Inhibitory effects of Valeriana fauriei root extract on serotonin uptake in vitro caused by the interaction among its active ingredients including a new compound.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The root of Valeriana fauriei Briq. (VF) is a folk medicine registered in the Japanese Pharmacopeia 18th Edition. Valeriana plants have been utilized as sedatives and antidepressants in Europe, but only a few pharmacological reports have focused on VF.

Corrigendum: Identification of an alternative glycyrrhizin metabolite causing liquorice-induced pseudohyperaldosteronism and the development of ELISA system to detect the predictive biomarker.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.

Prolonging effects of Valeriana fauriei root extract on pentobarbital-induced sleep in caffeine-induced insomnia model mice and the pharmacokinetics of its active ingredients under conditions of glycerol fatty acid ester as emulsifiers.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Valeriana plant roots have traditionally been used to treat central nervous system-related disorders in European countries. Among this genus, the Japanese Pharmacopoeia registers the dried roots of V. fauriei Briq.

Binding activity of Valeriana fauriei root extract on GABA receptor flunitrazepam sites and distribution of its active ingredients in the brain of mice - A comparison with that of V. officinalis root.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Valeriana fauriei root (VF) is a crude drug registered in the Japanese Pharmacopeia 17th Edition and a known substitute for V. officinalis (VO). Although VO has been pharmacologically evaluated for its sedative effects and mechanism of action, data regarding VF remain scarce.

Identification of an Alternative Glycyrrhizin Metabolite Causing Liquorice-Induced Pseudohyperaldosteronism and the Development of ELISA System to Detect the Predictive Biomarker.

Liquorice is usually used as crude drug in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Liquorice-containing glycyrrhizin (GL) can cause pseudohyperaldosteronism as a side effect. Previously, we identified 18-glycyrrhetyl-3--sulfate () as a GL metabolite in Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rats (EHBRs) with the dysfunction of multidrug resistance-related protein (Mrp2).

18β-glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate would be a causative agent of licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism.

Licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism is a common adverse effect in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, and 3-monoglucuronyl glycyrrhetinic acid (3MGA) was considered as a causative agent of it. Previously, we found 22α-hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate-30-glucuronide (1), one of the metabolites of glycyrrhizin (GL) in the urine of Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rats (EHBRs) treated with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), and suggested that it is also a possible causative agent of pseudoaldosteronism. The discovery of 1 also suggested that there might be other metabolites of GA as causal candidates.

Isolation of a novel glycyrrhizin metabolite as a causal candidate compound for pseudoaldosteronism.

Pseudoaldosteronism is a common adverse effect associated with traditional Japanese Kampo medicines. The pathogenesis is mainly caused by 3-monoglucuronyl glycyrrhetinic acid (3MGA), one of the metabolites of glycyrrhizin (GL) contained in licorice. We developed an anti-3MGA monoclonal antibody (MAb) and an ELISA system to easily detect 3MGA in the plasma and urine of the patients.