In Vivo Sonoporation Effect Under the Presence of a Large Amount of Micro-Nano Bubbles in Swine Liver.

Objectives: Sonoporation as a method of intracellular drug and gene delivery has not yet progressed to being used in vivo. The aim of this study was to prove the feasibility of sonoporation at a level practical for use in vivo by using a large amount of carbon dioxide micro-nano bubbles.

Methods: The carbon dioxide micro-nano bubbles and 100 mg of cisplatin were intra-arterially injected to the swine livers, and ultrasound irradiation was performed from the surface of the liver under laparotomy during the intra-arterial injection.

Percutaneous Transsplenic Embolization of Gastric Varices in Left-sided Portal Hypertension.

An 81-year-old man with previously diagnosed cancer of the pancreatic body presented with melena and anemia. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed gastric varices with bleeding in the entire stomach. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography identified a splenic vein occlusion resulting from invasion by the pancreatic body cancer and dilated collateral pathways from the splenic hilum to the gastric fundus.

Radiation Exposure and Protection in Computed Tomography Fluoroscopy.

Computed tomography (CT) fluoroscopy-guided procedures, such as those used for percutaneous biopsy, drainage, and radiofrequency ablation, are highly safe and quite often very successful due to the precision offered by the real-time, high-resolution tomographic images. Even so, international guidelines raised concerns regarding operator exposure to high doses of radiation during these procedures. In light of these concerns, operators conducting CT fluoroscopy-guided procedures not only need to be cognizant of the exposure risk but also exhibit sufficient knowledge of radiation protection.

Venous Rupture Following Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Inferior Mesenteric Type II Arteriovenous Malformation.

We treated a 64-year-old man who had an inferior mesenteric arteriovenous malformation with multiple shunts. As multiple varicosities in the draining vein became enlarged, two dilated shunts on the superior rectal and sigmoid colon arteries were coil embolized. Two days after embolization, a varicosity near the shunt (65 mm diameter) ruptured, causing intra-abdominal hemorrhage and surgical hemostasis.

A Case of Percutaneous Transesophageal Jejunostomy after Subtotal Esophagectomy.

An 80-year-old woman who underwent subtotal esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction for esophageal cancer developed carcinoma of the left upper gingiva. The local recurrence of the gingival carcinoma resulted in trismus and prevented oral intake. Then she underwent a percutaneous transesophageal jejunostomy tube placement in the preserved cervical esophagus.

Congenital pulmonary varix: Two case reports.

Rationale: Patients with congenital pulmonary varix are asymptomatic and require no treatment, but the radiological characteristics of a pulmonary varix are similar to those of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, which requires treatment. Pulmonary angiography is useful for obtaining information about the dynamics of pulmonary blood flow to differentiate a pulmonary varix from a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation for the purpose of treatment planning. Two cases of congenital pulmonary varices that were differentiated from pulmonary arteriovenous malformations based on pulmonary angiography findings are presented.

Subcapsular hepatic hematoma: a case of chronic expanding hematoma of the liver.

Background: A chronic expanding hematoma (CEH) enlarges as a result of slight bleeding over several months, and the tissue shows a mixture of blood breakdown products, granulation tissue with capillary ingrowth, and inflammatory tissue. This report presents a case of a subcapsular hepatic CEH that was treated with transarterial embolization (TAE) and hepatectomy.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man presented with vomiting and right-sided abdominal pain.

Thoracoscopic surgery for congenital lung cysts: an attempt to limit pulmonary resection in cases of lesions involving multiple lobes.

Purpose: Although we generally perform thoracoscopic lobectomy for congenital lung cysts (CLCs), we recently began performing thoracoscopic-limited pulmonary resection (segmentectomy or small partial lung resection) on relatively small lesions and on lesions involving multiple lobes. Our study aimed to determine the therapeutic outcomes of thoracoscopic CLC surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients aged ≤ 18 years who underwent their first CLC surgery at our facility between 2013 and 2020.

Evaluation of the antithrombogenicity of poly-2-methoxyethylacrylate-coated catheters.

Background And Objectives: The blood compatibility of indwelling intravascular catheters is facilitated by the use of antithrombogenic materials. Heparin has typically been used for this purpose; however, since heparin-coated catheters are considered combination products, difficulties meeting the relevant Food and Drug Administration safety recommendations have disrupted commercialization. Other issues include coating durability and the occurrence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

Clinical results of transarterial embolization for post-partum hemorrhage in 62 patients.

Aim: The pathology of post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) differs depending on its cause, background and timing of bleeding, and the effectiveness of transarterial embolization (TAE) is thought to vary based on these characteristics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the treatment outcomes of TAE for PPH.

Methods: Technical success, initial clinical success (hemostasis without repeat TAE or surgical treatment after initial TAE) and final clinical success (hemostasis with or without repeat TAE, but without surgical treatment) were assessed in 62 Japanese patients.

Assessment of the Antithrombogenicity of a Poly-2-Methoxyethylacrylate-Coated Central Venous Port-Catheter System.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antithrombogenic effects of poly-2-methoxyethylacrylate (PMEA) coating applied to the internal surfaces of the port-catheter system to prevent thrombotic occlusion.

Materials And Methods: PMEA coating was applied to the inner surfaces of the entire system, including the chamber, catheter, and connecting stem. PMEA-coated and uncoated port-catheter systems were each filled with fresh human blood for 1 or 3 h and then flushed with saline.

Simultaneous Drainage of the Abscess Cavity and Intestinal Tract for an Intra-abdominal Abscess Secondary to Major Leakage: A Case Report.

This case report describes a 72-year-old man who developed an intra-abdominal abscess and major postoperative anastomotic leakage. He reported a history of pancreaticoduodenectomy, partial hepatectomy, and segmental colectomy for hepatic and colonic invasion of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Three catheters, (one in the transverse colon and two in the abscess cavity) were placed simultaneously through the drainage tract formed by the intraoperatively placed Pleats drain.

Provocative angiography for lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Purpose: This study evaluated the results of provocative angiography performed to identify the site of hemorrhage in lower gastrointestinal bleeding to enable transcatheter arterial embolization.

Materials And Methods: The subjects of this study were 11 patients with acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding who underwent provocative angiography, after contrast agent extravasation could not be identified during conventional angiography. One patient underwent provocative angiography twice, making 12 cases of provocative angiography that were analyzed in this study.

Percutaneous Balloon Plasty for Thoracic Duct Occlusion in a Patient with Chylothorax and Chylous Ascites.

A patient developed abdominal distension, dyspnea, and nausea due to chylothorax and chylous ascites 1 month after bruising her back. Lymphangiography was unable to identify the site of lymph leakage, and lymphatic duct embolization was impractical. However, lymphangiography showed occlusion of the thoracic duct.

Central venous access port placement by translumbar approach using angio-CT unit in patients with superior vena cava syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of central venous access port (CV port) placement by translumbar inferior vena cava cannulation using angio-CT unit for cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome.

Materials And Methods: A CV port was placed by translumbar inferior vena cava cannulation using an angio-CT unit, in 14 consecutive patients. All patients had occlusion or advanced stenosis of the superior vena cava due to cancer progression.

Transvenous Retrograde Thoracic Ductography: Initial Experience with 13 Consecutive Cases.

Purpose: To report the feasibility and findings of transvenous retrograde thoracic duct cannulation.

Materials And Methods: The subjects were 13 patients who had undergone retrograde transvenous thoracic ductography. Despite conservative treatment, all required drainage for chylothorax, chylous ascites, or a chylous pericardial effusion.

Sclerotherapy for Rectal Varices by a Small-Bore Needle Puncture Through the Greater Sciatic Foramen.

Purpose: To report a sclerotherapy technique for rectal varices consisting of direct puncture of the superior rectal vein with a small-bore sheathed needle via the greater sciatic foramen without insertion of a sheath or catheter.

Materials And Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were three consecutive patients who underwent embolization of rectal varices, two for rupture of rectal varices and one for hepatic encephalopathy and hyperammonemia. A 5% solution of ethanolamine oleate with iodinated contrast agent (5% EOI) was injected through puncture of the superior rectal vein and carried in the blood flow, after which n-butyl cyanoacrylate mixed with lipiodol (NBCA-Lip) was immediately injected to stop the blood flow.

The influence of parental care and overprotection, neuroticism and adult stressful life events on depressive symptoms in the general adult population.

Background: The quality of parenting, neuroticism, and adult stressful life events are reportedly associated with depressive symptoms. However, previous studies have not examined the complex interaction between these three factors. In this study, we hypothesized that the quality of parenting (care and overprotection) acts on depressive symptoms through 'neuroticism' and the appraisal of adult stressful life events, and this hypothesis was verified by structural equation modeling.

Childhood parental bonding affects adulthood trait anxiety through self-esteem.

Introduction: The association between trait anxiety and parental bonding has been suggested. However, the mechanism remains uncertain and there is no study focused on general adult population. We investigated the association and the mechanism between childhood parental bonding and adulthood trait anxiety in the general adult population.

Risk factors for thoracic and spinal deformities following lung resection in neonates, infants, and children.

Purpose: We aimed to identify the risk factors for thoracic and spinal deformities following lung resection during childhood and to elucidate whether thoracoscopic surgery reduces the risk of complications after lung resection.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the medical records of all pediatric patients who underwent lung resection for congenital lung disease at our institution between 1989 and 2014.

Results: Seventy-four patients underwent lung resection during the study period and were followed-up.

Long-term outcomes after revision of Kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia.

Background: The indications for and efficacy of revision of portoenterostomy (PE) for biliary atresia (BA) needs to be reassessed in an era of liver transplantation. We therefore reviewed the long-term outcomes following revision of PE.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of the medical records of patients with BA who underwent PE and revision of PE.