of dust and the rise in internal temperature lead to a drop in energy production efficiency.

A deep learning system for detecting diabetic retinopathy across the disease spectrum.

Retinal screening contributes to early detection of diabetic retinopathy and timely treatment. To facilitate the screening process, we develop a deep learning system, named DeepDR, that can detect early-to-late stages of diabetic retinopathy. DeepDR is trained for real-time image quality assessment, lesion detection and grading using 466,247 fundus images from 121,342 patients with diabetes.

Domain-invariant interpretable fundus image quality assessment.

Objective and quantitative assessment of fundus image quality is essential for the diagnosis of retinal diseases. The major factors in fundus image quality assessment are image artifact, clarity, and field definition. Unfortunately, most of existing quality assessment methods focus on the quality of overall image, without interpretable quality feedback for real-time adjustment.

IDRiD: Diabetic Retinopathy - Segmentation and Grading Challenge.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the most common cause of avoidable vision loss, predominantly affecting the working-age population across the globe. Screening for DR, coupled with timely consultation and treatment, is a globally trusted policy to avoid vision loss. However, implementation of DR screening programs is challenging due to the scarcity of medical professionals able to screen a growing global diabetic population at risk for DR.

Minimally effective concentration of zoledronic acid to suppress osteoclasts .

Zoledronic acid is regarded as the most potent bisphosphonate and is widely used in patients with osteoporosis; however, its side effects, including acute-phase reactions, gastrointestinal complaints, renal dysfunction and bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis impair the safety and quality of life of patients. The present study was designed to determine the minimal effective concentration of zoledronic acid through testing the dose-dependent effects of zoledronic acid on osteoclast suppression. A primary culture of bone marrow mononuclear cells obtained from C57 mice (age, 6 weeks) was established and induced to form osteoclasts.

Phthalate exposure and high blood pressure in adults: a cross-sectional study in China.

Widespread phthalate exposure has been recently documented and is hypothesized to increase blood pressure (BP) in humans. However, current studies have provided inconclusive evidence for an association between phthalate exposure and BP. Human epidemiologic studies on the topic remain lacking.

[Experimental study on inhibitory effect of zoledronic acid on the action style of the osteoclast].

This study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of zoledronic acid on the activity of osteoclasts, to obtain characteristics on inhibitory effect and to find the lowest effective concentration of zoledronic acid. Marrow cells of C57 mice（6 weeks） were cultured in vitro. Osteoclasts were induced by single nuclear cells.

Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery for left upper lobe: single-direction lobectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy.

A 62-year-old female was admitted to our hospital after computed tomography (CT) revealed a 2.5 cm × 2.1 cm mass in the left upper lobe.

[EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EFFECT OF THREE DIFFERENT OPERATIVE WAYS OF ANNULUS FIBROSUS INCISION ON INTERVERTEBRAL DISC BIOMECHANICAL STRENGTH].

Objective: To discuss the effect of three different ways of annulus fibrosus incision on the biomechanical strength of intervertebral disc.

Methods: A total of 30 goats underwent intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus extraction at L3,4 and 45 by the working channel in group A (n=10), by circular incision in group B (n=10), and by square incision in group C (n=10). The body weight, male and female ratio, age, intraoperative blood loss, and wound healing time were recorded and compared among 3 groups.