Sensitivity of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of different interstitial lung diseases.

Unlabelled: The accuracy of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in each disease for pathological and multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) diagnosis is not yet established.

Method: We investigated 431 patients who were classified by MDD diagnosis and were grouped into the disease categories. For each category or disease, we used TBLC samples to calculate the sensitivities of the pathological diagnosis compared with MDD diagnoses.

A case of cervical schwannoma with upper tracheal stenosis followed up as asthma for 4 years.

Cases of upper tracheal stenosis due to cervical schwannoma are fairly rare; therefore, no treatment has been determined. In this case, our patient had been treated for asthma for 4 years and was admitted to our hospital because of exacerbation. Computed tomography showed a tracheal stenosis lesion just below the vocal cords, and a biopsy revealed schwannoma.

Home High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy for Stable Hypercapnic COPD: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

The long-term effects of using a high-flow nasal cannula for chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remain unclear. To assess whether long-term high-flow nasal cannula use reduces the number of exacerbations and improves other physiological parameters in patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We enrolled 104 participants (aged ⩾40 yr) with daytime hypercapnia (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stages 2-4) receiving long-term oxygen therapy (⩾16 h/d for ⩾1 mo) and randomly assigned them to high-flow nasal cannula/long-term oxygen therapy and long-term oxygen therapy groups.

Predictors of Morphine Efficacy for Dyspnea in Inpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Secondary Analysis of JORTC-PAL 07.

This study aimed to explore the predictors of morphine efficacy in the alleviation of dyspnea in COPD. Dyspnea is prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and often persists despite conventional treatment. A secondary analysis of a multi-institutional prospective before-after study was conducted focusing on morphine use for alleviating dyspnea in COPD patients.

Concordance between sequential transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy in patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates the utility of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, only one study has compared TBLC and surgical lung biopsy (SLB) performed on the same patients.

Methods: We identified seven patients with ILD with TBLC and SLB.

Morphine for dyspnoea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a before-after efficacy study.

Objectives: Dyspnoea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequent and often persists despite conventional treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral morphine for dyspnoea in Japanese COPD patients.

Methods: We conducted a multi-institutional, prospective, before-after study of morphine in COPD patients with dyspnoea at rest in seven hospitals.

Clinical Impact of Emphysema Evaluated by High-Resolution Computed Tomography on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Diagnosed by Surgical Lung Biopsy.

Background: The prognosis of combined cases of pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema is unresolved partially because radiological differentiation between usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia is difficult in coexisting emphysema cases.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical impact of emphysema on the survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods: One hundred and seven patients with interstitial lung diseases were diagnosed by surgical lung biopsies between 2006 and 2012, and 47 patients were diagnosed with IPF through multidisciplinary discussion.

[The relationships between initial clinical features and prognosis in 14 cases of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndrome].

Diffuse pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is caused by various disorders and is a medical emergency that often results in acute respiratory failure requiring prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment. However, the relationships between the prognosis and the initial clinical feature in DAH remain unclear. We investigated the relationships between initial clinical features and prognosis in 14 cases of DAH.

A phase II study of S-1 monotherapy as second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and toxicity of an oral anticancer fluoropyrimidine derivative, S-1, for previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: Patients with advanced (clinical stage IIIB-IV) NSCLC who had previously received one platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled. S-1 was administered orally at the dosage decided by using the nomogram based on patient BSA b.

[A case of advanced small cell lung cancer complicated by chronic renal failure treated with amrubicin].

A 64-year old man first visited our clinic approximately 10 years ago because of diabetic nephropathy that had developed into chronic renal failure. He was hospitalized to examine a left S10 tumor shadow. Based on the results of these examinations, a primary left S10 T2N0M1, ED small cell lung cancer, was diagnosed.