Trends of socioeconomic and geographic inequalities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Ethiopia: using the WHO Health Equity Assessment Toolkit.

Background: Equity in COVID-19 vaccine uptake is the heart of managing the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 disease. However, the evidence of inequality in COVID-19 vaccination in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study investigated the trends of socioeconomic and geographic inequality of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Ethiopia.

Antimicrobial resistance profile of in drinking water from one health perspective in low and middle income countries.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health concern, especially in low-resource settings. In low- and middle-income countries, the existing evidence about antimicrobial resistance in drinking water is inconsistence and not comprehensive. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of antimicrobial resistance profiles of from drinking water in low- and middle-income countries.

Educational inequalities and decomposition of the urban-rural disparities in maternal health care utilization in Ethiopia: further analysis of 2019 intermediate Ethiopian demography and health survey.

Introduction: The utilization of maternal health services is vital to prevent maternal and child health problems. However, there is limited evidence as to why rural women have lower utilization and educational inequality in maternal health services utilization in Ethiopia. Identifying the causes is the first step to achieving maternal and child health initiatives.

Spatial distribution and urban-rural disparity of unmet need for family planning among married/in-union women in Ethiopia: a spatial and decomposition analysis.

Background: High unmet need for family planning combined with other factors, such as high early marriage and teenage pregnancy, increases the risk of developing obstetric fistula and other complications. This study aimed to assess spatial distribution and urban-rural disparities of unmet need for family planning among married/in-union women in Ethiopia.

Methods: The study was conducted on secondary data from a cross-sectional survey that was conducted nationally between September and December 2019 using a two-stage cluster design on a total of 265 enumeration areas.

Time to antenatal care booking and its predictors among pregnant women in East Africa: a Weibull gamma shared frailty model using a recent demographic and health survey.

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an important component of maternal and child healthcare. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that pregnant women book their ANC contact at or before 12 weeks of gestational age. However, in East Africa, evidence on whether the WHO recommendations have been followed is limited.

Affordability of health services and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus under regular follow-up at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.

Background: The burden of chronic illnesses, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, is increasing in low- and middle-income countries. However, health systems often struggle to meet the needs of chronically ill patients. Affordability is crucial in ensuring access to quality healthcare for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and evaluating healthcare costs.

Rural-urban disparities in full antenatal care utilization among women in Ethiopia: A further analysis of Mini-EDHS, 2019.

Background: Full antenatal care utilization is a key intervention that creates the opportunity to provide all the necessary health services during pregnancy that aims to reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality. However, there is still a gap in utilizing this service between rural and urban women. So, this study aimed to identify the sources of variations in full antenatal care utilization between the rural and urban areas of Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study of evidence-based practice and its determinants among healthcare professionals in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the integration of current best evidence with clinical expertise by considering patient preferences and values. Evidence based practice has not been well studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess EBP and its determinants among health professionals working at primary public hospitals in the Central Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Explainable machine learning for modeling predictors of unintended pregnancy among married/in-union women in sub-Saharan Africa, a multi-country analysis of MICS 6 survey.

Introduction: Unintended pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy that is either mistimed (wanted at a later time) or unwanted (not wanted at all). It has been a concerning issue for reproductive health and public health, with significant negative effects on the mother, child, and the public at large. It is a worldwide public health issue that can have a major impact on the health of pregnant women and newborns.

Magnitude of cardiac abnormality and its associated factors among hyperthyroidism patients on follow-up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Thyroid hormones have an effect on every organ system, in particular, the heart responds to minimal changes in serum thyroid hormone level. Thyroid hormone causes a lot of changes in the cardiovascular system, such as increased heart rate, contractility, systolic hypertension, changes in peripheral vascular resistance, atrial fibrillation (AF), and hypercoagulability from the direct effect of thyroid hormone on cardiac myocyte and /or due to increased metabolic state. However, the magnitude of such heart abnormalities and its associated factors were not well studied in Ethiopia.

Effect of community based health insurance on healthcare services utilization in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Community based health insurance (CBHI) is characterized by voluntary involvement, pooling of health risks and of funds occur within a community. It is becoming increasingly popular way to increase the use of healthcare services in low- and middle-income nations. Understanding the effect of CBHI on the level of health services utilization is a paramount for evidence based decision making.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the recovery time of obstetric fistula in Ethiopia, 2023.

Introduction: Obstetric fistula is a birth injury that causes the vagina to open abnormally. As a result, women may experience urinary leakage, which can lead to isolation, depression, and a lower quality of life. Due to the scarcity of evidence regarding the average recovery time for obstetric fistula in Ethiopia, Therefore, this study aimed to assess the recovery time for women with obstetric fistula in Ethiopia.

Barriers to healthcare access among reproductive age women in extremely high and very high maternal mortality countries: Multilevel mixed effect analysis.

Background: It is widely recognized that maternal deaths in low-resource countries are attributed to deprived access to maternal health services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess barriers to healthcare access among reproductive age women in extremely high and very high maternal mortality countries.

Methods: A community based cross sectional surveys were conducted among 181,472 reproductive age women.

Wealth disparities in maternal health service utilization among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: findings from the mini-EDHS 2019.

Background: Ethiopia has made strides in reducing maternal mortality, but significant discrepancies in maternal health service utilization exist across socioeconomic levels. According to studies, women from higher-income households are far more likely to use essential services such as antenatal care, delivery care, and postnatal care than poorer women. This wealth disparity is a primary contributor to persistently high maternal mortality, particularly among poor populations.

Geospatial patterns, and individual and community levels factors of cesarean section deliveries in Ethiopia: A spatial and multilevel analysis.

Background: Cesarean Section (CS) is the most popular surgery worldwide in obstetric care to save a mother's or the fetus's life. The prevalence of CS delivery in Ethiopia was 0.7% and 1.

Proportional Hazards Model on Attrition and its Predictors in Community Antiretroviral Refill Groups among ART Users in Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: The HIV epidemic continues to be a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries such as Ethiopia. Community-based antiretroviral refill groups are emerging as a patient-centered approach, but there is limited evidence. Therefore, this study aimed to assess attrition and predictors in community antiretroviral refill groups among ART users in Eastern Ethiopia.

Rural-urban disparity in community-based health insurance enrollment in Ethiopia: a multivariate decomposition analysis using Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey 2019.

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and protecting populations from health-related financial hardship remain challenging goals. Subsequently, community-based health insurance (CBHI) has gained interest in low and middle-income countries, such as Ethiopia. However, the rural-urban disparity in CBHI enrollment has not been properly investigated using multivariate decomposition analysis.

Trend and determinants of minimum dietary diversity consumption change among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia from 2011 to 2019: A multivariate decomposition analysis.

Background: Sustainable Development Goals 2 target 2.2 aimed to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030. However, the prevalence of inadequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is high in Ethiopia and the evidence of trends and determinants of MDD consumption change among children over time is limited.

Urban-rural disparities in minimum acceptable diet intake among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia: A multivariable Decomposition analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2019.

Introduction: The achievement of the minimum acceptable diet intake (MAD) stands at 14% among urban and 10% among rural under-five children in Ethiopia. Consequently, identifying the determinants of the urban-rural gap is vital for advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), fostering healthier communities, and developing evidence-driven approaches to enhance health outcomes and address disparities.

Objective: The objective of the study was to decompose the urban-rural disparities in minimum acceptable diet intake in Ethiopia using the Ethiopian Mini-Demographic and Health Survey 2019 data.

Insured-non-insured disparity of catastrophic health expenditure in Northwest Ethiopia: a multivariate decomposition analysis.

Background: Financial risk protection is one indicator of universal health coverage (UHC). All people should be protected from financial risks such as catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) to ensure equitable health services. Ethiopia has launched community-based health insurance (CBHI) since 2011 to protect people from financial risk.

Measuring socioeconomic inequalities in postnatal health checks for newborns in Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis.

Background: Addressing health inequity is a top priority for achieving sustainable development goals. The existing evidences in Ethiopia have shown that there are substantial inequalities in the use of health services among various socioeconomic strata. Therefore, the present study aimed to measure socioeconomic inequalities and the contributing factors in postnatal health checks for newborns in Ethiopia.