[Comparison of Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisolone and Combined Androgen Blockade in High-risk Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer].

Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone/prednisolone (AAP) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was approved for the treatment of high-risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) in Japan in 2018. We investigated 22 patients with mHSPC showing ≥2 of 3 high-risk factors (Gleason score ≥8, ≥3 bone lesions or measurable visceral metastases) who received AAP plus ADT at our hospital between March 2018 and October 2019. We compared outcomes between the propensity-score matched AAP plus ADT group and the combined androgen blockade (CAB) group (19 matched pairs, 38 patients) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AAP plus ADT.

Nationwide, Multicenter, Retrospective Study on High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy as Monotherapy for Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: To present, analyze, and discuss results of a nationwide, multicenter, retrospective study on high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) as monotherapy for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: From 1995 through 2013, 524 patients, 73 (14%) with low-risk, 207 (40%) with intermediate-risk, and 244 (47%) with high-risk prostate cancer, were treated with HDR-BT as monotherapy at 5 institutions in Japan. Dose fractionations were 27 Gy/2 fractions for 69 patients (13%), 45.

Trousseau's syndrome caused by bladder cancer producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and parathyroid hormone-related protein: A case report.

The present study reports a rare case of bladder cancer that caused Trousseau's syndrome, a malignancy-associated hypercoagulative state leading to venous or arterial thrombosis. A 38-year-old Japanese female patient experienced a sudden onset of visual field defects and lower limb weakness. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging revealed multi-regional hypointense areas compatible with acute cerebral infarction.

Add-on anticholinergic therapy for residual nocturia in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms receiving α1-blocker treatment: a multi-centre, prospective, randomised study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of imidafenacin (IM), a novel short half-life anticholinergic, as add-on therapy for male LUTS with nocturia and nocturnal polyuria.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-labelled study was conducted and involved men who had frequency, urgency, and nocturia despite receiving a stable dose of α1-blocker for ≥1 month. Subjects were randomised to control (α1-blocker alone), IM twice/day (α1-blocker +0.

Urethtral approach in retroperitoneoscopic radical prostatectomy: a novel technique for safe prostate dissection.

Background And Objectives: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) remains technically challenging and is associated with a steep learning curve. Prostate apex dissection (PAD) is one the most challenging elements of LRP. This study describes a novel technique for PAD using a transurethral approach (urethral assistance).

The effect of selective renal parenchymal clamping during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy on early postoperative renal function: a preliminary report.

Purpose: A major concern when performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) is potential postoperative renal dysfunction. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of LPN with selective renal parenchymal clamping (SRPC) (LPNSRPC) and LPN using microwave tissue coagulation (MTC) (LPNMTC) on postoperative renal function.

Materials And Methods: This study included 12 patients (5 men and 7 women) who underwent LPNSRPC (n = 6) or LPNMTC (n = 6) for exophytic tumors.

The prognostic significance of loss of the androgen receptor and neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate biopsy specimens among castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of mortality, and despite good response to androgen ablation this response is eventually lost. In the present study, androgen receptor (AR) expression and neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) were evaluated in hormone-sensitive (HSPC) and castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC). Prostate tissues were obtained from 20 HSPC patients at diagnosis and 28 CRPC patients at castration-resistant progression.

Factors influencing patient satisfaction with antimuscarinic treatment of overactive bladder syndrome: results of a real-life clinical study.

Objectives: To investigate patient satisfaction with antimuscarinic treatment of overactive bladder syndrome, and to identify factors having a significant influence on satisfaction.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out to assess treatment satisfaction among male and female patients with overactive bladder (age ≥20 years) in the Hokuriku district of Japan. The overactive bladder symptom scores, treatment efficacies, adverse events (dry mouth and constipation), and patient satisfaction scores were investigated and compared among patients using different antimuscarinic therapeutics.

Laparoscopic resection of adrenal and extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma.

Background And Purpose: Laparoscopic resection of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (EAPs) necessitates meticulous surgical procedures because of changes in anatomic disposition and/or proximity to major blood vessels. Complete resection can be traumatic and may cause an increase in catecholamine levels. We present our experiences with laparoscopic resection of EAP (LEAP) and compare the intraoperative hemodynamics with those during laparoscopic resection of adrenal pheochromocytoma (LAP).

Expression of Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type-1 (HAI-1) in prostate cancer.

Background: Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type-1 (HAI-1) inhibits hepatocyte growth factor activator and matriptase. In the present study it was investigated whether the expression of HAI-1 is associated with the progression of prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: The expression of HAI-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of samples from 51 patients with negative prostate biopsies and 75 patients with untreated prostate cancer.

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate after high-dose-rate brachytherapy for low-risk prostatic adenocarcinoma.

In the present study, we describe an 80-year-old patient who developed prostatic small cell carcinoma (SCC) following high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) for low-risk prostatic adenocarcinoma. The patient received one implant of Ir-192 and 7 fractions of 6.5 Gy within 3.

Efficacy of DynaCT for surgical navigation during complex laparoscopic surgery: an initial experience.

Background: Precise understanding of surgical anatomy is required during complex laparoscopic surgery (CLS). The purpose of this study was to present our initial operative experience with CLS facilitated by surgical navigation through DynaCT technology.

Methods: Intraoperative computed tomography (CT) images of two CLS cases were obtained by a C-arm DynaCT system (Artis Zeego, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany).

Efficacy of laparoendoscopic single-site biopsy for diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumor of unknown origin.

Background And Purpose: When percutaneous image-guided biopsies are not possible for retroperitoneal tumor of unknown origin (RTUO), surgical tissue diagnosis becomes necessary. Laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery are current standard treatments; however, the laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) approach offers many potential benefits. We describe our technique for LESS biopsy of RTUO.

Use of the Laparoscope Holder for Liver Retraction during Urological Laparoscopic Surgery.

Purpose: During laparoscopy, as in open surgery, exposure is critical. Here, we describe the use of a laparoscope holder to facilitate the liver lift during urological laparoscopic surgery.

Materials And Methods: Laparoscopic right radical nephrectomy (n = 3), partial nephrectomy (n = 1), and adrenalectomy (n = 2) were performed with 4 ports.

Early quality of life outcomes in patients with prostate cancer managed by high-dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy.

Objectives: To evaluate the early quality of life outcomes in prostate cancer patients managed by high-dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy.

Methods: A total of 51 patients with cT1c-T3aN0M0 prostate cancer treated between July 2007 and January 2010 were included in this study. The average age was 69 years, and the average initial serum prostate-specific antigen was 10.

Rapidly progressing renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations: a case report.

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations is frequently reported in children, but adult-onset is rare. Here, the case of an adult male who developed a renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.

Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy under near real-time three-dimensional surgical navigation with C-arm cone beam computed tomography.

Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the advantages of C-arm cone beam computed tomography for imaging guidance of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN).

Methods: Four patients referred to the authors' institution for LRN were included in this study. To visualize the renal vascular anatomy, the Iopamiron 300 contrast agent was injected intravenously.

Selective renal parenchymal clamping in retroperitoneal partial nephrectomy.

Objective: Herein, we report our experience with retroperitoneoscopic partial nephrectomy (RPN) without hilar occlusion by the use of a laparoscopic clamp to induce selective regional ischemia.

Methods: A 48-year-old woman was referred for a left upper polar renal mass, which was suspected to be malignant. The contralateral kidney revealed severe atrophy, and she was scheduled to undergo RPN using a laparoscopic clamp to induce selective regional ischemia.

Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy for symptomatic hydronephrosis using a SAND balloon catheter.

Introduction: A retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy (RN) for symptomatic hydronephrosis (SH) is a challenging procedure because of the limited working space. This report describes a specific technical modification for efficient and successful RN for SH by using the SAND balloon catheter.

Patient And Methods: A 38-year-old woman underwent RN for SH caused by extrinsic compression of the ureter by a pelvic endometriosis.

Serum active hepatocyte growth factor (AHGF) in benign prostatic disease and prostate cancer.

Background: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is secreted as an inactive single-chain precursor called pro-HGF. Pro-HGF is converted to an active two-chain form by HGF activator and matriptase. We attempted to clarify whether serum levels of active HGF (AHGF) could be used as a marker of prostate cancer.

[Effect of Goshajinkigan on storage symptoms in prostatic disease--fundamental researches of Chinese herbal medicine for voiding dysfunction and its future aspects].

At present, patients with lower urinary tract symptoms, including storage symptoms, caused by prostatic disease are predominantly treated with alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist and anticholinergic agents. However, some patients are not improved by this treatment. We investigated the efficacy of Goshajinkigan in 25 patients with prostatic disease in whom pollakisuria was not improved by treatment with drugs for lower urinary tract symptoms.

[The efficacy of portable 3-dimensional ultrasound scanning device (Bladder Scan BVI6100) for measurement of residual urine volume--comparison with transabdominal ultrasound estimation].

In 177 patients, we evaluated the efficacy of a portable 3-dimensional ultrasound scanning device (Bladder Scan BVI6100) in measurement for residual urine volume, compared with transabdominal ultrasound estimation, using values measured by urethral catheterization as actual values. A high correlation was demonstrated between values measured by BVI6100 and actual values. Error rates of the values measured by BVI6100 male mode, female mode and transabdominal ultrasound estimation to actual values were 42.

Urachal signet ring cell carcinoma.

Urachal adenocarcinoma is a rare neoplasm associated with poor prognosis. We report a case of urachal signet ring cell carcinoma in a 65-year-old man. He was admitted with a chief complaint of microscopic hematuria.