Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Majusculamide D: Overcoming Metabolic Instability and Severe Toxicity with a Fluoro Analogue.

Majusculamide D, isolated from the marine cyanobacterium , is an anticancer lipopentapeptide consisting of fatty acid, tripeptide, and pyrrolyl proline moieties. In this work, by utilizing a convergent synthetic approach, late-stage modification, and bioisostere strategy, 26 majusculamide D analogues were synthesized, and two ( and ) demonstrated IC values < 1 nM against PANC-1 cancer cells. The results summarized a preliminary structure-activity relationship mainly at the C23, C4, C34, and C10 sites.

Association between the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index and complications after kidney transplantation: a retrospective observational cohort study.

Background: Complications following kidney transplantation elevate the risks of readmission and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) and postoperative complications among kidney transplant (KT) recipients.

Methods: Between January 2015 and March 2021, a study involving 886 kidney transplant recipients at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University was conducted.

Identification of a Susceptible and High-Risk Population for Postoperative Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Older Adults: Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model.

Background: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a serious postoperative complication among older adult surgical patients that frequently develops into sepsis or even death. Notably, the incidences of SIRS and sepsis steadily increase with age. It is important to identify the risk of postoperative SIRS for older adult patients at a sufficiently early stage, which would allow preemptive individualized enhanced therapy to be conducted to improve the prognosis of older adult patients.

Integrating StEP-COMPAC definition and enhanced recovery after surgery status in a machine-learning-based model for postoperative pulmonary complications in laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) contribute to high mortality rates and impose significant financial burdens. In this study, a machine learning-based prediction model was developed to identify patients at high risk of developing PPCs following laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Methods: Data were collected from 1022 adult patients who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy at two centres between January 2015 and February 2021.

Vitexicarpin suppresses malignant progression of colorectal cancer through affecting c-Myc ubiquitination by targeting IMPDH2.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality and is characterised by extensive invasive and metastatic potential. Previous studies have shown that vitexicarpin extracted from the fruits of Vitex rotundifolia can impede tumour progression. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in CRC treatment are still not fully established.

Real-time analgesic efficacy and factors determining drug requirements of combined spinal-epidural analgesia for labor: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) is effective but not sufficient for labor pain. This study was conducted to assess the real-time analgesic efficacy, side effects of anesthetic drug dosage, and maternal satisfaction in labor to provide reference for the optimization of labor analgesia.

Methods: This was a prospective, cohort, single-center study that included 3020 women who received CSEA for labor analgesia.

A machine learning model to predict spontaneous vaginal delivery failure for term nulliparous women: An observational study.

Objective: This study aims to construct and evaluate a model to predict spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) failure in term nulliparous women based on machine learning algorithms.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, data on nulliparous women without contraindications for vaginal delivery with a singleton pregnancy ≥37 weeks and before the onset of labor from September 2020 to September 2021 were divided into a training set and a temporal validation set. Transperineal ultrasound was performed to collect angle of progression, head-perineum distance, subpubic arch angle, and their levator hiatal dimensions.

Cardiopulmonary Coupling Spectrogram as an Ambulatory Method for Assessing Sleep Disorders in Patients With Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Background And Objectives: Sleep disorders are a common and important clinical feature in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE); however, they are poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate whether cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC), an electrocardiogram-based portable sleep monitoring technology, can be used to assess sleep disorders in patients with AE.

Methods: Patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of AE were age- and sex-matched with recruited healthy control subjects.

Combination of serum markers with optical coherence tomography angiography for evaluating neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, affect the optic nerve and brain. A lumbar puncture to obtain biomarkers is highly invasive. Serum biomarkers and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) are more accessible and less expensive than magnetic resonance imaging and provide reliable, reproducible measures of neuroaxonal damage.

Causal association between genetically predicted circulating immune cell counts and frailty: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Despite the recognized link between immune responses and frailty, the association between immune cell counts and frailty based on previous observational studies remains disputed, with uncertain causal nexus. This study aimed to elucidate causal association between genetically predicted circulating immune cell counts and frailty.

Methods: We conducted the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study with independent genetic variants associated with six immune cell subtype counts from genome-wide association studies in 563,946 European individuals.

Development and validation of machine learning based prediction model for postoperative pain risk after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.

Background: Predicting postoperative pain risk in patients with impacted mandibular third molar extractions is helpful in guiding clinical decision-making, enhancing perioperative pain management, and improving the patients' medical experience. This study aims to develop a prediction model based on machine learning algorithms to identify patients at high risk of postoperative pain after tooth extraction.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study.

Cerebrospinal fluid uric acid levels associated with disease severity in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis.

Introduction: Uric acid (UA) is an important natural antioxidant and strong peroxynitrite scavenger, but little is known about central nervous system (CNS) levels of UA in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE).

Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of UA were determined in 72 patients with anti-NMDARE and 111 controls with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NINDs). Serum UA levels were also evaluated in 132 healthy controls (HCs).

Development and validation of a machine learning model to predict prognosis in HIV-negative cryptococcal meningitis patients: a multicenter study.

Purpose: To predict prognosis in HIV-negative cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients by developing and validating a machine learning (ML) model.

Methods: This study involved 523 HIV-negative CM patients diagnosed between January 1, 1998, and August 31, 2022, by neurologists from 3 tertiary Chinese centers. Prognosis was evaluated at 10 weeks after the initiation of antifungal therapy.

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dots as "on-off-on" fluorescence probes to detect Hg and MnO and improving the photostability of Rhodamine B.

Background: Carbon quantum dot (CQDs) are zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with a size of less than 10 nm CQDs are widely used in the field of ion detection by virtue of their fluorescence characteristics such as strong fluorescence intensity, good optical stability and tunable emission wavelength. Although the traditional atomic absorption method, electrochemical method and other metal ion detection methods are highly sensitive, the operation is complex, expensive and limited by the site. Therefore, we prepared the N, S-CQDs capable of detecting Hg and MnO in water with the advantages of simple operation, low cost, and direct visual signal.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Chloride Is Associated with Disease Activity of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions leads to pathological changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study aimed to investigate the possible association between routine CSF findings, especially CSF chloride, at the time of the first lumbar puncture and the relapse risk and disability progression of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).

Methods: This retrospective study included 77 patients with RRMS at the MS Center of our institution from January 2012 to December 2020.

Development and validation of a patient-specific model to predict postoperative SIRS in older patients: A two-center study.

Introduction: Postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is common in surgical patients especially in older patients, and the geriatric population with SIRS is more susceptible to sepsis, MODS, and even death. We aimed to develop and validate a model for predicting postoperative SIRS in older patients.

Methods: Patients aged ≥65 years who underwent general anesthesia in two centers of Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2015 to September 2020 were included.

Multimorbidity of Allergic Conditions in Urban Citizens of Southern China: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Extensive knowledge of allergic multimorbidities is required to improve the management of allergic diseases with the industrialization of China. However, the demography and allergen distribution patterns of allergic multimorbidities in China remain unclear, despite the increasing prevalence of allergies.

Methods: This was a real-world, cross-sectional study of 1273 outpatients diagnosed with one or more allergic diseases in Guangzhou, the most populated city of southern China, with leading industrial and commercial centers, between April 2021 and March 2022.

Cortical gradient of a human functional similarity network captured by the geometry of cytoarchitectonic organization.

Mapping the functional topology from a multifaceted perspective and relating it to underlying cross-scale structural principles is crucial for understanding the structural-functional relationships of the cerebral cortex. Previous works have described a sensory-association gradient axis in terms of coupling relationships between structure and function, but largely based on single specific feature, and the mesoscopic underpinnings are rarely determined. Here we show a gradient pattern encoded in a functional similarity network based on data from Human Connectome Project and further link it to cytoarchitectonic organizing principles.

Novel highly selective fluorescence sensing strategy for Mercury(Ⅱ) in water based on nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots.

In this work, a fluorescent signal-closing probe of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) was developed for quantitative detection of mercury ions (Hg). In this detection system, the NCQDs with high quantum yield (QY, 63.80 %) were synthesized via simple hydrothermal method with Methyl Glycine Diacetic acid Trisodium Salt (MGDA) and m-phenylenediamine (MPD) as carbon and nitrogen sources.

Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Guangzhou, China: A population-based case-finding prospective study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare in China, and the prevalence previously reported may be biased. Currently, few studies that have investigated the prevalence of MS in China based on the latest diagnostic criteria.

Methods: Through a population-based survey from August 8, 2021 to December 31, 2021, we calculated the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in 18,676,605 residents of Guangzhou, China.

Natural Killer Cells Disrupt Nerve Fibers by Granzyme H in Atheriosclerotic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Natural killer (NK) cells are enriched in the central nervous system in aging-related atheriosclerotic cerebral small vessel disease (aCSVD), but their roles and underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. To identify potential cytotoxic molecules released by NK cells in aCSVD lesions, proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma, and peripheral NK cells from patients with aCSVD were performed. We found that integrin β2 (ITGB2), cathepsin D (CTSD), and granzyme H (GZMH) were highly expressed in NK cells.

Single-particle fluorescence tracking combined with TrackMate assay reveals highly heterogeneous and discontinuous lysosomal transport in freely orientated axons.

Axonal transport plays a significant role in the establishment of neuronal polarity, axon growth, and synapse formation during neuronal development. The axon of a naturally growing neuron is a highly complex and multifurcated structure with a large number of bends and branches. Nowadays, the study of dynamic axonal transport in morphologically complex neurons is greatly limited by the technological barrier.

Cerebrospinal fluid cystatin C levels in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and other neurological diseases.

Background: Cystatin C has neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects on the central nervous system. However, the role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cystatin C in anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) remains unknown.

Methods: In this study, CSF levels of cystatin C were determined in 73 patients with anti-NMDARE; 496 patients with other neurological diseases, comprising 108 with neuromyelitis optica, 77 with multiple sclerosis, 71 with schizophrenia, 68 with cryptococcus meningitis or meningoencephalitis, 43 with tuberculous meningitis or meningoencephalitis, 43 with bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis (BM), 35 with Guillain-Barré syndrome, 23 with spinal cord injury (SCI), 14 with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and 14 with idiopathic epilepsy; and 136 control patients with non-inflammatory diseases.

Basal metabolic rate and risk of multiple sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study.

To determine the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility, we analyzed genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics data from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium on a total of 115,803 participants of European descent, including 47,429 patients with MS and 68,374 controls. We selected 378 independent genetic variants strongly associated with BMR in a GWAS involving 454,874 participants as instrumental variables to examine a potential causal relationship between BMR and MS. A genetically predicted higher BMR was associated with a greater risk of MS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.