Phosphorylated pullulan promotes calcification during bone regeneration in the bone defects of rat tibiae.

The current study aimed to evaluate bone tissue regeneration using a combination of β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) and phosphorylated pullulan (PPL, a phosphate-rich polysaccharide polymer consisting of maltotriose units). Round defects of 2 mm diameter were created in the arterial center of rat tibiae, which were further treated with vehicle (control group), βTCP (βTCP group), or βTCP + PPL (βTCP + PPL group) grafts. The control specimens without bone grafts exhibited rapid bone formation after 1 week; however, the regenerated bone was not resorbed until 4 weeks.

Can a low dosage of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 loaded on collagen sponge induce ectopic bone?

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is one of the growth factors that may induce the formation of new bone. The aim was to determine the efficacy of low doses of rhBMP-2 for bone regeneration using a collagen sponge as a carrier. Three doses of rhBMP-2 (1.

Histochemical characteristics on minimodeling-based bone formation induced by anabolic drugs for osteoporotic treatment.

Modeling, the changes of bone size and shape, often takes place at the developmental stages, whereas bone remodeling-replacing old bone with new bone-predominantly occurs in adults. Unlike bone remodeling, bone formation induced by modeling i.e.

Comparative immunolocalization of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 in murine bone.

Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the immunolocalization and gene expression of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP) and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) in osteoblasts, preosteoblasts, and osteocytes of murine bone to provide clues for a better understanding of the supply of phosphate ions (Pi) during bone mineralization.

Methods: Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n = 6) were fixed with a paraformaldehyde solution, and the right femora were extracted for immunodetection of TNALP and ENPP1, while the left tibiae were used for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to evaluate Tnalp and Enpp1 gene expression.

Results: TNALP was intensely localized on the basolateral cell membranes of mature osteoblasts and preosteoblastic cells.

Picosecond master-oscillator, power-amplifier system based on a mixed vanadate phase conjugate bounce amplifier.

We demonstrate a high average power approximately 4 ps output from a phase conjugate laser system based on a diode-side-pumped Nd:Gd(0.6)Y(0.4)VO(4) bounce amplifier.

[Effect of body fat percentage on estimated propofol concentrations at awakening from anesthesia using target controlled infusion].

Background: Target controlled infusion (TCI) for propofol allows anesthesiologists to target constant blood concentrations of propofol. However, the pharmacokinetic parameters in TCI system do not take account of the patient's age, make up and gender. We evaluated the relationship between body fat percentage and the estimated effect site propofol concentrations at awakening.