Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that alcohol use causes various abnormalities in the immune system and compromises immune functions. However, the mechanistic understanding of ethanol's effects on the immune system remains limited. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) regulates multiple processes, including immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe skin serves as the first protective barrier for nonspecific immunity and encompasses a vast network of skin-associated immune cells. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease that affects individuals of all ages and races, with a complex pathogenesis intricately linked to genetic, environmental factors, skin barrier dysfunction as well as immune dysfunction. Individuals diagnosed with AD frequently exhibit genetic predispositions, characterized by mutations that impact the structural integrity of the skin barrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, affecting multiple organ systems. CF intestinal disease develops early, manifesting as intestinal bacterial overgrowth/dysbiosis, neutrophilic inflammation, and obstruction. As unresolvable infection and inflammation reflect host immune deficiency, we sought to determine if the CF-affected immune system plays any significant role in CF intestinal disease pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an immune-mediated, chronic inflammatory joint disease that commonly occurs as a complication of psoriasis. EGF-like repeats and discoidal I-like domain 3 (EDIL3) is a secreted protein with multiple structural domains and associated with various physiological functions. In this study, we employed a mannan-induced psoriatic arthritis model to investigate the impact of EDIL3 on PsA pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound with various biological activities. However, poor water solubility and storage stability limit its application. In this context, sorghum peptides were used to encapsulate CAPE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerein, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was used as a model template in a rational design strategy to produce water-compatible noncovalent imprinted microspheres. The proposed approach involved computational modelling for screening functional monomers and a simple method for preparing monodisperse and highly cross-linked microspheres. The fabricated non-imprinted polymer (NIP) and 2,4-d-imprinted polymer (2,4-d-MIP) were characterised, and their adsorption capabilities in an aqueous environment were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
April 2024
An efficient asymmetric remote arylation of C(sp)-H bonds under photoredox conditions is described here. The reaction features the addition radicals to a double bond followed by a site-selective radical translocation (1,n-hydrogen atom transfer) as well as a stereocontrolled aryl migration via sulfinyl-Smiles rearrangement furnishing a wide range of chiral α-arylated amides with up to >99 : 1 er. Mechanistic studies indicate that the sulfinamide group governs the stereochemistry of the product with the aryl migration being the rate determining step preceded by a kinetically favored 1,n-HAT process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesigning a stable and highly active catalyst for hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions (HER/OER) is essential for the industrialization of hydrogen energy but remains a major challenge. This work reports a simple approach to fabricating coupled CoP/FeP nanorod array catalyst for overall water decomposition, demonstrating the source of excellent activity in the catalytic process. Under alkaline conditions, CoP/FeP heterostructures exhibit an overpotential of 96 and 220 mV for HER and OER, respectively, at 10 mA cm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo- or one-electron-mediated difunctionalizations of internal alkenes represent straightforward approaches to assemble molecular complexity by the simultaneous formation of two contiguous Csp stereocentres. Although racemic versions have been extensively explored, asymmetric variants, especially those involving open-shell C-centred radical species, are much more limited both in number and scope. Here we describe enantioenriched arylsulfinylamides as all-in-one reagents for the efficient asymmetric, intermolecular aminoarylation of alkenes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComputer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) for polyp detection offers one of the most notable showcases. By using deep learning technologies, the accuracy of polyp segmentation is surpassing human experts. In such CAD process, a critical step is concerned with segmenting colorectal polyps from colonoscopy images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane-conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. The most severe pathologies of CF occur in the lung, manifesting as chronic bacterial infection, persistent neutrophilic inflammation, and mucopurulent airway obstruction. Despite increasing knowledge of the CF primary defect and the resulting clinical sequelae, the relationship between the CFTR loss of function and the neutrophilic inflammation remains incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCystic fibrosis is a life-shortening genetic disorder, caused by mutations in the gene that encodes cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator, a cAMP-activated chloride and bicarbonate channel. Persistent neutrophilic inflammation is a major contributor to cystic fibrosis lung disease. However, how cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator loss of function leads to excessive inflammation and its clinical sequela remains incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchoring of proteins is a conserved posttranslational modification in eukaryotes. GPI-anchored proteins are widely distributed in fungal plant pathogens, but the specific roles of the GPI-anchored proteins in the pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a devastating necrotrophic plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution, remain largely unknown. This research addresses , which encodes an glycine- and serine-rich protein named SsGsr1 with an N-terminal secretory signal and a C-terminal GPI-anchor signal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng
February 2023
For transradial amputees, especially those with insufficient residual muscle activity, it is challenging to quickly obtain an appropriate grasping pattern for a multigrasp prosthesis. To address this problem, this study proposed a fingertip proximity sensor and a grasping pattern prediction method base on it. Rather than exclusively utilizing the EMG of the subject for the grasping pattern recognition, the proposed method used fingertip proximity sensing to predict the appropriate grasping pattern automatically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCystic fibrosis is a life-threatening genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR chloride channel. Clinically, over 90% of patients with cystic fibrosis succumb to pulmonary complications precipitated by chronic bacterial infections, predominantly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Despite the well-characterized gene defect and clearly defined clinical sequelae of cystic fibrosis, the critical link between the chloride channel defect and the host defense failure against these specific pathogens has not been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe environmental and ecological consequences of nanoplastics (NPs) draw increasing research interests and social concerns. However, the in situ and real-time detection of NPs from living organisms and transferring media remains as a major technical obstacle for scientific investigation. Herein we report a novel time-gated imaging (TGI) strategy capable of real-time visualizing the intake of NPs by an individual living organism, which is based on the polystyrene NPs labelled with lanthanide up-conversion luminescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To image knee osteochondral specimens using magnetic resonance (MR) ultrashort echo time imaging with pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition combined fat suppression (PETRA-FS) sequence to determine whether it can reveal non-calcified cartilage, including the deep radial layer, and to assess its effectiveness in cartilage damage diagnosis.
Materials And Methods: PETRA-FS imaging was performed on 58 osteochondral specimens of the lower femur and upper tibia to observe depth of cartilage damage, combined with histological results to observe signal intensity composition. Sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of PETRA-FS sequence for diagnosing cartilage damage were evaluated using histological results as the gold standard.
Interleukin 37 (IL-37), a member of the IL-1 family, is considered a suppressor of innate and adaptive immunity and, hence is a regulator of tumor immunity. However, the specific molecular mechanism and role of IL-37 in skin cancer remain unclear. Here, we report that IL-37b-transgenic mice (IL-37tg) treated with the carcinogenic 7,12-dimethylbenzoanthracene (DMBA)/12-o-tetradecylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) exhibited enhanced skin cancer and increased tumor burden in the skin by inhibiting the function of CD103 dendritic cells (DCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by eczema-like skin lesions, dry skin, severe itching, and recurrent recurrence. The whey acidic protein four-disulfide core domain gene WFDC12 is highly expressed in skin tissue and up-regulated in the skin lesions of AD patients, but its role and relevant mechanism in AD pathogenesis have not been studied yet. In this study, we found that the expression of WFDC12 was closely related to clinical symptoms of AD and the severity of AD-like lesions induced by DNFB in transgenic mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficient harvesting and storage of dispersed irregular energy from the environment are crucial to the demand for the distributed devices of the Internet of Things (IoTs). Here, a carbon felt (CF)-based energy conversion-storage-supply integrated system (CECIS) that contains a CF-based solid-state supercapacitor (CSSC) and a CF-based triboelectric nanogenerator (C-TENG) is presented, which is capable of simultaneously energy storage and conversion. The simple treated CF not only delivers a maximal specific capacitance of 402.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disorder, caused by mutations in the gene that encodes Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane-conductance Regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-activated chloride and bicarbonate channel. Although multiple organ systems can be affected, CF lung disease claims the most morbidity and mortality due to chronic bacterial infection, persistent neutrophilic inflammation, and mucopurulent airway obstruction. Despite the clear predominance of neutrophils in these pathologies, how CFTR loss-of-function affects these cells remains incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF