Estrogen receptor positivity in stromal cells of the tumor bed predicts the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine estrogen receptor (ER) expression in stromal cells in postchemotherapy tumor bed (PCTB) and its relationship with tumor regression and tumor characteristics.

Methods: The study included 490 breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We performed ER in stromal cells in all resection specimens and available pre-treatment core biopsy materials of 299 patients immunohistochemically.

Predicting recurrence in adult granulosa cell tumors: the role of Ki67, p53, and TERT mutations.

Purpose: Adult granulosa cell tumors (aGCTs) are a rare type of ovarian malignancy. While most aGCTs have an indolent course, up to 25% experience recurrence. Identifying markers for disease recurrence is crucial for optimal management.

Reward processing in young people with self-harm behaviour.

Twenty percent of young people report a lifetime presence of self-harm (SH) behaviour, associated with negative health and functional outcomes. Understanding the underlying cognitive mechanisms is needed to develop targeted early interventions. Reward processing biases may underlie SH, aligning with accounts of the behaviour acquiring "addictive" characteristics.

Do social media epistemological beliefs and health perception impact parents' vaccine hesitancy? A mediation analysis.

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in vaccine hesitancy among individuals. It is crucial to identify the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy to effectively address this issue. This study aims to investigate the impact of social media-specific epistemological beliefs on vaccine hesitancy and the mediating role of health perception in this impact.

Unravelling the Genetic Architecture of Serum Biochemical Indicators in Sheep.

Serum biochemical indicators serve as vital proxies that reflect the physiological state and functions of different organs. The genetic parameters and molecular mechanisms underlying serum biochemical indicators of sheep () have not been well understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the genetic architecture and genomic loci underlying ten serum biochemical indicators in sheep, including alanine transaminase, aspartate transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, glucose, phosphorus, calcium, creatinine, urea and total protein levels.

Advancements in reusable SERS substrates for trace analysis applications.

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) technique is an effective analytical technique in which fingerprint information about analytes can be obtained, can provide detection limit performance at the single molecule level, and analyzes are performed in a single step without any intermediate steps. SERS technique offers additional benefits rather than other analytical techniques including high selectivity, ultrasensitive detection, uncomplicated protocols, in situ sampling, on-set capability and cost-effectiveness. As a result of the combination of developments in materials and nanotechnology science with the SERS analysis technique, this technique strengthens its use advantage day by day.

New Emerging Chemokine Receptors: CCR5 or CXCR5 on Tumor Is Associated with Poor Response to Chemotherapy and Poor Prognosis in Locally Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: We aim to investigate any possible associations between chemokine receptor expression and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) along with outcomes in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with locally advanced disease.

Method: Expressions of chemokine receptors were examined immunohistochemically after staining archival tissue of surgical specimens (n = 63) using specific antibodies for CCR5, CCR7, CXCR4, and CXCR5.

Results: Patients with high CCR5, CCR7, CXCR4, and CXCR5 expression on tumors and high CXCR4 expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were less likely to have a pathological complete response (pCR) or Class 0-I RCB-Index compared to others.

Removal of manganese (Mn) from water samples using a biocomposite sorbent.

Herein, tannic acid-tethered cellulose was developed as an efficient and selective sorbent for Mn⁺ removal from aqueous solutions. The modified cellulose was characterized through scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. Sorption performance was evaluated using various parameters, including pH, initial Mn⁺ concentration, contact time, and the presence of interfering ions.

AuNPs with Cynara scolymus leaf extracts rescue arsenic-induced neurobehavioral deficits and hippocampal tissue toxicity in Balb/c mice through D1R and D2R activation.

The present study was designed to evaluate whether AuNPs (gold nanoparticles) synthesized with the Cynara scolymus (CS) leaf exert protective and/or alleviative effects on arsenic (As)-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity in mice. Neurotoxicity in mice was developed by orally treating 10 mg/kg/day sodium arsenite (NaAsO) for 21 days. 10 µg/g AuNPs, 1.

Comparison of periapical radiography, panoramic radiography, and CBCT in the evaluation of trabecular bone structure using fractal analysis.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare imaging techniques to evaluate trabecular bone structure using Fractal Analysis (FA).

Methods: Fifteen sheep hemimandibles were used for this study. Digital images were obtained using periapical radiography, panoramic radiography, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Shorter self-reported sleep duration is associated with worse virtual spatial navigation performance in men.

Sleep has been shown to impact navigation ability. However, it remains unclear how different sleep-related variables may be independently associated with spatial navigation performance, and as to whether gender may play a role in these associations. We used a mobile video game app, Sea Hero Quest (SHQ), to measure wayfinding ability in US-based participants.

Are trauma victims with obesity lucky in penetrating trauma injuries?

Background: We aimed to reveal the protective effect of body mass index (BMI) and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SATT), together with scores covering the abdomen, in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma.

Methods: The data of 234 abdominal penetrating trauma patients over the age of 16 who applied to the emergency general sur-gery unit of Istanbul Medipol Hospital between 2017 and 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Sex, age, types of penetrating injuries, BMI, need for blood transfusion and intensive care unit (ICU), mortality, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index (PATI), and Flint Colon Injury Score (FCIS) were recorded.

Durable, Ultrathin, and Antifouling Polymer Brush Coating for Efficient Condensation Heat Transfer.

Heat exchangers are made of metals because of their high heat conductivity and mechanical stability. Metal surfaces are inherently hydrophilic, leading to inefficient filmwise condensation. It is still a challenge to coat these metal surfaces with a durable, robust, and thin hydrophobic layer, which is required for efficient dropwise condensation.

Evaluation of immune density, PD-L1, and CXCR4 expressions in metaplastic breast carcinoma to predict potential immunotherapy benefit.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) -rare but fatal subtype of invasive breast carcinomas- provides limited benefit from conventional triple-negative breast carcinoma chemotherapy. We aimed to determine the immune density of this tumor and to evaluate of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) expressions to determine whether it would benefit from immunotherapy. Clinicopathological characteristics of 85 patients diagnosed as MBC between 1997 and 2017 were retrospectively assessed.

Do the effects of aggregate and disaggregate energy consumption on different environmental quality indicators change in the transition to sustainable development? Evidence from wavelet coherence analysis.

In the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by the United Nations (UN) member states in 2015, half of the target period has been exceeded. However, China, whose energy consumption relies heavily on fossil resources, remains at the top of the list of global polluters. Therefore, investigating the environmental impacts of energy types is essential to China's path towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)-7 and SDG-13.

The Role of Morphology in Predicting Fumarate Hydratase-deficient Uterine Leiomyomas in Young Women.

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma is caused by germline mutations in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene and is associated with an increased incidence of leiomyomas and a potentially aggressive variant of renal cell carcinoma. Pathologic evaluation of uterine leiomyoma can provide an opportunity for early recognition of the syndrome. We reviewed all archived slides of the cases to identify the characteristic morphologic features described for FH-deficient leiomyomas.

Morphologically different hydroxyapatite nanoparticles exert differential genotoxic effects in Drosophila.

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) occurs naturally in sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and constitutes the hard structures in many organisms. Since synthetic nano-sized HAP (HAP-NPs) are used in orthopedic applications and for heavy metal remediation in aquatic and terrestrial media, both environment and humans are exposed to them. Due to the concerns about their potential hazards, the genotoxic effects that round/rod forms of HAP-NPs were investigated in Drosophila using the wing-spot and the comet assays.

Use of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in analytical sample preparation applications.

Since the discovery of graphene, nano-sized two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as MoS, MoSe, MoTe, NbS, NbSe, WS, WSe, TaS and TaSe, which have been classified as next-generation nanomaterials resembling graphene (G) have complementary basic properties with those of graphene in terms of their practical applications. TMDs are attracting great attention due to their attractive physical, chemical and electronic properties. Despite being overshadowed by graphene in terms of frequency of use, TMDs have been used frequently in many areas in recent years instead of carbon-based materials such as graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanodiamonds (NDs).

Mercury Concentration in Saliva and the Impact of Chewing: An Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Study.

Mercury, which is found in dental amalgams, is considered to be the most toxic non-radioactive element. However, the health policies of different countries have not reached a consensus on the use and safety of amalgam. This study aims to investigate the effect of amalgam restorations on mercury concentration in saliva, as well as the effect of restoration number, surface number, and chewing on this concentration.

Delayed Mid-Sleep Time Associated With Weight Gain While Controlling for Eating Behaviors and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: Society's sleep-wake cycle and eating behaviors have altered and are considered the psychological outcomes of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Our aim was to examine the relationship between sleep-wake rhythms, eating behaviors (dieting, oral control, and bulimic behaviors), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms with weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The participants were 578 female university students divided into three groups based on weight change during COVID-19 who lost weight, whose weight did not change (nWC), and who gained weight (WG).

Diverging prognostic effects of CD155 and CD73 expressions in locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibition, combined with novel biomarkers, may provide alternative pathways for treating chemotherapy-resistant triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study investigates the expression of new immune checkpoint receptors, including CD155 and CD73, which play a role in T and natural killer (NK) cell activities, in patients with residual TNBC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: The expression of biomarkers was immunohistochemically examined by staining archival tissue from surgical specimens (n = 53) using specific monoclonal antibodies for PD-L1, CD155, and CD73.

Ductal Carcinoma Arising in Sentinel Axillary Lymph Nodes Excised From Patients With Breast Carcinoma - A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall. Report of Two Cases.

We present two cases of ductal carcinoma (DCIS) that arose in axillary lymph nodes excised as the sentinel lymph node from two patients with breast carcinoma. The patient ages were 72 and 36 years and both patients underwent mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. In addition to DCIS in the sentinel lymph node, the first patient had a wide DCIS and microinvasion in the ipsilateral breast and a micrometastasis in another sentinel lymph node.

Spatiotemporal tracking of gold nanorods after intranasal administration for brain targeting.

Intranasal administration is becoming increasingly more attractive as a fast delivery route to the brain for therapeutics circumventing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Gold nanorods (AuNRs) demonstrate unique optical and biological properties compared to other gold nanostructures due to their high aspect ratio. In this study, we investigated for the first time the brain region-specific distribution of AuNRs and their potential as a drug delivery platform for central nervous system (CNS) therapy following intranasal administration to mice using a battery of analytical and imaging techniques.