Publications by authors named "Yatim N"
This research focuses on investigating the buckling strength of thin-walled composite structures featuring various shapes of holes, laminates, and composite materials. A parametric study is conducted to optimize and identify the most suitable combination of material and structural parameters, ensuring the resilience of structure under both mechanical and thermal loads. Initially, a numerical approach employing the finite element method is used to design the C-section thin-walled composite structure.
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- Aging increases the risk of cancer by affecting how the immune system works, especially in lung tumors.
- Older immune cells lead to the buildup of certain cells that produce IL-1⍺, which makes cancer grow faster.
- By blocking IL-1R1 signaling early on, scientists found they could slow down cancer growth in the lungs, colon, and pancreas, and learned how aging is linked to worse cancer outcomes in humans.
Article Synopsis
- Sarcoidosis is a long-lasting immune disease without a clear cause, and researchers are trying to understand what triggers it and how it progresses.
- The article focuses on the role of myeloid cells in forming granulomas, which are clusters of immune cells associated with the disease, and discusses the concept of innate immune memory as a way to link past environmental exposures to the disease's symptoms.
- Finally, while corticosteroids are the main treatment, the authors suggest that their findings could lead to new treatment strategies for managing sarcoidosis.
Development of natural dye photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells: a review.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
May 2024
Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a photovoltaic device that can be produced from natural source pigments or natural dyes. The selection of natural dyes for DSSC application is currently under research. The utilization of natural dye materials that are easy to obtain, cost-effective, and non-toxic can reduce waste during DSSC fabrication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aims to recover the used coagulants from two water treatment plants via acidification technique. The water treatment sludge (WTS) was acidified with sulfuric acid (H2SO-4) at variable normalities (0.5, 1, 1.
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- Composite laminates are used widely across various industries like aviation, automotive, and civil engineering due to their advanced material properties.
- Recent research emphasizes their significance in automotive, undersea, and structural applications, showcasing both their advantages and the complex challenges they present.
- This Review focuses on summarizing key studies and offering a critical analysis of composite materials, serving as a resource for researchers looking to apply these materials in engineering projects.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the role of platelet activation in influencing mortality rates in COVID-19 patients by analyzing two patient cohorts for blood biomarkers related to platelet activity.
- In cohort A of 208 patients, higher levels of soluble platelet biomarkers were noted in critical patients, linking them to increased in-hospital mortality; however, this association was not significant when adjusting for coagulopathy indicators.
- Results from cohort B, which included nearly 2900 patients, indicated that prior use of antiplatelet medications did not significantly affect mortality outcomes, suggesting that coagulopathy may be a more critical factor in the progression of COVID-19.
Article Synopsis
- Host immunity to SARS-CoV-2 varies widely, leading to outcomes from asymptomatic infection to severe illness, with some patients showing reduced type I interferon levels before clinical deterioration.
- Genetic mutations and neutralizing autoantibodies impacting the interferon-I pathway have been identified as risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
- In hospitalized patients, there is consistently lower responsiveness of interferon-I proteins upon immune stimulation, suggesting a potential reason for the poor effectiveness of interferon-I treatments in advanced COVID-19 cases, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches.
Water contaminated with phosphorus needs to be managed efficiently to ensure that clean water sources will be preserved. Aquaculture plays an essential role in supplying food and generating high revenue. However, the quantity of phosphorus released from aquaculture effluents is among the major concerns for the environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere COVID-19 is associated with hyperactivation of the alternative complement pathway.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
February 2022
Article Synopsis
- Severe COVID-19 is marked by impaired type I interferon activity and inflammation, with the complement system playing a crucial role in the inflammatory response.
- The study examined RNA levels of 28 complement genes in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls, revealing different expression patterns linked to disease severity.
- Findings suggest that the alternative complement pathway is significantly activated in severe cases, with implications for potential treatment strategies targeting this pathway.
Background: The outbreak of chilblain-like lesions (CLL) during the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported extensively, potentially related to SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet its underlying pathophysiology is unclear.
Objectives: To study skin and blood endothelial and immune system activation in CLL in comparison with healthy controls and seasonal chilblains (SC), defined as cold-induced sporadic chilblains occurring during 2015 and 2019 with exclusion of chilblain lupus.
Methods: This observational study was conducted during 9-16 April 2020 at Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 impacts the severity of COVID-19, analyzing antibodies, cytokines, and bacterial communities in patients.
- It finds that high plasma viral load is linked to severe inflammation and the presence of neutralizing antibodies, while nasopharyngeal viral load relates differently to immune responses, showing an inverse relationship with interferon.
- The research highlights how the nasopharyngeal microbiome influences both local and systemic immunity, which can determine whether COVID-19 outcomes are mild or severe.
The COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide, yet the role of antiviral T cell immunity during infection and the contribution of immune checkpoints remain unclear. By prospectively following a cohort of 292 patients with melanoma, half of which treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), we identified 15 patients with acute or convalescent COVID-19 and investigated their transcriptomic, proteomic, and cellular profiles. We found that ICI treatment was not associated with severe COVID-19 and did not alter the induction of inflammatory and type I interferon responses.
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- - The study investigated the relationship between thrombotic events in severe COVID-19 cases and hemostasis dysregulation, aiming to identify soluble markers and gene-expression patterns that reflect disease severity and patient outcomes.
- - Results showed that elevated levels of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) at patient admission correlated with higher severity, predicting the need for intubation and risk of death, with specific cutoff values indicating their predictive power.
- - The findings suggest that platelet activation plays a significant role in the severity of COVID-19, with certain biomarkers like PPBP/CXCL7 and SELPLG identified for predicting intubation; further studies are needed to validate these markers.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of the cholinergic system in COVID-19-induced hypercytokinemia by examining whole-blood expression in patients with varying disease severity.
- Findings reveal that levels of the CHRFAM7A protein were significantly lower in critical COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls, correlating with more severe health issues, such as increased CRP levels and pulmonary damage.
- The results suggest that decreased CHRFAM7A expression may be linked to heightened inflammation and could be a consideration for targeting the cholinergic system in future treatments for COVID-19.
Nutraceuticals from natural sources have shown potential new leads in functional food products. Despite a broad range of health-promoting effects, these compounds are easily oxidized and unstable, making their utilization as nutraceutical ingredients limited. In this study, the encapsulated stingless bees' propolis in liposome was prepared using soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol by thin-film hydration technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The clinical relevance of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) in COVID-19 is controversial. This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and prognostic value of conventional and nonconventional aPLs in patients with COVID-19.
Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective observational study in a French cohort of patients hospitalized with suspected COVID-19.
Article Synopsis
- * Severe and critical cases showed a significant reduction in type I interferon (IFN) responses, leading to high viral loads and heightened inflammation.
- * The inflammation was linked to increased production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, indicating potential targets for combined treatment strategies in severe COVID-19 cases.
Lethal Morel-Lavallée lesion: A forensic radiology-pathology correlation.
Radiol Case Rep
August 2020
Morel Lavallée lesion or closed degloving injury is normally associated with severe trauma and occurs when the skin and subcutaneous fatty tissue traumatically and abruptly separated from the underlying fascia thus creating a potential space filled with fluid. MVA is the commonest etiology but large or lethal Morel Lavallée is extremely rare. A 35 years old, female pillion rider was involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustained injuries to the left pelvis and thigh.
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- COVID-19 can lead to serious complications like endothelial damage, prompting the study of biomarkers in patients requiring ICU care or facing respiratory decline.
- The research involved analyzing plasma samples from 40 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, highlighting significant differences between those admitted to conventional wards and those transferred to ICU concerning various health markers.
- The findings indicated that higher levels of angiopoietin-2 were strongly associated with poor outcomes, making it a useful predictor for ICU admission and supporting the idea of microvascular dysfunction linked to COVID-19.
Article Synopsis
- * This study finds that even after losing membrane integrity, necroptotic cells continue to produce cytokines due to ongoing mRNA translation and intact endoplasmic reticulum.
- * The production of these cytokines from dying cells aids in their uptake by immune cells and enhances immune responses, suggesting a link between cell death and inflammation that boosts the ability of the immune system to recognize necroptotic cells.
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- Influenza A virus (IAV) disrupts metabolic pathways, particularly autophagy, which is linked to inflammation, but the effects on gene expression and cell responses are unclear.
- Researchers created a new cell line to examine how restoring autophagy influences IAV-infected cells, finding that IAV can still induce autophagy without affecting viral replication.
- Importantly, they discovered that when autophagy was functioning, the virus suppressed the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and interferon-β (IFN-β), potentially aiding its replication and spread.