Improvement of image quality for small lesion sizes in F-FDG prone breast silicon photomultiplier-based PET/CT imaging.

Objectives: We investigated image quality and standardized uptake values (SUVs) for different lesion sizes using clinical data generated by F-FDG-prone breast silicon photomultiplier (SiPM)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Methods: We evaluated the effect of point-spread function (PSF) modeling and Gaussian filtering (Gau) and determined the optimal reconstruction conditions. We compared the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast, %coefficient of variation (%CV), SUV, and Likert scale score between ordered-subset expectation maximization (OSEM) time-of-flight (TOF) and OSEM+TOF+PSF in phantom and clinical studies.

Fallopian tube carcinoma mimicking inguinal hernia: A case report with imaging and histological insights.

Fallopian tube carcinoma, presenting as an inguinal hernia, is a rare entity. We report the case of a woman in her 70s with a history of hysterectomy and right oophorectomy 29 years prior who presented with left cervical lymphadenopathy and elevated CA125 levels. Imaging revealed a tubular structure in the left pelvic region extending into the inguinal hernia sac.

Case report on ureteral amyloidosis that was incidentally diagnosed in a patient with malignant lymphoma.

Herein, we report a rare case of localized ureteral amyloidosis in a patient with malignant lymphoma. A 73-year-old female patient visited our institution for a comprehensive examination and treatment of malignant lymphoma. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed left hydronephrosis and a left lower ureteral mass.

[Effect of Training Data Differences on Accuracy in MR Image Generation Using Pix2pix].

Purpose: Using a magnetic resonance (MR) image generation technique with deep learning, we elucidated whether changing the training data patterns affected image generation accuracy.

Methods: The pix2pix training model generated T1-weighted images from T2-weighted images or FLAIR images. Head MR images obtained at our hospital were used in this study.

Successful revascularization of the occluded anterior tibial artery using ultrasound-guided puncture of the occluded dorsal pedal artery: A case report with literature review.

A bidirectional approach is necessary for treating critical limb ischemia with complex, multiple lesions. We report an ultrasound-guided bidirectional puncture through an occluded vessel to treat an obstruction extending from the anterior tibial artery to the dorsal foot artery in a patient with toe gangrene and rest pain. This technique effectively restored arterial patency and is a promising approach for managing challenging critical limb ischemia occlusions.

Color-coded circulation for visualizing swirling flow with a 3-dimensional helical stent in the superficial femoral artery.

Color-coded circulation is a display method that generates dynamic color-coded images based on the time of arrival of contrast agents using parametric imaging to create video displays. By cyclically displaying information in color according to the arrival time of the contrast agent at each pixel, anatomical blood vessel paths and blood flow information can be simultaneously visualized. Three-dimensional (3D) helical stents increase wall shear stress due to swirling flow and prevent intimal hyperplasia.

Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy of the pancreas mimicking liposarcoma: A case report.

Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy of the pancreas (LPH) is a rare disease in which the pancreatic parenchyma is replaced with mature adipose tissue. It is an idiopathic condition whose diagnosis is made based on histopathological analyses. Herein, we report the case of a 50-year-old male patient with a lipomatous mass in the head of the pancreas on computed tomography for close examination of a renal tumor.

Evaluation of Local Vascular Perfusion in the Lower Extremities on Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging before and after Endovascular Therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate improvement in local vascular perfusion of the lower limbs on intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging after endovascular therapy (EVT).

Materials And Methods: IVIM imaging was performed on 20 lower limbs of 16 patients with lower extremity arterial diseases before and after EVT. To estimate IVIM, diffusion-weighted lower-limb axial images (number of slices = 25 and slice thickness = 3.

Exploration of tumor size measurement methods in preoperative breast cancer assessment using whole-body silicon photomultiplier PET: feasibility and first results.

Purpose: Whole-body silicon photomultiplier positron emission tomography (WB SiPM PET) could be used to diagnose breast cancer spread before lumpectomy. We aimed to investigate the method of measuring the tumor size by WB SiPM PET as a basis for diagnosing breast cancer spread in the breast.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 35 breast cancer lesions in 32 patients who underwent WB SiPM PET/CT in the prone position as preoperative breast cancer examinations from September 2020 to March 2022.

Acute abdomen by red degeneration of a parasitic leiomyoma: A case report and literature review.

A 43-year-old woman, with a history of uterine fibroids and multiple myomectomy, presented with acute lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed multiple tumors, including a high-density mass in the left lower abdomen indicative of a parasitic leiomyoma undergoing red degeneration. This uncommon condition is due to acute occlusion, often caused by peripheral venous thrombosis at the fibroid edge.

A case of breast cancer: Suppression of lactation-related FDG uptake 2 days after cabergoline administration.

We present a case of a 35-year-old woman with breast cancer in lactation 3 months after childbirth, in which a lactation inhibitor was useful for 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. Via ultrasonography and biopsy with histopathology, we diagnosed the lesion in the upper region of the left breast as invasive ductal carcinoma. She stopped breastfeeding and was administered cabergoline to suppress lactation.

Radiological Features of T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma on Axial Unenhanced Computed Tomography.

CT has become a commonly used diagnostic procedure in clinical practice, particularly in emergency healthcare delivery. Accordingly, the increase in CT usage has increased the likelihood of incidental detections (ID) of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). This article discusses key points and limitations associated with the diagnosis and characterization of T1a RCC (≤4 cm in diameter) and shows how to improvise on the differentiation of T1a RCC with unenhanced CT (UE-CT).

Three-dimensional velocity vector image obtained via 4-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging for in-stent flow visualization in the superficial femoral artery.

The assessment of stent lumen patency via non-contrast-enhanced 2-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (2D TOF MRA) is complex due to stent-related artifacts. However, an imaging technique using the phase-contrast method, which can reduce susceptibility to artifact, is available. Herein, we report the use of 3-dimensional velocity vector image obtained via 4-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) for in-stent flow visualization after stent development in the right superficial femoral artery.

HomotopicLI: Rationale, characteristics, and implications of a new threshold-free lateralization index of functional magnetic resonance imaging.

The reliable preoperative estimation of brain hemispheric asymmetry may be achieved through multiple lateralization indices using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Adding to our previously developed AveLI, we devised a novel threshold-free lateralization index, HomotopicLI, which computes a basic formula, (Left - Right) / (Left + Right), using voxel values of pairs located symmetrically in relation to the midsagittal line as the terms Left and Right, and averages them within the regions-of-interest. The study aimed to evaluate HomotopicLI before clinical applications.

Clinical Significance of F-fluorodeoxyglucose and Glucose Transporter 1 mRNA in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake measurement on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is difficult in renal tumors because of the nearby renal parenchyma and urinary tract, which excrete FDG. We carefully examined the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) on FDG-PET/CT and investigated the relationship between major glucose transporters in the kidney and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression.

Patients And Methods: Forty-five patients with ccRCC underwent FDG-PET/CT for staging and nephrectomy.

Diagnostic performance of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT for regional lymph node metastases in patients with primary prostate cancer: a multicenter phase II clinical trial.

Objective: This multicenter, phase II clinical trial evaluated the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluciclovine, a novel amino acid for positron-emission tomography (PET), for detection of small lymph node metastases with short-axis diameters of 5-10 mm in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients with prostate cancer were eligible after screening of laboratory tests and pelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Pelvic region 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT was then acquired within 28 days and dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed within 60 days of pelvic contrast-enhanced CT.

Liposarcoma of the uterine corpus: A case report and literature review.

Liposarcoma of the uterine corpus is extremely rare. We performed a laparotomy on a 55-year-old woman with the complaints of abdominal distension and genital bleeding who was found to have a uterine tumor, 17 × 16 cm in diameter. The preoperative diagnosis was a lipoma or lipoleiomyoma of the uterine corpus.

Significant changes of T2 value in the peripheral zone and seminal vesicles after ejaculation.

Objectives: To analyse the quantitative changes of the prostate and seminal vesicles (SV) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after ejaculation.

Methods: Ten healthy young males were enrolled for T2-weighted and T2 mapping MRI before and after two consecutive ejaculations. T2 values of the peripheral zone (PZ) and the central gland (CG) at the midgland of the prostate were compared before and after ejaculation, respectively.