Bone mineral density around the knee after open wedge high tibial osteotomy measured up to 24 months in 51 patients.

Purpose: To evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with varus knee osteoarthritis treated with open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). We hypothesised that medial condyle BMD would decrease and lateral condyle BMD would increase after OWHTO.

Methods: Overall, 51 patients (mean age: 65.

The relationship between the ''Fujisawa point'' and anatomical femorotibial angle following simulated open wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Background: We evaluated the relationship between the weight-bearing line (WBL) ratio and anatomical femorotibial angle (FTA) by simulated open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). This study evaluated the correlation between the ''Fujisawa point'' and FTA, and identified factors which caused deviations between the two measurement methods. We hypothesized that the Fujisawa point corresponded with 170° of the FTA.

Can double-level osteotomy prevent patellofemoral osteoarthritis progression compared with open wedge high tibial osteotomy?

Purpose: To compare radiographic, clinical, and arthroscopic findings in patellofemoral (PF) osteoarthritis (OA) between open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and double-level osteotomy (DLO) with the same operative indication.

Methods: After adjustment for patient age, and coronal alignment, 36 knees with OWHTO alone and 36 knees with DLO were compared. Radiographic, clinical, and arthroscopic findings were documented before osteotomy.

Rotational Changes in the Distal Tibial Fragment Relative to the Proximal Tibial Fragment at the Osteotomy Site after Open-Wedge High-Tibial Osteotomy.

The present study is aimed at assessing the changes in tibial rotation at the osteotomy site after an open-wedge, high-tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and analysing the factors that affect rotational changes in the distal tibial fragment relative to the proximal tibial fragment at the same site. This study involved 53 patients (60 knees; 16 males and 37 females) with medial osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent OWHTO and preoperative and 3-month postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Rotational angles of the distal tibia were measured using Stryker OrthoMap 3D by comparing preoperative and postoperative CTs.

Joint line obliquity was maintained after double-level osteotomy, but was increased after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: To compare the radiographic, clinical, and arthroscopic outcomes of varus osteoarthritic knees treated with an open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) alone or with a double-level osteotomy (DLO). It was hypothesized that treatment with DLO would maintain the joint line obliquity (JLO) and acquire better arthroscopic and clinical outcomes after surgery than OWHTO alone.

Methods: Knees with predicted medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) > 95° were treated with OWHTO alone or with DLO.

Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy using intraoperative control of joint line convergence angle with reference to preoperative supine radiograph.

Introduction: Preoperative supine joint line convergence angle (JLCA) correlates with postoperative standing JLCA. Here, we compared the radiographic and clinical outcomes of knees with preoperative JLCAs of ≥ 4° and < 4° in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). We hypothesized that the postoperative coronal alignment in both groups would not be affected by a change in JLCA if this change could predict before surgery.

Relationship between lower limb torsion and coronal morphologies of the femur and tibia in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.

Background: To investigate the relationship between femoral or tibial torsion and hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), or mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: A total of 75 knees were enrolled. Femoral and tibial torsions were measured by superimposing the axial planes of computed tomography images.

Lateral hinge fracture delays healing of the osteotomy gap in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with a beta-tricalcium phosphate block.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the healing process of synthetic bone grafts in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and to identify the factors that affect bone healing in OWHTO. It was hypothesized that lateral hinge fracture (LHF) is associated with delayed bone healing after OWHTO with synthetic bone grafting.

Methods: The subjects included 350 knees of 283 patients who underwent OWHTO using two wedged blocks of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with 60% porosity.

Joint line convergence angle predicts outliers of coronal alignment in navigated open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Introduction: Using a navigation system in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) has higher accuracy than using the conventional method. However, unintentional over- and under-correction still exist. This study aimed to compare various factors related to over- and under-correction and to assess their predictive factors in the preoperative radiographs.

Effect of Increased Coronal Inclination of the Tibial Plateau After Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

Purpose: To assess whether the increased inclination of the tibial plateau on the coronal view after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy affects radiographic coronal alignment, clinical outcomes, and cartilage findings.

Methods: After adjustment for the preoperative medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), patients who underwent opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy were retrospectively divided into those with postoperative MPTA values of 95° or less (normal group) and greater than 95° (increased group), with each group containing 43 knees. The 2 groups were compared regarding their arthroscopic cartilage findings at 1 year postoperatively and radiographic coronal alignment and clinical outcomes at 2 years postoperatively.

Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Using Combined Computed Tomography-Based and Image-Free Navigation System.

For opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO), it is recommended that the osteotomy line is parallel to the medial tibial posterior slope (TPS) in the sagittal view and that the alignments are simultaneously controlled in the coronal and sagittal views. Here combined computed tomography (CT)-based and image-free navigation systems were used for intraoperative reference during OWHTO. Using the CT-based navigation, 2 entry points for insertion of Kirschner wires were preoperatively set up and an accurate osteotomy plane was intraoperatively duplicated.

Combined CT-based and image-free navigation systems in TKA reduces postoperative outliers of rotational alignment of the tibial component.

Introduction: Rotational malpositioning of the tibial component can lead to poor functional outcome in TKA. Although various surgical techniques have been proposed, precise rotational placement of the tibial component was difficult to accomplish even with the use of a navigation system. The purpose of this study is to assess whether combined CT-based and image-free navigation systems replicate accurately the rotational alignment of tibial component that was preoperatively planned on CT, compared with the conventional method.

Mosaic Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation Versus Bone Marrow Stimulation Technique as a Concomitant Procedure With Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Medial Femoral Condyle.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT) mosaicplasty as a concomitant procedure with opening-wedge valgus high tibial osteotomy (HTO) for spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle (MFC) on clinical outcomes and cartilage status in comparison with bone marrow stimulation (BMS) by drilling, and to assess the relation between lesion size and postoperative cartilage status.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with spontaneous osteonecrosis of the MFC were treated with opening-wedge HTO and a concomitant procedure of BMS (28 patients) or OAT (30 patients). Clinical evaluation was carried out using the Knee Society Score at postoperative 2 years.

Primary stability of different plate positions and the role of bone substitute in open wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical fixation strengths of anteromedial and medial plate positions in osteotomy, and clarify the effects of bone substitute placement into the osteotomy site.

Methods: Twenty-eight sawbone tibia models were used. Four different models were prepared: Group A, the osteotomy site was open and the plate position was anteromedial; Group B, bone substitutes were inserted into the osteotomy site and the plate position was anteromedial; Group C, the osteotomy site was open and the plate position was medial; and Group D, bone substitutes were inserted into the osteotomy site and the plate position was medial.

Radiographic and computed tomographic evaluation of bone union after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with filling gap.

Background: We evaluated bone union and remodelling in patients undergoing opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) with bone gaps filled with beta-tricalcium phosphate. We examined the effectiveness of radiography and computed tomography (CT) for the evaluation of bone union and remodelling, and investigated whether lateral hinge fractures affected bone union.

Methods: Sixty-six cases underwent OWHTO with a combination of a TomoFix plate and a bone substitute.

Coronal subluxation of the proximal tibia relative to the distal femur after opening wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Background: The coronal subluxation of the proximal tibia relative to the distal femur is a common radiological finding in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The purpose was to evaluate whether the coronal subluxation was corrected after opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO), and whether this subluxation was one cause of inconsistency between the actual and predicted alignments (correction loss).

Methods: Fifty-one patients (55 knees) were treated with OWHTO.

Femoral shaft bowing in the coronal and sagittal planes on reconstructed computed tomography in women with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis: a comparison with radiograph and its predictive factors.

Purpose: To show the differences in lateral and anterior femoral shaft bowing (FSB) between radiographic and computed tomography (CT) images and to assess whether FSB is associated with various predictive factors in women with knee osteoarthritis (OA) using CT images.

Methods: We enrolled 135 Japanese women with medial compartment knee OA. Lateral and anterior FSB were measured by radiography and reconstructed CT.

Comparative Study of Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy With and Without a Combined Computed Tomography-Based and Image-Free Navigation System.

Purpose: To assess whether a combined computed tomography (CT)-based and image-free navigation system results in better coronal and sagittal alignment than the conventional method for performing opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and whether CT-based navigation results in acquisition of an accurate osteotomy plane.

Methods: Sixty-two consecutive knees were randomly divided into navigated and conventional groups. The intraoperative correction angle was determined by the change in hip-knee-ankle angle in the navigated group and by the predicted medial opening width in the conventional group.

Factors affecting cartilage repair after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: This study documented the healing potential of degenerated articular cartilage after opening-wedge valgus high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. It was hypothesized that regeneration of articular cartilage is affected by several factors, including preoperative cartilage degeneration grade, difference between the medial femoral condyle (MFC) and the medial tibial condyle (MTC), and postoperative knee alignment.

Methods: Medial opening-wedge valgus HTO was performed in 131 knees of 100 patients (mean age 66 ± 7.

The use of factor Xa inhibitors following opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and evaluate the efficacy and safety of edoxaban for the prevention of VTE in patients undergoing OWHTO.

Methods: A total of 139 patients with osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis undergoing OWHTO were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. Four patients were excluded because of preoperatively diagnosed VTE, and 135 patients were divided into two groups-an edoxaban group and a non-edoxaban group-and underwent computed tomography venography on day 7 to check for postoperative VTE.

Is the surgical epicondylar axis the center of rotation in the osteoarthritic knee?

The relationship between the surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) and the rotational axis of the distal femur remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between the SEA and the distal femur and whether the SEA can be used as the rotational axis of the knee. Angular and linear measurements of 70 femora at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° of flexion were recorded.

Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers and clinical efficacy of intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid for patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: The changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after intra-articular injection of hyarulonic acid (IA HA) remain controversial. We investigate the changes in the properties of synovial fluid (SF) and clinical symptoms before the first and fifth IA HA.

Methods: A total of 73 patients (73 knees) with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis were treated with five weekly intra-articular injections of HA and 55 patients (55 knees) were analyzed.

Clinical results of unicompartmental arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis using a tibial component with screw fixation.

Purpose: Unicompartmental knee prostheses with screw fixation into the proximal tibia were employed and postoperative clinical results for osteoarthritis of the knee, especially regarding relief of pain, range of motion and satisfactory limb alignment are reported and discussed.

Methods: A total of 140 knees (131 medial and 9 lateral) of 85 patients (21 men and 64 women) were followed up for two to 17 years with an average of 7.0 ± 3.

The surgical epicondylar axis is a consistent reference of the distal femur in the coronal and axial planes.

Purpose: Various rotational landmarks including the surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) are used for preoperative planning and intra-operative reference of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the axial plane. The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationships between the SEA and other femoral anatomical landmarks, including the mechanical axis, distal and posterior knee joints, the trochlear groove, and the anterior femoral condyle, in both the coronal and axial planes.

Methods: Angular and linear measurements were taken of sixty femora using Orthomap3D, which has a tool to analyse computed tomography image data that makes it possible to measure three-dimensional distances and angles precisely.

Mid- term results of stryker® scorpio plus mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty.

Background: The mobile bearing knee system was introduced to lessen contact stress on the articular bearing surface and reduce polyethylene wear. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mid-term results of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) using Scorpio Plus Mobile Bearing Knee System (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ), and compare the outcomes between patients with osteoarthritis and osteonecrosis (OA·ON group) and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA group).

Methods: Eight males and 58 females were followed up for a period of 4.