[A Case of Clostridium difficile Enteritis with Ileostomy for Rectal Cancer Surgery].

A 74-year-old male presenting with bloody stools was diagnosed with advanced rectal cancer. He underwent robot- assisted low anterior resection and temporary ileostomy. Cefmetazole(CMZ)was administered during surgery and on postoperative day(POD)1.

Subtotal gastrectomy for gastric tube cancer using intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence method.

Introduction: Currently, the frequency of evaluating the flow of a reconstructed gastric tube using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence has been increasing. However, it has been difficult to decide on the operation method for patients with gastric tube cancer (GTC). We herein report a case in which ICG was effective in a patient with resection of GTC.

12-Chemokine signature, a predictor of tumor recurrence in colorectal cancer.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) provide an immunological antineoplastic effect. Recent evidences link a unique 12-chemokine (CCL2, -3, -4, -5, -8, -18, -19, -21, CXCL9, -10, -11, -13) signature status from tumor tissue and the TLS expression. However, the potential significance of 12-chemokine signature status for clinical use is unknown.

[Radical Surgery Following Chemotherapy in a Patient with Mesenteric Recurrence Associated with Hematoma upon ESD for Rectal Cancer Three Years Six months Later].

A63 -year-old man complaining of anal pain visited our hospital. Three years 6 months previously, the patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for early-stage rectal cancer. Based on the pathological findings, adenocarcinoma with invasion to the submucosal layer(2,000 mm)and lymphovascular invasion were diagnosed.

[A Clinical Study of Seven Cases of LECS for Gastric Submucosal Tumors].

Laparoscopy and endoscopy cooperative surgery(LECS)is a surgical technique to resect a tumor with minimal invasion, using both a laparoscope and endoscope. Twenty-eight surgeries for gastric submucosal tumors(SMT)were performed between 2009 and 2019. Seven of those cases were performed using LECS.

[A Case of Small Bowel Perforation Due to Lung Cancer Metastasis].

A 79-year-old man was diagnosed with Stage ⅢB(T4N2M0)adenocarcinoma of the lung, administered. He suddenly developed abdominal pain with muscle guarding and rebound tenderness. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a thickened small bowel wall and mesenteric mass, as well as massive ascites and free air.

[A Case of Mesenteric Malignant Lymphoma Treated Using Single-Port Surgery and an Umbilical ZigZag Incision].

A 73 -year-old man was found to have a mesenteric tumor on abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT). Single-port laparoscopic surgery using an umbilical ZigZag incision was performed. Operative findings revealed that the tumor involved the mesentery.

Increased EZH2 expression during the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal cancer.

The adenoma-carcinoma sequence, the sequential mutation and deletion of various genes by which colorectal cancer progresses, is a well-established and accepted concept of colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Proteins of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) function as transcriptional repressors by trimethylating histone H3 at lysine 27; the activity of this complex is essential for cell proliferation and differentiation. The histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), an essential component of PRC2, is associated with the transcriptional repression of tumor suppressor genes.

Additional lymph node dissection for primary colorectal cancer invading another colon region.

Purpose: Surgery remains the curative treatment of choice for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to our knowledge, no report has addressed the usefulness of additional regional lymph node dissection for primary CRC that has invaded another colon region.

Methods: We reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of eight patients who underwent surgery between March, 2005 and August, 2014, for CRC that invaded another region of the colon.

Para-sacral approach for large gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the lower rectum.

Rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is comparatively rare and usually already large when detected. As resection is the main therapy for patients with primary resectable GIST, the surgical procedure must be tailored to the tumor status. For GISTs of the lower rectum, laparoscopic low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection is one of the procedures of choice.

Low Visceral Fat Content Is a Negative Predictive Marker for Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to clarify the predictive impact of visceral fat on response to bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Patients And Methods: Pretreatment computed tomography was used to measure visceral fat area (VFA) and patients with mCRC receiving first-line chemotherapy with/without bevacizumab were divided by median VFA value into two groups: high VFA and low VFA.

Results: In the bevacizumab-treated group, patients with low VFA had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than patients with high VFA in univariate (median=21.

Risk factors for pulmonary morbidities after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Background: Pulmonary morbidities after esophagectomy are still common and are a major cause of surgery-related mortality. The relationship between minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and pulmonary morbidities is not clear. The current study aimed to examine the incidence of pulmonary morbidities after MIE and to clarify the associated risk factors.

in gastroenterological cancer: Evaluation of measurement methods using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a literature review.

The human microbiome , which primarily inhabits the oral cavity, causes periodontal disease and has also been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer. However, whether is present in other gastroenterological cancer tissues remains to be elucidated. The present study evaluated whether quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were able to detect DNA and measure the quantity of DNA in esophageal, gastric, pancreatic and liver cancer tissues.

The role of intestinal bacteria in the development and progression of gastrointestinal tract neoplasms.

More than 100 trillion microorganisms inhabit the human intestinal tract and play important roles in health conditions and diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that specific bacteria and bacterial dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal tract can potentiate the development and progression of gastrointestinal tract neoplasms by damaging DNA, activating oncogenic signaling pathways, producing tumor-promoting metabolites such as secondary bile acids, and suppressing antitumor immunity. Other bacterial species have been shown to produce short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate, which can suppress inflammation and carcinogenesis in the gastrointestinal tract.

Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells Acquire Chemoresistance Through the Upregulation of F-Box/WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7 and the Consequent Degradation of c-Myc.

The cancer stem cell (CSC) paradigm suggests that tumors are organized hierarchically. Chugai previously established an LGR5 human colorectal cancer (CRC) stem-cell-enriched cell line (colorectal CSCs) that expresses well-accepted colorectal CSC markers and that can dynamically switch between proliferative and drug-resistant noncycling states. We performed this study to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for evading cell death in colorectal CSCs mediated by anticancer agents.

Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a prognostic marker for gastric cancer patients after curative resection.

Background: Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT), as calculated from serum albumin, total cholesterol concentration, and total lymphocyte count, was previously shown to be useful for nutritional assessment. The current study investigated the potential use of CONUT as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer patients after curative resection.

Methods: Preoperative CONUT was retrospectively calculated in 416 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative resection at Kumamoto University Hospital from 2005 to 2014.

A prospective study of XELIRI plus bevacizumab as a first-line therapy in Japanese patients with unresectable or recurrent colorectal cancer (KSCC1101).

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of XELIRI plus bevacizumab for the treatment of Japanese patients with unresectable or recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: This was a multicenter, single-arm, open-label prospective study. The major inclusion criteria were previously untreated unresectable or recurrent CRC, presence of measurable lesions, ≥20 years of age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1, and adequate organ function.

Comparison of systemic inflammatory and nutritional scores in colorectal cancer patients who underwent potentially curative resection.

Background: Various systemic inflammatory and nutritional scores have been reported to predict postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the best systemic inflammatory and nutritional scores in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent potentially curative resection.

Method: We evaluated 468 consecutive CRC patients in this study.

Preoperative controlling nutritional status (CONUT) is useful to estimate the prognosis after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to confirm the predictive value of controlling nutritional status (CONUT), as a postoperative prognostic marker for esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 373 patients who underwent three-incision esophagectomy with 2- or 3-field lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer between April 2005 and March 2016. The patients were divided into three groups based on the degree of preoperative malnutrition as assessed by CONUT: normal, light malnutrition, and moderate or severe malnutrition.

Elevated preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio predicts poor prognosis after esophagectomy in T1 esophageal cancer.

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to predict the prognosis of various malignant tumors, including esophageal cancer. However, no previous reports have supported the use of the preoperative NLR as an independent prognostic marker focused on superficial (T1) esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic impact of the preoperative NLR in T1 esophageal cancer.

The utility of tumor marker combination, including serum P53 antibody, in colorectal cancer treatment.

Purposes: Serum P53 antibody (S-P53Ab) is reportedly an effective screening tool for cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical significance of tumor markers combination in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate 19 - 9 (CA19-9), and S-P53Ab levels were measured before tumor resection.

Omental flap after pelvic exenteration for pelvic cancer.

Pelvic infection is a significant clinical problem after pelvic exenteration. The clinical benefit of an omental flap in reducing the incidence of such infections is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an omental flap after pelvic exenteration reduces the incidence of pelvic infection and the length of postoperative hospital stay.

Retroileal colorectal anastomosis after extended left colectomy: application for laparoscopic surgery.

Tension-free anastomosis is often difficult to achieve after extended left hemicolectomy because the residual colon is too short to reach the rectal stump. Retroileal colorectal anastomosis is very simple and useful for obtaining tension-free anastomosis. We first applied this technique to laparoscopic operations.

Human Microbiome Fusobacterium Nucleatum in Esophageal Cancer Tissue Is Associated with Prognosis.

Purpose: Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is a component of the human microbiome that primarily inhabits the oral cavity. It causes periodontal disease and has also been implicated in the development of human cancers.

CONUT: a novel independent predictive score for colorectal cancer patients undergoing potentially curative resection.

Background: Controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, calculated from serum albumin and total cholesterol concentrations and total lymphocyte count, is reportedly valuable for nutritional assessment. This study investigated whether CONUT score was predictive of outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients undergoing surgical resection.

Methods: Preoperative CONUT scores were retrospectively evaluated in 417 CRC patients who underwent potentially curative resection at Kumamoto University Hospital from March 2005 to August 2014.