Effects of lower limb and pelvic pin positions on leg length and offset measurement errors in experimental total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Leg length (LL) and offset (OS) are important factors in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Because most LL and OS callipers used in THA depend on fixed points on the pelvis and the femur, limb position could affect measurement error. This study was conducted on a THA simulator to clarify the effects of lower limb position and iliac pin position on LL and OS errors and to determine the permissible range of limb position for accurate LL and OS measurement.

[Three cases of esophageal bleeding after cardiovascular surgery].

Three patients after cardiovascular surgery developed severe esophageal bleeding. All had been diagnosed as having an aberrant subclavian artery (ASCA). ASCA is the commonest congenital anomaly of the aortic arch, which arises from the proximal portion of the descending thoracic aorta and runs across the back side of the esophagus.

[Fast-track cardiac anesthesia and perioperative management appropriate for early rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery].

Background: Rapid mobilization and rehabilitation after CABG has a potential benefit of reducing both costs and pulmonary complications (such as atelectasis and pulmonary embolism). Moreover, it improves the patient's emotional recovery. We performed fast-track cardiac anesthesia aiming toward early rehabilitation.

Biomechanical function of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus: a human cadaveric study.

Partial and total meniscectomies have been known to develop a high rate of osteoarthritis, but not in quantitative terms. In this study, we investigated the role of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (PMM) by measuring the changes in the multiple degrees of freedom knee kinematics. Using a robotic/universal force-moment testing system, the 5-degree-of-freedom kinematics at selected flexion angles of human cadaveric knees (age, 35-72 years) in response to a 10 N.

Gene transfer of the catabolic inhibitor TIMP-1 increases measured proteoglycans in cells from degenerated human intervertebral discs.

Study Design: Cells from degenerated intervertebral discs were transduced with an adenoviral vector delivering cDNA of the catabolic inhibitor, TIMP-1, and alterations in the measured proteoglycan were assessed.

Objectives: To assess the potential of TIMP-1 to favorably modify the proteoglycan content of degenerated intervertebral disc cells.

Summary Of Background Data: Gene therapy with anabolic factors has resulted in increased proteoglycan synthesis in intervertebral disc cells.

Biology and biomechanics.

Increased participation by the general population in athletic activities leads to increased trauma to bones, joint surfaces, and soft tissues. Management and treatment of these injuries has significantly improved over the past few decades. The application of knowledge gained from basic science research in biology and biomechanics has continuously contributed to that.