Ultrasound-Responsive Lipid Nanoplatform with Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide Release for Cancer Sono-Gaso-Therapy.

Local gas therapy is emerging as a potential cancer treatment approach due to its specificity as gas-containing molecules can be packed into a nanodelivery system to release the corresponding gaseous molecules around the tumor site upon a suitable stimulus. Single-gas therapy has been reported, while synergistic dual-gas therapy has rarely been reported. Herein, we report a dual-gas-containing nanoplatform for synergistic cancer gasotherapy upon ultrasound irradiation.

Simultaneous Light-Triggered Release of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide from a Lipid-Coated Upconversion Nanosystem Inhibits Colon Tumor Growth.

Gas therapy has gained noteworthy attention in biomedical research, with the rise of gas-releasing molecules enhancing their therapeutic potential, especially when integrated into nano-based drug delivery systems. Herein, we present a lipid-coated gas delivery system to simultaneously shuttle two gas-releasing molecules carrying nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), respectively. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are designed to generate photons at 360 nm upon 808 nm of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation.

Therapeutic gas-releasing nanomedicines with controlled release: Advances and perspectives.

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery has become one of the most popular approaches for maximising drug therapeutic potentials. With the notable improvements, a greater challenge hinges on the formulation of gasotransmitters with unique challenges that are not met in liquid and solid active ingredients. Gas molecules upon release from formulations for therapeutic purposes have not really been discussed extensively.

Vitamin E-facilitated carbon monoxide pro-drug nanomedicine for efficient light-responsive combination cancer therapy.

The quest to maximize therapeutic efficiency in cancer treatment requires innovative delivery nanoplatforms capable of employing different modules simultaneously. Combination therapy has proven to be one of the best anticancer strategies so far. Herein, we have developed a lipid-encapsulated nanoplatform that combines chemotherapy with photoresponsive gas therapy for colon cancer treatment.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the anti-rheumatoid arthritis potential of xylopic acid in a bioinspired lipoprotein nanoformulation.

Xylopic acid (XA), a diterpene kaurene and the major active ingredient of the African spice Xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae), is reported to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of XA for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a debilitating autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by joint damage, in the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model in rats. We synthesized bioinspired reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) nanoparticles loaded with purified XA crystals (rHDL/XA) that passively accumulate in inflamed joints of CFA-induced arthritic rats.

Lipid-encapsulated upconversion nanoparticle for near-infrared light-mediated carbon monoxide release for cancer gas therapy.

Cancer gas therapy is just in an early stage of research and development. Several important gasotransmitters have proven their therapeutic potentials, but handling, delivery and controlled release of these gases remain very challenging for therapeutic purposes. This research develops a versatile nanosystem that is capable of delivering carbon monoxide (CO) gasotransmitter in the form of photo-responsive carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM) for targeted cancer therapy.

Laser-triggered polymeric lipoproteins for precision tumor penetrating theranostics.

Natural particles ranging from various cell membranes to nascent proteins are highly optimized for their specific functions in vivo and possess features that are desired in drug delivery carriers. However, the current endeavor in research on bioparticles is still seeking the appropriate strategy to shield multiple agents and circumvent biological hurdles. These issues have propelled the advancement of lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers, which could be employed as drug reservoirs and strive to meet these expectations.

Carbon dots: Applications in bioimaging and theranostics.

Carbon dots are a carbonaceous nanomaterial that were discovered accidentally and are now drawing significant attention as a new quantum-sized fluorescent nanoparticle. Carbon dots are biocompatible, non-toxic, photostable, and easily functionalized with good photoluminescence and water solubility. Due to these unique properties, they are used broadly in live cell imaging, catalysis, electronics, biosensing, power, targeted drug delivery, and other biomedical applications.

Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials: Versatile Nanocarriers for Cancer Theranostics and Drug and Gene Delivery.

Mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSNs) have made remarkable achievements and are being thought of by researchers as materials that can be used to effect great change in cancer therapies, gene delivery, and drug delivery because of their optically transparent properties, flexible size, functional surface, low toxicity profile, and very good drug loading competence. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) show a very high loading capacity for therapeutic agents. It is well known that cancer is one of the most severe known medical conditions, characterized by cells that grow and spread rapidly.

Preparation and characterization of nimodipine-loaded nanostructured lipid systems for enhanced solubility and bioavailability.

Purpose: Nimodipine (NMP) is a clinical dihydropyridine calcium antagonist. However, the clinical application of NMP is limited by poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability. To overcome these drawbacks, this study designed optimal NMP-incorporated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs).

Bio-inspired drug delivery systems: an emerging platform for targeted cancer therapy.

The quest for an ideal cancer treatment has led to the exploration of a variety of platforms to facilitate highly desirable and efficient drug delivery. As most anticancer drugs possess therapeutic potency to destroy tumor cells, there is a need to steer the compounds to their required sites using site-specific drug delivery vehicles. This has inspired the investigation of various natural particulates and biomaterials for the purpose.

Functional Diagnostic and Therapeutic Nanoconstructs for Efficient Probing of Circulating Tumor Cells.

The circulation of tumor cells in peripheral blood is mostly recognized as a prerequisite for cancer progression or systemic invasion, and it correlates with the pivotal hallmark of malignancies known as metastasis. Multiple detection schemes for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have emerged as the most discerning criteria for monitoring the outcome of anticancer therapy. Therefore, there has been a tremendous increase in the use of robust nanostructured platforms for observation of these mobile tumor cells through various simultaneous diagnosis and treatment regimens developed from conventional techniques.

Deep Tumor Penetrating Bioparticulates Inspired Burst Intracellular Drug Release for Precision Chemo-Phototherapy.

The relevance of personalized medicine has inspired research for individually concerted diagnosis and therapy. Numerous efforts are devoted to designing drug particulates with capabilities of tumor penetrating and subcellular trafficking to concurrently discharge theranostics in response to multistimulations. In this study, a bioinspired particulate, formulated with whole components of native high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and decorated with the tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD, is proposed to promote tumor penetration of HDLs (pHDLs) together with payloads.

Natural Particulates Inspired Specific-Targeted Codelivery of siRNA and Paclitaxel for Collaborative Antitumor Therapy.

The effective combination of drugs promoting antiangiogenesis and apoptosis effects has proven to be a promising collaborative tumor antidote; and the codelivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and chemotherapy agents within one efficient vehicle has gained more attention over single regimen administration. Herein, vascular endothelial growth factor specific siRNA (siVEGF) and paclitaxel (PTX) were introduced as therapeutic companions and coencapsulated into naturally mimic high-density lipoproteins (rHDL/siVEGF-PTX), so that various mechanisms of treatment can occur simultaneously. The terminal nanoparticles share capacity of specific-targeting to tumor cells overexpressed scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and deliver siVEGF and PTX into cytoplasm by a nonendocytosis mechanism.

Versatile Nanosystem-Based Cancer Theranostics: Design Inspiration and Predetermined Routing.

The relevance of personalized medicine, aimed at a more individualized drug therapy, has inspired research into nano-based concerted diagnosis and therapeutics (theranostics). As the intention is to "kill two birds with one stone", scientists have already described the emerging concept as a treasured tailor for the future of cancer therapy, wherein the main idea is to design "smart" nanosystems to concurrently discharge both therapeutic and diagnostic roles. These nanosystems are expected to offer a relatively clearer view of the ingenious cellular trafficking pathway, in-situ diagnosis, and therapeutic efficacy.

Dual-functional bio-derived nanoparticulates for apoptotic antitumor therapy.

The application of bio-derived nanoparticulates has gained a remarkable degree of interest as a promising sustained-release, site-targeted and completely biodegradable delivery system for chemotherapeutics. We hereby introduce a dual-functionalized biomimetic nanovector, cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-anchored recombinant high density lipoproteins (cp-rHDL), which affords high payload and improved targeting of gambogic acid (GA), a therapeutic agent for apoptotic antitumor therapy. GA-loaded cp-rHDL nanoparticles (cp-rHDL/GA) consisted of hydrophobic core modulating GA, apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) for attractive integrating and tumor-homing, and lipophilic anchored R6H4 (RRRRRRHHHH, a pH-responsive CPP) offering a pH-controlled penetrating potential.