Fish requires FasL to facilitate CD8+ T-cell function and antimicrobial immunity.

Although bony fish have CD8+ T cells, the mechanisms by which these early-evolved cytotoxic cells combat intracellular pathogens remain unclear. In the present study, using Nile tilapia as a model, we investigated the detailed function, mechanism, and evolutionary pattern concerning CD8+ T cells. By depleting CD8+ T cells, they are found essential in combating Edwardsiella piscicida infection.

Utilization of preventative health checkup services in China among middle-aged and older adult population: evidence from China's 28 provinces.

Introduction: Research on the utilization of outpatient and inpatient medical and health services for residents and the factors influencing them is well established, however, there are fewer relevant studies analyzing the utilization of preventive health check-up services for middle-aged and older adult people in China. In this study, we hope to understand the utilization of preventive health care services and identify the factors that influence such utilization, thereby providing insights for health policy and resource allocation.

Methods: The study uses data from the 2020 CHARLS survey, including 17,200 participants aged 45 and older.

The dynamic regulatory network of stamens and pistils in papaya.

Background: Papaya exhibits three sex types: female (XX), male (XY), and hermaphrodite (XY), making it an unusual trioecious model for studying sex determination. A critical aspect of papaya sex determination is the pistil abortion in male flowers. However, the regulatory networks that control the development of pistils and stamens in papaya remain incompletely understood.

REG3A secreted by peritumoral acinar cells enhances pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression via activation of EGFR signaling.

Background: Regenerating family member 3A (REG3A) is involved in the development of multiple malignant tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, any role of REG3A in PDAC remains controversial due to its unclear tissue localization or direct receptors, and complex downstream signal transductions.

Methods: Morphological analysis and public multi-omics data retrieval were was utilized to elucidate the tissue localization of REG3A in PDAC.

Operational strategy for solid phase denitrification to achieve carbon balance between organic release and denitrification consumption.

This study developed a pilot-scale vertical-baffled solid-phase denitrification reactor (VbSPDR) incorporating polycaprolactone (PCL) and ceramsite as fillers to balance organic carbon release and denitrification consumption. The Box-Behnken design was employed to assess the effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT), temperature, and influent nitrate concentration on nitrate removal efficiency and COD accumulation. Optimal conditions yielded a 95 % nitrate removal rate at 33 °C, an HRT of 1.

The Association Between Green Tea Consumption and Cognitive Function: A Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence.

Background: Tea is widely consumed around the world, with green tea showing potential protective effects against cognitive decline, as indicated by multiple studies. These effects are thought to stem from its polyphenols and neuroprotective properties. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze recent observational research on the link between green tea consumption and the risk of cognitive impairment.

The Characteristics and Functions of Orally Absorbed Herbal Decoction-Borne Plant MicroRNAs.

Herbal decoctions always contain numerous plant microRNAs, and some of these can be absorbed orally to exert cross-kingdom gene regulation. However, little is known about which specific types of herbal decoction-borne plant microRNAs are more likely to be absorbed. Thus, two antiviral herbal decoctions, Qingfei Paidu and Qingre Huashi Kangdu, were administered to human volunteers and rats, respectively, to investigate the characteristics of orally absorbed decoction-borne plant microRNAs.

HemaScope: A Tool for Analyzing Single-cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Data of Hematopoietic Cells.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) techniques hold great value in evaluating the heterogeneity and spatial characteristics of hematopoietic cells within tissues. These two techniques are highly complementary, with scRNA-seq offering single-cell resolution and ST retaining spatial information. However, there is an urgent demand for well-organized and user-friendly toolkits capable of handling single-cell and spatial information.

Relationships Among Growth Mindset, Turnover Tendency, Workplace Adaptability and Essentials of Magnetism of New Nurses: A Moderated Mediation Model.

Aims: The study objective was to examine the mediating and moderating effects of workplace adaptability and essentials of magnetism, respectively, on the relationship between having a growth mindset and turnover tendency among new Chinese nurses.

Design: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Methods: The sample was selected through a multistage sampling method.

Insight into interfacial dynamics of photogenerated carriers in CsBiI/Au heterostructure nanocomposites for high-sensitivity broadband photodetection with negative photoconductivity.

The negative photoconductivity (NPC) effect is becoming an increasingly significant factor in the development of next-generation optoelectronics. However, research in the field of NPC-dominated optoelectronics remains in its infancy and frequently encounters challenges related to fabrication complexity, slow photoresponse speed, instability, and a limited spectral response range. Herein, a CsBiI/Au heterostructure nanocomposite was prepared via a simple self-assembly process utilizing electrostatic interactions with Au nanoparticles (NPs) and lead-free CsBiI nanoplates.

FOXO4 suppresses cisplatin resistance of triple-negative breast cancer by inhibiting autophagy.

Background: Resistance to chemotherapy containing cisplatin (DDP) is a main challenge in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) is frequently downregulated in DDP-resistant cells. However, it is unclear whether FOXO4 down-regulation is related to DDP resistance.

Dual-branch Transformer for semi-supervised medical image segmentation.

Purpose: In recent years, the use of deep learning for medical image segmentation has become a popular trend, but its development also faces some challenges. Firstly, due to the specialized nature of medical data, precise annotation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Training neural networks effectively with limited labeled data is a significant challenge in medical image analysis.

Research advances on microplastics contamination in terrestrial geoenvironment: A review.

The contamination of microplastics in terrestrial geoenvironment (CMTG) is widespread and severe and has, received considerable attention. However, studies on CMTG are in their initial stages. The literature on CMTG published in the past decade was analyzed through bibliometric analysis, such as the annual publications, countries with the highest contributions, prolific authors, and author keywords.

Evidence of Cross-Kingdom Gene Regulation by Plant MicroRNAs and Possible Reasons for Inconsistencies.

The debate on whether cross-kingdom gene regulation by orally acquired plant miRNAs is possible has been ongoing for nearly 10 years without a conclusive answer. In this study, we categorized plant miRNAs into different groups, namely, extracellular vesicle (EV)-borne plant miRNAs, extracted plant miRNAs, herbal decoction-borne plant miRNAs, synthetic plant miRNA mimics, and plant tissue/juice-borne plant miRNAs. This categorization aimed to simplify the analysis and address the question more specifically.

Salicylic Acid Modulates the Osmotic System and Photosynthesis Rate to Enhance the Drought Tolerance of .

M. Roem. is a valuable and fast-growing timber species which is found in subtropical regions; however, drought severely affects its growth and physiology.

[Effect of soil moisture on efficacy to eliminate dampness and relieve jaundice and flavonoid content of Sedum sarmentosum].

The growth environment of medicinal plants plays an important role in the formation of their medicinal quality. However, there is a lack of combined analysis studying the close relationship between the growth environment, chemical components, and related biological activities of medicinal plants. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of different soil moisture treatments on the efficacy to eliminate dampness and relieve jaundice and the flavonoid content of Sedum sarmentosum, and explored their correlation.

Action mechanisms and characteristics of miRNAs to regulate virus replication.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential to be explored as antiviral products. It is known that miRNAs have different kinds of target mRNAs and different target sites in mRNAs, and that the action-modes of miRNAs at different target sites may be different. But there is no evidence demonstrating the significance of the differences for the regulation of viruses by miRNAs, which might be crucial for the exploration of miRNA-based antiviral products.

A phenomenological, intersectional understanding of coping with ageism and racism among older adults.

The aim of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to understand how older adults cope with experiences of ageism and racism through an intersectional lens. Twenty adults 60+ residing in the U.S.

Gb3-Coated Bovine Milk Exosomes as a Practical Neutralizer for Shiga Toxin.

Shiga toxin (Stx) is associated with foodborne infections of some spp. and Shiga toxin-producing (STEC), leading to life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Target-specific therapeutics against HUS are currently unavailable in clinical practice.

Impact of Cross-Limb Stent-Graft Configuration on Hemodynamics in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Interventional Therapy.

Purpose: The cross-limb (CL) technique is a commonly used endovascular treatment for addressing unfavorable anatomical features in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The configuration of CL stent-graft plays a critical role in determining the postoperative hemodynamic properties and physiological behaviors, which ultimately impact the efficacy and safety of endovascular AAA treatment. This study aims to investigate the relationship between hemodynamics and CL stent-graft configuration from a hemodynamic perspective.

Efficient repair of human genetic defect by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated interlocus gene conversion.

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by gene-editing tools are primarily repaired through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) using synthetic DNA templates. However, error-prone NHEJ may result in unexpected indels at the targeted site. For most genetic disorders, precise HDR correction using exogenous homologous sequence is ideal.

Degradation of iopamidol in the permanganate/sulfite process: Evolution of iodine species and effect on the subsequent formation of disinfection by-products.

Permanganate/sulfite (Mn(VII)/S(IV)) process is a promising pre-oxidation technology for sequestering the emerging organic contaminants in drinking water treatment plant. Iopamidol (IPM), a representative of iodinated X-ray contrast media, has been widely detected in water sources and has the risk of forming iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) in water treatment system. In this study, we investigated the evolution of iodine species during the IPM degradation by the Mn(VII)/S(IV) process and its effect on the subsequent formation of I-DBPs during chlorination at pH 7.

CRISPR/Cas12a combined with RPA for detection of T. gondii in mouse whole blood.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan that is ubiquitous in humans and animals. It can invade any human organ and cause severe diseases, including toxoplasma ophthalmopathy, meningoencephalitis, and liver necrosis. Porcine toxoplasmosis is prevalent in China.