Publications by authors named "Yasuo Hosoda"
Article Synopsis
- This study evaluates the effectiveness of AI-assisted computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems in identifying colorectal lesions, which is crucial for preventing colorectal cancer.
- The research involved 380 lesions from 139 patients, comparing the diagnostic accuracy of AI using different imaging techniques, with results showing that AI performance was similar to expert endoscopists when using magnified imaging.
- Findings suggest that while AI is a reliable tool for lesion differentiation, its accuracy can depend on both the imaging method used and the experience level of the endoscopist.
Introduction: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) has been gaining attention as an initial investigation in the management of colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB), yet the role of CE-CT other than its diagnostic yield has not been adequately clarified. We aimed to determine whether the use of urgent CE-CT improves identification of stigmata of recent hemorrhage (SRH) in subsequently performed early colonoscopy (≤24 h of arrival) or other clinical outcomes of CDB.
Methods: We conducted a randomized, open-label, controlled trial at 23 institutions in Japan.
Background: Endoscopic healing is generally defined as Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) ≤1 in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, patients with an MES of 1 are at higher relapse risk than those with an MES of 0. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of proactive dose escalation of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in UC patients with an MES of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeningeal carcinomatosis with decreased visual acuity: a case report.
Clin J Gastroenterol
April 2024
Meningeal carcinomatosis is a condition in which cancer cells diffusely metastasize to the cerebral pia mater in the cerebrospinal membrane or cerebrospinal cavity. It causes a wide array of symptoms according to the site of metastasis. The prognosis is poor, especially in metastasis from solid tumors.
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- A study analyzed the rates and impact of respiratory bacterial infections in Japanese patients hospitalized with COVID-19, finding that 7.5% of patients experienced such infections.
- The most common causes of these infections included Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, with more severe outcomes linked to hospital-acquired infections and pre-existing health conditions.
- The research highlights the importance of monitoring and assessing bacterial complications in COVID-19 patients, as these infections can significantly increase mortality rates.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the impact of non-respiratory bacterial and fungal infections on hospitalized COVID-19 patients, focusing on the types of infections, their causative organisms, and their effects on mortality rates.
- Out of 1914 patients, 4.2% developed non-respiratory bacterial infections, predominantly bacteremia, which was linked to a higher risk of death, particularly in patients with certain predisposing factors.
- The findings highlight the need for effective medical strategies to manage secondary infections in COVID-19 patients, especially those at a greater risk, such as older individuals and those admitted to intensive care.
Background: Guidelines recommend that all patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) undergo endoscopy within 24 h. It is unclear whether a subgroup may benefit from an urgent intervention. We aimed to evaluate the influence of endoscopic hemostasis and urgent endoscopy on mortality in UGIB patients with high-risk stigmata (HRS).
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- Cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) is a successful method for removing small colorectal polyps, but some polyps can come back, leading to questions about ongoing treatment.
- This study tracked patients who had recurrent polyps after initial CFP, assessing their re-treatment with re-CFP and analyzing outcomes at 1 and 2 years post-procedure.
- Results showed that re-CFP successfully removed all recurrent polyps, which were all benign and small, with no reported complications, indicating it is an effective follow-up treatment.
Background And Aims: Although upper GI bleeding (UGIB) is a significant cause of inpatient admissions, no scoring method has proven to be accurate and simple as a standard for triage purposes. Therefore, we compared a previously described 3-variable score (1 point each for absence of daily proton pump inhibitor use in the week before the index presentation, shock index [heart rate/systolic blood pressure] ≥1, and blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ≥30 [urea/creatinine≥140]), the Horibe gAstRointestinal BleedING scoRe (HARBINGER), with the 8-variable Glasgow-Blatchford Score (GBS) and 5-variable AIMS65 to evaluate and validate the accuracy in predicting high-risk features that warrant admission and urgent endoscopy.
Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with suspected UGIB between 2012 and 2015 were prospectively enrolled in 3 acute care Japanese hospitals.
Background: Cold polypectomy has been increasingly used to remove diminutive colorectal polyps. We evaluated the local recurrence rate of diminutive polyps at the 1-year follow-up after cold forceps polypectomy (CFP).
Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study, patients with diminutive colorectal polyps ( ≤ 5 mm) were treated by CFP using jumbo forceps followed by magnified narrow-band imaging (NBI).
Background And Aim: An intention-to-treat prospective randomized study was carried out to compare the potentiation of antiviral efficacies between cholecalciferol, non-activated vitamin D3 supplement, and alfacalcidol, activated 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D3 [1α (OH)-vitamin D3].
Methods: Chronic hepatitis patients with genotype 1b hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection showing serum HCV-RNA levels greater than 5 Log IU/mL received oral administration of cholecalciferol (2000 IU/day) or alfacalcidol (0.5 μg/day) for 4 weeks, and then they were given pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN)-α2a plus ribavirin therapy in combination with either vitamin D3 for 48 or 72 weeks according to the response-guided manner.
Background: Helicobacter pylori eradication rates achieved with a first-line regimen of clarithromycin (CLR) combined with amoxicillin (AMX) and a proton pump inhibitor have recently fallen to ≤80% because of the increasing incidence of CLR resistance in Japan. This randomized multicenter trial aimed to compare the eradication success of 2 first-line triple therapy regimens: rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (RAC) versus rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole (RAM).
Methods: A total of 124 consecutive patients infected with H.
Objective: Assessment of the efficacy of ossicular reconstruction using a cartilage-connecting hydroxyapatite prosthesis designed with a spearhead to reduce extrusion and dislocation of the implant.
Patients: All patients undergoing ossicular reconstruction after chronic ear surgery, connecting the cartilage to the prosthesis, with a minimum of 1 year of postoperative follow-up.
Main Outcome Measures: Postoperative change in pure-tone averages.