Longitudinal relationship between screen-based sedentary behavior and nutrient intake in Japanese children: an observational epidemiological cohort study.

Background: Concerns regarding the impact of screen-based sedentary behavior on health have been increasing. Therefore, the present study investigated the longitudinal relationship between multiple screen time and nutrient intake in children and adolescents.

Methods: The present study was conducted utilizing 3 years longitudinal data.

The relationship between cognitive reserve focused on leisure experiences and cognitive functions in bipolar patients.

Bipolar disorder (BP) is characterized by cognitive decline. Individual differences exist in maintaining cognitive function due to daily physical activity and sleep. We examined the relationship between leisure experiences as proxies for cognitive reserve (CR) and cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder after adjusting for daily physical activity and sleep.

Relationship between Vitamin Intake and Resilience Based on Sex in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Adults: Results of the Shika Study.

Epidemiological studies reported that resilience, generally regarded as the ability to manage stress in the face of adversity, correlates with mental health in middle-aged and older adults. Currently, there is limited information on eating habits that affect resilience. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between vitamin intake and resilience based on sex in community-dwelling middle-aged and older individuals in Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan.

Prospective relationship between autistic traits and nutrient intakes among Japanese children: Results of the Shika study.

It is known about food selectivity among children with autism spectrum disorder. However, the nutritional inadequacy among children with ASD is not clear. Especially, long-term evaluation has not been studied.

Two Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Clozapine Developed Neutropenia After Receiving a COVID-19 Vaccine.

Background: We observed two cases of patients with schizophrenia who were treated with clozapine (250mg/day and 275mg/day, respectively) and showed neutropenia after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2).

Case Presentation: Case 1 is a twenty-two year old woman with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. She enrolled in Clozaril Patient Monitoring Service in 2017 and had been taking clozapine for 4 years.

Influence of oxytocin administration on somatosensory evoked magnetic fields induced by median nerve stimulation during hand action observation in healthy male volunteers.

Watching another person's hand movement modulates somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs). Assuming that the mirror neuron system may have a role in this phenomenon, oxytocin should enhance these effects. This single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study therefore used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate SEFs following electrical stimulation of the right median nerve in 20 healthy male participants during hand movement observation, which were initially presented as static images followed by moving images.

Relationship between Autistic Traits and Nutrient Intake among Japanese Children and Adolescents.

Increased food selectivity among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may lead to nutritional inadequacy. The present study examined differences in nutrient intake between children and adolescents with and without ASD. We utilized cross-sectional data from the ongoing population Shika Town rural Japanese study.

Auditory steady-state response at 20 Hz and 40 Hz in young typically developing children and children with autism spectrum disorder.

Aim: The early detection of autistic tendencies in children is essential for providing proper care and education. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) provides a passive, non-invasive technique for assessing neural synchrony at specific response frequencies in many mental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but few studies have investigated its use in young children. This study investigated the ASSR at 20 Hz and 40 Hz in typically developing (TD) children and children with ASD aged 5-7 years.

Prefrontal oxygenation during verbal fluency and cognitive function in adolescents with bipolar disorder type II.

Evaluation of depressive states in children can be challenging. Most of the studies that have investigated cognitive function and cerebral blood volume changes using functional MRI (fMRI) in bipolar disorder (BD) have been confined to BDI or heterogeneous cohorts with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study investigated cognitive functions in adolescents with BDII and without ADHD using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and a Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System (DN-CAS).

Reduced prefrontal activation during performance of the Iowa Gambling Task in patients with bipolar disorder.

The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a complex decision-making task in which monetary wins and losses guide the development of strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic responses of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) during performance of the IGT using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Participants comprised 13 patients and 15 healthy control subjects who were matched for age, sex, handedness, and intelligence quotient.

Attentional control and interpretation of facial expression after oxytocin administration to typically developed male adults.

Deficits in attentional-inhibitory control have been reported to correlate to anger, hostility, and aggressive behavior; therefore, inhibitory control appears to play an important role in prosocial behavior. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that oxytocin (OT) exerts a prosocial effect (e.g.

Unusual developmental pattern of brain lateralization in young boys with autism spectrum disorder: Power analysis with child-sized magnetoencephalography.

Aims: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often described as comprising an unusual brain growth pattern and aberrant brain lateralization. Although it is important to study the pathophysiology of the developing ASD cortex, examples of physiological brain lateralization in young children with ASD have yet to be well examined.

Methods: Thirty-eight boys with ASD (aged 3-7 years) and 38 typically developing (TD) boys (aged 3-8 years) concentrated on video programs and their brain activities were measured non-invasively.

Atypical brain lateralisation in the auditory cortex and language performance in 3- to 7-year-old children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: a child-customised magnetoencephalography (MEG) study.

Background: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is used to measure the auditory evoked magnetic field (AEF), which reflects language-related performance. In young children, however, the simultaneous quantification of the bilateral auditory-evoked response during binaural hearing is difficult using conventional adult-sized MEG systems. Recently, a child-customised MEG device has facilitated the acquisition of bi-hemispheric recordings, even in young children.

Anterior prefrontal hemodynamic connectivity in conscious 3- to 7-year-old children with typical development and autism spectrum disorder.

Socio-communicative impairments are salient features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a young age. The anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC), or Brodmann area 10, is a key processing area for social function, and atypical development of this area is thought to play a role in the social deficits in ASD. It is important to understand these brain functions in developing children with ASD.

A custom magnetoencephalography device reveals brain connectivity and high reading/decoding ability in children with autism.

A subset of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) performs more proficiently on certain visual tasks than may be predicted by their general cognitive performances. However, in younger children with ASD (aged 5 to 7), preserved ability in these tasks and the neurophysiological correlates of their ability are not well documented. In the present study, we used a custom child-sized magnetoencephalography system and demonstrated that preserved ability in the visual reasoning task was associated with rightward lateralisation of the neurophysiological connectivity between the parietal and temporal regions in children with ASD.

Two genetic variants of CD38 in subjects with autism spectrum disorder and controls.

The neurobiological basis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains poorly understood. Given the role of CD38 in social recognition through oxytocin (OT) release, we hypothesized that CD38 may play a role in the etiology of ASD. Here, we first examined the immunohistochemical expression of CD38 in the hypothalamus of post-mortem brains of non-ASD subjects and found that CD38 was colocalized with OT in secretory neurons.

Central nervous system malignant lymphoma associated with Behcet's disease. Case report.

A 75-year-old woman presented with intracranial B-cell lymphoma associated with Behcet's disease manifesting as headache and dizziness. She had been treated with prednisolone for 17 years, and colchicine for 4 years under a diagnosis of incomplete Behcet's disease. Computed tomography revealed a 4-cm high density mass surrounded with diffuse edema in the right frontal lobe.

Ampulla (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage worsening in the late phase of vasospasm--case report.

A 66-year-old woman presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) caused by a ruptured aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery. Electrocardiography (ECG) disclosed abnormalities resembling acute myocardial infarction. She underwent neck clipping of the aneurysm uneventfully.

Non-traumatic recurrent dissection and its spontaneous repair in the circle of Willis: report of two autopsy cases.

Post-mortem examinations of the circle of Willis in two cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage disclosed a wide spectrum of vasculopathy ranging from a minimal tear between the intima and media, and between the media and adventitia, to complete transmural disruption leading to the formation of pseudoaneurysms. The presence of coexistence of the focal lesions with complete replacement of the entire arterial wall with thick fibrous connective tissues and the vasculopathy was suggestive of the spontaneous repair of recurrent non-traumatic dissection of intracranial arteries. The patients were 58-year-old and 43-year-old females.