Dual examinations for identification of urine as being of human origin and for DNA-typing from small stains of human urine.

Concurrent methods for identification of urine as being of human origin, and for DNA-typing from small stains of human urine were examined. A urine stain was extracted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and the extract was filtered using a Centricon-100 device. The filtrate was subjected to electrospray ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ESI-LC-MS) for identification of human urine and a DNA-typing sample was obtained by dialfiltration of the residue using a DNA purification kit.

Experimental studies on identification of the driver based on STR analysis.

Identification of the driver based on STR analysis at a crime scene or following a traffic accident would be of enormous assistance in criminal investigation. We performed STR analysis on samples obtained from parts of a car; the steering wheel, the gear lever, the handbrake lever, the indicator lever and the door handle, with a view to obtaining DNA profiles of the owner and any another person who had driven the car just before sampling. As a result, it was found that a cotton swab is suitable for sample collection and that STR analysis of samples from a car, especially from the entire steering wheel, makes it possible to identify of the driver.

Successful DNA typing of urine stains using a DNA purification kit following dialfiltration.

To evaluate the utility of DNA polymorphism typing of urine stains in forensic investigations, the amplifiable amount of DNA was estimated in 20 urine specimens obtained from 10 male and 10 female volunteers using a DNA purification kit following dialfiltration. DNA obtained from both urine and urine stains was amplified with the AmpflSTR Profiler PCR Amplification Kit, and was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis using the Genetic Analyzer. The amount of male and female urine necessary for obtaining a complete DNA profile was 0.