Depth of submucosal invasion vs. Haggitt level as prognostic predictors of pedunculated‑type early‑stage colorectal cancer removed by endoscopic resection.

Additional surgery is considered when deep submucosal (SM) invasion (≥1,000 µm) is pathologically observed following the endoscopic resection of early-stage colorectal cancer (eCRC). The Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) states that the depth of SM invasion be measured from the lower border of the muscularis mucosae (MM) when MM can be identified/estimated and from the lesion's surface when it cannot, irrespective of macroscopic types. In MM-tangled pedunculated eCRC cases, SM invasion depth should be measured from the reference line, which is the boundary between the tumor head and stalk.

Prognostic relevance of the most predominant and least differentiated grades of gastric adenocarcinoma after curative gastrectomy.

Background: Prognostic relevance of differentiation grade has remained controversial in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) after curative resection.

Methods: GAC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy were analyzed. Differentiation grade was evaluated according to either the most predominant or least differentiated component.

Efficacy of Touch Imprint Cytology in Intraoperative Diagnosis of Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A preoperative diagnosis of the peripheral small lung nodule is often difficult, and an intraoperative frozen section diagnosis (FSD) is performed to guide treatment strategy. However, invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is prone to be overlooked because of the low sample quality and weak atypia. We herein report a case of IMA, in which touch imprint cytology (TIC) revealed diagnostic efficacy.

Stage IV and recurrent colorectal cancer cured following multimodal therapy: A case series.

The treatment strategies for colorectal cancer (CRC) with distant metastasis or metastatic recurrence after resection of the primary tumor are controversial. In the present study, four cases of patients with advanced CRC with distant metastasis who achieved disease-free survival (DFS) for >5 years and were deemed potentially cured were reported. Case 1 was that of a 53-year-old male patient with rectal cancer and liver metastases (pT3N2bM1, pStage IV), and case 2 was that of a 58-year-old female patient with descending colon cancer (pT3N1M1, pStage IV) who had lung metastases at surgery and postoperatively.

An unusual cytological presentation of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas mimicking adenoid cystic carcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration has become the common procedure for the diagnosis of pancreatic mass, and cytological examination is usually the first approach. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) cytologically represents papillary structures of branching capillaries surrounded by discohesive neoplastic cells. However, it may present various degrees of tissue degeneration, causing diagnostic challenges.

Risk stratification for predicting postoperative recurrence of gastric cancer by grade of venous invasion.

Background: Venous invasion (VI) in pathological examination of surgically resected gastric cancer (GC) may predict postoperative recurrence, but there are no objective criteria for VI grading.

Methods: 157 GC patients (pathological stages I 82, II 34, and III 41) who underwent surgery with curative intent were analyzed. VI was graded in pathological examination by elastica van Gieson staining based on the number of VIs per glass slide as follows: v0, 0; v1, 1-3; v2, 4-6; and v3, ≥ 7.

The Impact of Venous Invasion on the Postoperative Recurrence of pT1-3N0cM0 Gastric Cancer.

The impact of venous invasion (VI) on postoperative recurrence in pathological (p)T1-3N0 clinical (c)M0 gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. We investigated the association of VI grade with prognosis in 94 (78 stage I and 16 stage IIA) patients. VI was graded during pathological examinations based on the number of VIs per glass slide as follows: v0, 0; v1, 1-3; v2, 4-6; and v3, ≥7.

Reclassification of atypical immature metaplasia of the uterine cervix by combination of nuclear features on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections without auxiliary immunohistochemistry.

Reclassification of endocervical atypical immature metaplasia (AIM) into reactive changes and neoplastic lesion is often challenging. We aimed to accurately reclassify AIM on hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections without auxiliary immunohistochemistry (IHC). A total of 133 AIM diagnosed by punch biopsy were reclassified by IHC for p16 and Ki-67 into high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (NILM/LSIL) as a reference.

Apparent diffusion coefficient by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is useful for grading cholecystitis and surgery planning.

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a standard procedure for treating cholescytitis, but severe inflammation may cause complications. Our previous study showed that the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values could predict difficult surgery. In the present study, relevance of ADC values in grading the severity of cholecystitis was pathologically investigated.

Risk stratification for predicting postoperative recurrence/metastasis of colorectal cancer by grade of venous invasion coupled with histological subtype.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) consists of several histological subtypes that greatly affect prognosis. Venous invasion (VI) has been implicated in the postoperative recurrence of CRC, but the relationship between the VI grade and postoperative recurrence in each histological subtype has not been clarified thus far.

Methods: A total of 323 CRCs without distant metastasis at surgery (pathologic stage III or lower), including 152 well-to-moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas (WMDAs), 98 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas (PDAs), and 64 mucinous adenocarcinomas (MUAs), were analyzed.

Histopathological Analysis of Decellularized Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa after Treatment of Skin Ulcer.

Background: Decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS), commercialized as an extracellular matrix rich in cell-inducing substrates and factors, has been clinically applied to treat intractable skin ulcers and has shown therapeutic effects. The SIS reportedly induces cell infiltration and integrates with the ulcer bed after 3-7 days of application. The attached SIS degenerates over time, and the remaining mass appears as slough, below which is granulation tissue that is essential for healing.

Effect and limitation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: consideration from a new perspective.

Background: Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has remained under investigation. We investigated its effect from a unique perspective and discussed its application.

Patients And Methods: We retrospecively analyzed consecutive 131 PDAC patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy.

Clinical impacts of resection margin status and clinicopathologic parameters on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: The clinical relevance of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) at the resection margin of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains unknown. We aimed to investigate its clinical impact at the pancreatic transection margin (PTM) and, based on the result, determine the prognostic values of the resection margin status and other clinicopathologic parameters.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 122 consecutive patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy between 2006 and 2018.

Relationship between endoscopic mucosal healing and histologic inflammation during remission maintenance phase in ulcerative colitis: a retrospective study.

 Recently, histological inflammation has been suggested to be an important predictor of sustained remission or relapse of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we retrospectively compared severity of histological inflammation with endoscopic findings in UC patients with mucosal healing (MH) in the remission maintenance phase, and investigated whether histological healing could be a predictor of sustained remission.  This study included 166 patients with MH in the remission maintenance phase.

Sex steroid hormone receptors in bladder cancer: Usefulness in differential diagnosis and implications in histogenesis of bladder cancer.

Objective: In rare cases, differential diagnosis between bladder cancer (BC) and gynecological tract cancer (GTC) is difficult because of anatomical proximity and morphological similarity. We analyzed expression status of sex steroid hormone receptors in BC in this study. First, we investigated their usefulness as a histological marker for differential diagnosis.

Impact of Tumor Location on Postoperative Outcome of Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct.

Background: The concept of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) has been proposed to be the biliary equivalent of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas. While the classification of IPMNs is based on their location of duct involvement, such classification has not been fully evaluated for IPNBs. The aim of this study is to investigate the value of IPNB classification based on its location.

Nuclear Morphometry of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Cytologic Study.

Background: The nuclei of most cancer cells in histopathologic preparations differ from normal nuclei and vary individually in size, shape, and chromatin pattern. Although the cytologic characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung have been described, quantification of the cytologic features has not been established.

Methods: Cytologic investigations were performed on bronchial brushings or washings, or fine-needle aspirates.

Oestrogen receptor-negative/progesterone receptor-positive phenotype of invasive breast carcinoma in Japan: re-evaluated using immunohistochemical staining.

Background: The existence of progesterone receptor (PgR) expression in oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast carcinoma is controversial. Here, we re-evaluated ER-negative/PgR-positive (ER-/PgR+) carcinoma cases by immunohistochemical staining (IHC).

Materials And Methods: We selected patients who underwent surgery for primary breast carcinoma from our databases at Dokkyo Medical University Hospital and Kameda General Hospital.

Characteristic Histological Findings of Asymptomatic EBV-associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Tonsils.

Recently, an in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemical study demonstrated that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may be involved in tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis in children and young adolescents. The present study was based on 630 consecutive specimens from tonsillectomies performed at the Dokkyo University School of Medicine between 2002 and May 2017. Clinical findings were obtained from hospital records.

Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of bile duct margin for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of frozen section diagnosis (FSD) of bile duct margins during surgery for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 74 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for extrahepatic CCA from 2012 to 2017, during which FSD of bile duct margins was performed. They consisted of 40 distant and 34 perihilar CCAs (45 and 55 bile duct margins, respectively).

Clinical effectiveness of the pocket-creation method for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background And Study Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a technically advanced procedure for colorectal tumors. Hayashi et al. invented the "pocket-creation method (PCM)," and reported that Is-type lesions with fibrosis could be efficaciously and safely resected.

Clinicopathological study of a dimorphic variant of breast carcinoma.

Background: Dimorphic cells have abundant clear cytoplasm similar to myoepithelial cells, and the nuclei are identical to those in adjacent malignant columnar epithelial cells. A dimorphic variant of a breast carcinoma involves a neoplastic proliferation of epithelial cells including dimorphic cells.

Methods: The subjects were patients with primary breast carcinoma, who underwent surgical resection at the Hospital of Dokkyo Medical University between 2000 and 2016, and were reviewed and diagnosed with a dimorphic variant of breast carcinoma.

α-taxilin overexpression correlates with proliferation activity but not with prognosis of colorectal cancer.

α-taxilin is a binding partner of syntaxins, which are the central coordinators of membrane traffic. Expression of α-taxilin has been implicated in the development of human glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. In the present study, the clinical significance of α-taxilin expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated.

Clinical importance of colonoscopy in patients with gastric neoplasm undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of total colonoscopy (TCS) for patients undergoing gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and to assess risk factors for colorectal neoplasms.

Methods: Of the 263 patients who underwent ESD at our department between May 2010 and December 2013, 172 patients undergoing TCS during a one-year period before and after ESD were targeted. After excluding patients with a history of surgery or endoscopic therapy for colorectal neoplasms, 158 patients were analyzed.