Approach to frontal sinus via five frontal sinus drainage pathways.

Purpose: This study aimed to validate a method for successful frontal sinus surgery. The method classifies the frontal sinus drainage pathway (FSDP) into five categories based on three bony walls of the anterior ethmoid sinus, including the uncinate process (UP), accessory uncinate process (UPa), and basal lamella of the ethmoid bulla (BLEB), which was tested in actual surgical procedures.

Methods: This study analyzed 53 sides of 48 patients who underwent frontal sinus surgery between October 2022 and March 2023.

Annexin A1 is a cell-intrinsic metalloregulator of zinc in human ILC2s.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) produce large amounts of type 2 cytokines including interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-13 in response to various stimuli, causing allergic and eosinophilic diseases. However, the cell-intrinsic regulatory mechanisms of human ILC2s remain unclear. Here, we analyze human ILC2s derived from different tissues and pathological conditions and identify ANXA1, encoding annexin A1, as a commonly highly expressed gene in non-activated ILC2s.

Anterior ethmoid and frontal sinus drainage pathways: five patterns formed and defined by their bony walls.

Purpose: To perform endoscopic sinus surgery safely and effectively, surgeons need to visualize the complex anatomy of the anterior ethmoid and frontal sinus region. Because this anatomy is so variable and individualized, the foundation of understanding lies in identifying, following, and visualizing the drainage pathway patterns and anticipating possible variations.

Methods: We studied 100 sides (50 cases: 22 male, 28 female, aged 12-86, average age 46.

Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism in nasal polyp-derived eosinophils from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Eosinophils are multifunctional granulocytes capable of releasing various cytokines, chemokines, and lipid mediators. We previously reported dysregulated fatty acid metabolism in peripheral blood-derived eosinophils from patients with severe asthma. However, functional characteristics of eosinophils present in allergic inflammatory tissues remain largely uncharacterized.

Pretreatment monocyte counts and neutrophil counts predict the risk for febrile neutropenia in patients undergoing TPF chemotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most serious hematologic toxicity of systemic chemotherapy. However, accurate prediction of FN development has been difficult because the risk varies largely depending on the chemotherapy regimen and various individual factors.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed diverse clinical factors including pretreatment hematological parameters to clarify the reliable predictors of FN development during chemotherapy with a docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (TPF) regimen in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Minimally invasive endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy for the prevention of maxillary sinusitis in association with dental implantation in the posterior maxilla--a proposal.

Penetration of the maxillary sinus floor membrane during sinus lift occasionally induces maxillary sinusitis. However, maxillary sinusitis may still develop even when its floor membrane has been kept intact during such procedures. The decisive factor for the occurrence of maxillary sinusitis is not the integrity of the membrane; more important is the patency of the maxillary sinus natural ostium.

Cholesterol granuloma surrounding the endolymphatic sac.

We report a unique case of cholesterol granuloma (CG) surrounding the endolymphatic sac (ES). A 49-year-old man presented with the left side of sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging revealed a CG surrounding the left ES.

[Two cases of Meniere's disease with drop attacks].

Drop attacks are sudden falls without concurrent vertigo whose etiology may be unknown. Drop attacks are also associated with cardiac, cerebrovascular, psychogenic, and vestibular disorders, in addition to seizures. Vestibular-based drop attacks without loss of consciousness can occur in patients with Meniere's disease.

Synchronous oncocytoma and Warthin's tumor in the ipsilateral parotid gland.

We encountered an 81-year-old Japanese man with oncocytoma of the parotid gland occurring simultaneously with a Warthin's tumor in the ipsilateral parotid gland. The patient complained of swelling in the right infra-auricular region. Computed tomographic images, magnetic resonance images, and ultrasonography showed two masses in the right parotid gland.

Intramucosal PCO2 measurement as a new monitoring method of free jejunal transfer following pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy.

The choices for practical monitoring of free jejunal transfer have been quite limited because of its own characteristics, such as buried form, lack of skin surface, and the structure of a hollow viscous tract. Physiologically, it is known that tissue hypoxia caused by compromised perfusion leads to an increase of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2). Because of its physiological properties, the diffusion of carbon dioxide is always equilibrated between the mucosa of a hollow viscous organ and its lumen.