Gastrointestinal bleeding risk of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants is similar to warfarin - a Japanese retrospective cohort study .

Background And Aim: Although several non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants have been developed to prevent cardiogenic thrombosis, the status of hemorrhagic complications in the clinical setting among Asian populations, including Japan, remains unclear. We conducted this retrospective cohort study to clarify the current status of hemorrhagic events during antithrombotic therapy with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants, with particular focus on gastrointestinal bleeding.

Methods: Medical charts of 475 patients prescribed dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban between April 2011 and September 2014 were reviewed to examine whether any hemorrhagic events occurred, compared with 135 patients who received warfarin between April 2009 and March 2011.

Endoscopic removal of a denture with clasps impacted in the ileocecum.

We report a case of endoscopic removal of a denture with clasps impacted in the ileocecum. The patient was a 63-year-old man hospitalized at another center with aspiration pneumonia. He had a history of cerebral bleeding, inflicted permanent damage with left hemiplegia, and dysphagia.

[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely used antidepressants characterized by less-frequent adverse effects compared with classical anti-depressive agents. On the other hand, SSRI can cause hemorrhagic events more due to impaired platelet aggregation induced by a depletion of serotonin in the peripheral platelet. Epidemiological studies have indicated that patients taking SSRI are predisposed to gastrointestinal hemorrhage, especially in case that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed concomitantly.

Right recumbent position on gastric emptying of water evidenced by (13)C breath testing.

Aim: To compare the impact of the right recumbent position with the sitting position on gastric emptying of water.

Methods: In eight healthy male volunteers, the 13C acetate breath test was performed twice to assess gastric emptying of 100 mL tap water. Subjects were seated in one test and lying on their right side in the other.

Severe erosive esophagitis developing after gastric ulcer formation.

A 90-year-old woman visited to our institute due to postprandial obstructive sensation of the esophagus. She had suffered from ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus, and taken low-dose aspirin for prophylaxis. She also had a history of a large ulcer located on the upper gastric body at 81 years-old.

Metronidazole-induced neurotoxicity developed in liver cirrhosis.

A 68 year-old-male with hepatitis C-positive liver cirrhosis was admitted because of liver abscess. After metronidazole was initiated against the infection, mental disturbance appeared. Hepatic encephalopathy was suspected at first, however, the brain MRI showed hyperintense lesion of the bilateral basal dendric nuclei which indicated metronidazole-associated encephalopathy.

Gastric emptying in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis.

Objectives: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and its extrapancreatic lesions seem to be clinical manifestations of organs involved in IgG4-related systemic disease. To clarify whether the stomach is a target organ, gastric function was evaluated in patients with AIP.

Methods: In 6 patients with AIP, gastric emptying was assessed by Carbon 13 (¹³C) acetate breath test before and after steroid therapy.

[Treatment and prevention of NSAIDs-induced gastrointestinal injury--the role of gastroenterologist].

According to many clinical researches, it is obvious that patients taking NSAIDs including low-dose aspirin have upper GI injury frequently than those without. Recently, the GI event of those medicines becomes more serious clinical problem in Japan in which aging population is getting larger year by year. Evaluation of GI risk and appropriate use of anti -ulcer drugs, especially proton-pump inhibitors, are recommended for the prevention.

Endoscopic hemostasis techniques for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A review.

Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) is an urgent disease that is often encountered in daily medical practice. Endoscopic hemostasis is currently indispensable for the treatment of UGIH. Initially, when UGIH is suspected, a cause of UGIH is presumed from the medical interview and physical findings.

Gastroduodenal mucosal injury in patients taking low-dose aspirin and the role of gastric mucoprotective drugs: possible effect of rebamipide.

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of mucosal injury in patients taking low-dose aspirin in Japan and examine the effect of gastric mucoprotective drugs on aspirin-related gastroduodenal toxicity. We selected 530 patients who had taken low-dose aspirin for 1 month or more after undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy from 2005 through 2006 at Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Endoscopic records were retrospectively reviewed to determine the presence of massive bleeding and mucosal injury (ulcer or erosion).

Arousals in obstructive sleep apnea patients with laryngopharyngeal and gastroesophageal reflux.

Objective: We hypothesized that differences exist in the effect of apnea severity and those of laryngopharyngeal reflex (LPR) versus gastroesophageal reflex (GER) on arousals during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: Japanese patients having witnessed snoring or excessive daytime sleepiness with a frequency scale for symptoms of GER of 10 or more or with visualization of inflammatory changes on pharyngolaryngeal endoscopy underwent polysomnography with pH monitoring using double pH catheter in a sleep laboratory.

Results: Most reflux events in patients with severe OSAS with LPR (n=16) and GER (n=21) were accompanied with respiratory arousals.

Prevalence of erosive esophagitis among Japanese patients taking low-dose aspirin.

Background And Aim: The risk for erosive esophagitis (EE) with low-dose aspirin (ASA) remains unknown, especially among Japanese patients. We conducted the present study to compare the risk of EE with that of gastroduodenal mucosal injury among Japanese patients taking ASA.

Methods: From 5555 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from January 2005 to December 2006 at Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 159 patients (76 males and 83 females, mean age: 69.

Effects of proton pump inhibitors on gastric emptying: a systematic review.

The proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is widely used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer diseases, and functional dyspepsia. The pathogenesis of these acid-related and/or functional upper gastrointestinal disorders is potentially associated with abnormal gastric emptying. To date, variable effects of PPIs on gastric emptying have been reported.

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection using RAPIRUN H. pylori antibody detection kit.

Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is essential in today's clinical settings. Additionally, because of the widespread prevalence of this infection, noninvasive and convenient techniques are required for screening purposes. RAPIRUN H.

No relationship between plasma desacyl-ghrelin levels and rabeprazole-related delay in gastric emptying : controlled study in healthy volunteers.

Background And Objective: Recent studies have indicated that rabeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, delays gastric emptying. However, the mechanism of action remains unclear. We conducted this study to clarify whether desacyl-ghrelin (the inactive form of the endogenous growth hormone secretagogue receptor ghrelin) is involved in rabeprazole-induced changes in gastric motor function.

Retention, fixation, and loss of the [13C] label: a review for the understanding of gastric emptying breath tests.

A [13C]-breath test is a promising method for measuring gastric emptying. The methodological relevance is based on a close correspondence between gastric emptying of [13C]-acetate/octanoate (input) and pulmonary excretion of [13CO2] (output). Despite the close input-output correspondence, the pulmonary output is quite remote from the gastric input: the pulmonary output is delayed compared to the gastric input, and the total recovery of [13CO2] in the breath is incomplete.