Substituting time spent in physical activity and sedentary time and its association with cardiovascular disease among northwest Chinese adults.

Objectives: To examine the association between physical activity (PA) and leisure-time sedentary time and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study used baseline data from the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China from June 2018 to May 2019. PA and leisure-time sedentary time were self-reported.

Secondhand smoking increased the possibility of hypertension with a significant time and frequency dose-response relationship.

In this research, we investigated whether secondhand smoking (SHS) increases the possibility of hypertension. We used data from the Shaanxi baseline survey of the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China (RECS). Active smoking and SHS were determined by questionnaires.

ODAD1 variants resulting from splice-site mutations retain partial function and cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with outer dynein arm defects.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by defects in motile ciliary function and/or structure. () is an important component of the outer dynein arm docking complex (ODA-DC). To date, 13 likely pathogenic mutations of have been reported.

Associations between long-term blood pressure trajectory and all-cause and CVD mortality among old people in China.

Background: Optimal blood pressure (BP) management strategy among the elderly remains controversial, with insufficient consideration of long-term BP trajectory. This study aimed to identify BP trajectory patterns as well as terminal BP trajectory among the Chinese elderly and to explore the relationships between BP trajectories and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: We included 11,181 participants older than 60 at baseline (mean age, 80.

Association of sleep behavior with depression: a cross-sectional study in northwestern China.

Background: This study aimed to examine the association between sleep duration, sleep problems, and depression in Northwest China.

Method: Depression was diagnosed at the hospital and self-reported by the participants in the baseline survey. Sleep duration and problems, including difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep, early morning awakening, daytime dysfunction, use of sleeping pills or drugs, and any sleep problems, were obtained by a self-reported questionnaire.

Mechanistic Regulation of Wnt Pathway-Related Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Airway Lesions.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease associated with inflammation and structural changes in the airways and lungs, resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. This interaction highlights significant genes in early life, particularly those involved in lung development, such as the Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in cell homeostasis, and its abnormal activation can lead to the occurrence of related diseases such as asthma, COPD, and lung cancer.

Maternal Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Offspring Birth Outcomes in a Chinese Population.

Background: Chronic inflammation perturbations during pregnancy may impact fetal growth; however, research on the association between dietary inflammation and birth outcomes is limited and inconsistent.

Objectives: This study seeks to assess whether the dietary inflammatory potential is related to birth outcomes among pregnant women in China.

Methods: A total of 7194 mothers aged 17-46 y and their infants in China were included in this cross-sectional study.

The Association between Plant-Based Diet Indices and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults: Longitudinal Analyses from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Objectives: To investigate the association between a plant-based diet and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese adults.

Methods: Based on the data from the 2004-2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey and the corresponding edition of China Food Composition, we calculated the healthy plant-based diet indices (hPDI) and unhealthy plant-based diet indices (uPDI). The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS.

Association between physical activity and major adverse cardiovascular events in northwest China: A cross-sectional analysis from the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study.

Background: To examine the association between daily physical activity (PA) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in northwest China.

Methods: The data in this analysis were part of the baseline survey of the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China from June 2018 to May 2019 in Shaanxi Province. This study used standardized self-reported total physical activity (continuous and categorical variables) and self-reported outcomes of MACEs.

Preference for Stronger Taste Associated with a Higher Risk of Hypertension: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in Northwest China.

Background: Dietary modulation is a primary lifestyle approach for reducing the risk of hypertension. However, evidence of the potential role that a dietary taste preference plays in the risk of hypertension remains limited.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on the Shaanxi baseline survey of the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study.

Dabigatran ameliorates airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma by modulating Yes-associated protein.

Accumulating evidence indicates that thrombin, the major effector of the coagulation cascade, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Interestingly, dabigatran, a drug used in clinical anticoagulation, directly inhibits thrombin activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of dabigatran on airway smooth muscle remodeling in vivo and in vitro.

Emerging roles of YAP/TAZ in lung physiology and diseases.

The YAP and TAZ, as the downstream effectors of Hippo pathway, have emerged as important translational co-activators of a wide variety of biological processes. YAP/TAZ plays a crucial role in the lung development and physiology. Dysregulation of YAP/TAZ signaling pathway contributes to the development and progression of chronic lung diseases, including lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, COPD, asthma, and lung infection.

Chinese version of the severe respiratory insufficiency questionnaire for patients with COPD receiving long-term oxygen therapy.

Purpose: Patients with advanced-stage COPD often experience severe hypoxemia. Treatment with long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) may relieve patients' symptoms and increase survival. As COPD is incurable, improving patients' health-related quality of life is important.

Tiotropium inhibits methacholine-induced extracellular matrix production via β-catenin signaling in human airway smooth muscle cells.

Background: Airway remodeling is an important feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is associated with disease severity and irreversible airflow limitation. An extensive alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding the airway smooth muscle (ASM) bundle is one of the pathological manifestations of airway remodeling, which contributes to the decline in lung function. Tiotropium, a long-acting inhaled muscarinic receptor antagonist, has been confirmed to play a role in preventing airway remodeling including ECM deposition beyond bronchodilation in vivo, but the relationship between ASM cell (ASMC) relaxation and ECM production remains unclear.

Efficacy of bilevel positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome: protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a major respiratory complication caused by severe obesity, being associated with significant morbidity, negative impacts on quality of life and reduced survival if not treated appropriately. Positive airway pressure therapy is the first-line treatment for OHS although the optimal modality remains unclear. The goal of this study is to identify the efficacy of home bilevel positive airway pressure therapy by comparison to continuous positive airway pressure therapy and determine the best strategy for patients with OHS.

Methacholine induces extracellular matrix production by human airway smooth muscle cells through β-catenin signaling.

Altered extracellular matrix (ECM) production by airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is an important feature of airway remodeling. Muscarinic receptor agonists contribute to ECM production in vivo, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study attempted to investigate the role of methacholine in promoting ECM production by human ASMCs (HASMCs) and the underlying mechanism.

Author Correction: High-pressure versus low-pressure home non-invasive positive pressure ventilation with built-in software in patients with stable hypercapnic COPD: a pilot study.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Contraction-dependent TGF-β1 activation is required for thrombin-induced remodeling in human airway smooth muscle cells.

Aims: Thrombin is a serine proteinase that is not only involved in coagulation cascade, but also mediates a number of biological responses relevant to tissues repair, and induces bronchoconstriction. TGF-β plays a pivotal role in airway remodeling due to its effects on airway smooth muscle proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Recently, bronchoconstriction itself is found to constitute a form of strain and is highly relevant to asthmatic airway remodeling.

High-pressure versus low-pressure home non-invasive positive pressure ventilation with built-in software in patients with stable hypercapnic COPD: a pilot study.

High-pressure non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is a new strategy targeted at maximally reducing arterial carbon dioxide. However, high inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) might cause respiratory adverse events likely to diminish the benefit of NPPV. In the setting of ventilatory support, monitoring NPPV efficacy and resolving problems promptly are critical.

The Chinese version of the Severe Respiratory Insufficiency questionnaire for patients with chronic hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receiving non-invasive positive pressure ventilation.

Objectives: The Severe Respiratory Insufficiency (SRI) questionnaire is the best assessment tool for health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). This study aimed to translate the SRI Questionnaire into Chinese and to validate it.

Design: Prospective validation study.

Home noninvasive positive pressure ventilation with built-in software in stable hypercapnic COPD: a short-term prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: The benefits of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in patients with hypercapnic COPD are controversial. It is presumed that methodology and appropriate use of NIV ventilator might be crucial for the outcomes. With the new built-in software, the performance of NIV can be monitored at home, which can guarantee the compliance and appropriate use.

Evaluation of carbon dioxide rebreathing during exercise assisted by noninvasive ventilation with plateau exhalation valve.

Noninvasive ventilation with a plateau exhalation valve (PEV) is often used as an adjunct to exercise to achieve a physiologic training effect in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. However, during exercise, with the increase of exhalation flow and respiratory rate and limited capability of PEV to exhale gases out of the circuit, it is still unknown whether CO rebreathing occurs in COPD patients ventilated during exercise assisted by single-limb circuit with a PEV. A maximal symptom-limited cycle exercise test was performed while ventilated on pressure support (inspiratory:expiratory pressure 14:4 cmHO) in 18 male patients with stable severe COPD (mean ± standard deviation, forced expiratory volume in 1 s: 29.

Effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for the rehabilitation of moderate-to-severe COPD: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Patients with COPD often experience skeletal muscle dysfunction. For those who are unable or unwilling to undertake physical training, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may provide an alternative method of rehabilitation. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the controversial topic of whether this therapy is effective in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.

Association between β2-adrenoceptor gene polymorphisms and asthma risk: an updated meta-analysis.

Background: Evidence is increasingly accumulated about multiple roles for the β2-adrenoceptor gene in asthma. The results were inconsistent partly due to small sample sizes. To assess the association between β2-adrenoceptor gene polymorphisms and asthma risk, a meta-analysis was performed.