Publications by authors named "Yasuhiko Abe"

Oral bacteria cause tooth caries and periodontal disease. Much research is being conducted to prevent both major oral diseases by rendering dental materials' antimicrobial potential. However, such antimicrobial materials are regarded as 'combination' products and face high hurdles for regulatory approval.

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  • The study aimed to investigate how Helicobacter pylori infection affects gastric lesions in patients with non-eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (non-EoE EGIDs).
  • A review of 75 patients found that common gastric findings included erythema, erosions, ulcers, and edema, with no significant differences based on gastric mucosal atrophy, which indicates H. pylori infection.
  • The researchers concluded that gastric ulcers in non-EoE EGIDs should be considered when diagnosing idiopathic peptic ulcers, as there was no specific pattern in lesion frequency related to atrophic gastritis.
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Background And Aims: The increasing prevalence of obesity has significantly contributed to the global burden of colorectal cancer and the precancerous colorectal adenoma (CRA). Gut microbiota vary at each stage of colorectal carcinogenesis and participate in energy homeostasis. Elucidating gut microbiotal characteristics in obesity-related CRA may help prevent and treat colorectal tumors; however, this remains unclarified.

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  • A nationwide study in Japan investigated the cancer risk associated with different lengths of Barrett's esophagus (BE) among 33,478 subjects who underwent endoscopy between 2013 and 2017, with follow-ups until 2022.
  • The findings showed that the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma increased with the length of BE, with higher risks for those with BE lengths of 1-3 cm and ≥3 cm.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering the length of BE in managing patients, as longer BE is correlated with a greater cancer risk.
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  • X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) increases the risk of gastrointestinal cancers, notably gastric cancer (GC), as seen in a 30-year-old male patient.
  • The patient was diagnosed with GC and extensive atrophic gastritis, testing positive for Helicobacter pylori through a urea breath test.
  • Despite successful distal gastrectomy and chemotherapy, he passed away two years later, highlighting the need for regular evaluations for H. pylori and monitoring for GC in XLA patients due to their immunoglobulin deficiency.
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  • The study investigates the relationship between intestinal metaplasia (IM) in the gastric mucosa and the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC), focusing on risk stratification using endoscopic and histological methods.
  • A multicenter analysis involving 380 patients found that specific patterns, like light blue crest (LBC) and white opaque substance (WOS), along with histological IM, significantly correlated with increased GC risk.
  • The results indicated that EGGIM and OLGIM scoring systems were effective tools for assessing GC risk, suggesting their potential use in clinical practice for better patient management.*
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A 47-year-old woman presented with multiple gastric tumors, each up to 10 mm in diameter, in the gastric body and fundus without mucosal atrophy. White spots and numerous transparent, light-brownish, small, and rounded spots were observed in the background gastric mucosa. Biopsy specimens obtained from the tumors revealed gastric neuroendocrine tumors.

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  • The study investigated the long-term outcomes of untreated asymptomatic esophageal eosinophilia (aEE) and minimally symptomatic eosinophilic esophagitis (mEoE) in 36 patients over more than 5 years.
  • Patients were divided into those receiving no treatment and those treated with proton pump inhibitors, allowing comparisons of symptoms and endoscopic findings.
  • Results indicated that untreated aEE and mEoE are unlikely to worsen significantly over a median follow-up of 7 years, with some localized cases even showing improvement, suggesting different underlying causes between localized and diffuse types.
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Background And Aim: We previously identified that ever-smoking and severe gastric atrophy in pepsinogen are risk factors for synchronous gastric cancers (SGCs). This study aimed to determine the association of alcohol drinking status or alcohol-related genetic polymorphism with SGCs and also stratify their risk.

Methods: This multi-center prospective cohort study included patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for the initial early gastric cancers at 22 institutions in Japan.

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  • The study compared the effectiveness of blue light imaging (BLI) without magnification to Lugol chromoendoscopy (LCE) for detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in high-risk patients.
  • It found that BLI missed 18.4% of ESCC cases that LCE detected, showing that BLI had lower sensitivity (83.7%) compared to LCE (100%) but higher specificity and accuracy.
  • The study concludes that LCE following BLI is necessary for better sensitivity in detecting ESCC, even among expert endoscopists, suggesting that both methods should be used together in screenings.
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  • - This study explores the use of a GAGLESS mouthpiece in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) as a way to improve comfort and ease during the endoscopic procedure for gastric cancer screening.
  • - Conducted on 101 male patients, the research found that transnasal endoscopy with the GAGLESS mouthpiece resulted in significantly lower pain scores compared to peroral endoscopy, although both methods provided similar levels of discomfort during anesthesia.
  • - The findings suggest that the GAGLESS mouthpiece may be particularly beneficial for patients struggling with nasal endoscope insertion, as it can help reduce discomfort while enhancing gastric visibility.
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Objectives: Clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with esophageal varices (EVs) are obscure. We aimed to elucidate the clinical outcomes of ESD for ESCC with EVs in a multicenter, retrospective study.

Methods: We established a retrospective cohort of 30 patients with ESCC complicating EVs, who underwent ESD at 11 Japanese institutions.

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Objectives: The whole picture of the disturbance in endoscopy performance caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Japan remains to be clarified. Therefore, the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society-Tohoku conducted this questionnaire survey in Tohoku region of Japan.

Methods: A questionnaire on the number of diagnostic endoscopy procedures and resulting diagnosed cancers in 2019 and 2020 was sent to all guidance/guidance cooperation hospitals in the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society who worked in the Tohoku region.

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  • * A study comparing CRC samples from obese and non-obese patients revealed lower levels of TET2 and 5-hmC in obese patients, suggesting a connection between obesity and changes in these markers.
  • * Experiments with CRC cell lines showed that high glucose and insulin levels reduced TET2 expression and boosted cell growth, but using an AMPK activator reversed these effects, highlighting a potential new pathway for treating obesity-related CRC.
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Objectives: Blue light imaging (BLI) and linked color imaging (LCI) are superior to conventional white light imaging for detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Hence, we compared their diagnostic performances in ESCC screening.

Methods: This open-labeled, randomized controlled trial was performed at seven hospitals.

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  • The study investigates the link between lifestyle factors and synchronous gastric cancers (SGCs) in patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancers (EGCs).
  • Out of 850 patients studied, 16.0% were found to have SGCs, with significant risk factors identified as current smoking and severe atrophic gastritis, particularly in those who had not eradicated Helicobacter pylori.
  • The findings highlight the importance of smoking and gastritis management in reducing the risk of SGCs for patients undergoing ESD for EGCs.
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Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EoGE) is a rare digestive disorder characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the stomach and intestines. In the diagnosis of EoE, it is extremely important to recognize distinctive endoscopic findings and accurately detect increased eosinophilia in gastrointestinal tissues. However, endoscopic findings of EoGE in the small intestine remain poorly understood.

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  • * Accurate diagnosis requires the identification of eosinophil levels in esophageal tissue through endoscopy and biopsy, as there are specific endoscopic features like rings and narrowing that help in diagnosis.
  • * New technologies, including advanced imaging techniques and artificial intelligence, are being developed to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of endoscopic assessments for EoE.
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Objectives: To assess the usefulness of linked color imaging (LCI), a recently developed image-enhanced endoscopy technique, in the endoscopic diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).

Methods: Thirty white light images (WLIs) and 30 WLI+LCI images collected from patients with and without EoE were randomly and blindly reviewed by 10 endoscopists, including four experts (Exs) and six non-Exs. Edema, ring, exudate furrows, and strictures were rated on the adjusted EoE endoscopic reference score; the diagnosis of EoE was assessed.

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We herein report a very unusual case of small bowel obstruction caused by phytobezoar in a 69-year-old woman who consumed a large amount of bracken. The patient presented with nausea and vomiting. Computed tomography revealed an air-filled foreign body in the jejunum that had likely caused the small bowel obstruction.

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Purpose Existing options for attaching facial and somato prostheses, such as skin adhesives, are problematic because of microbial colonization and skin irritation. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of adhesive polyurethane gel sheets containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)-montmorillonite (Mont) for prosthesis fastening.Methods Adhesive gel sheets were fabricated as mixtures of base resin (99.

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Intramural esophageal dissection (IED), like esophageal perforation, is a rare complication of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). A 44-year-old woman who had experienced EoE for 8 years complained of food impaction, severe neck pain, and odynophagia as well as consulted the emergency unit. She was diagnosed with IED with mediastinal emphysema by enhanced computed tomography.

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Background And Aim: Obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic alterations increase the risk of colorectal cancer and adenoma (CRA). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or pancreatic disease (NAFPD) shares many risk factors with CRA that may have significant roles in its development; however, the relationship between CRA and NAFLD/NAFPD remains unclear.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 712 eligible participants without current drinking who had undergone total colonoscopy as part of a health checkup.

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  • Alcohol and smoking are known risk factors for esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN) in males, but non-drinking and non-smoking females also experience this condition, indicating unexplored mechanisms behind ESCN development.
  • A study used DNA sequencing to analyze cancer-related genes in esophageal cancer tissues from patients, revealing that 45% of female patients did not smoke or drink, contrasting with all male patients who did.
  • The findings showed that somatic variants in the CDKN2A gene were more frequent in females with no known risk habits, suggesting CDKN2A plays a crucial role in ESCN development independent of traditional risk factors.
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The typical macroscopic appearance of gastrointestinal follicular lymphoma (FL) are multiple white granules or small white polyps, called multiple lymphomatous polyposis type, and subsequent mass lesions with or without ulceration; however, an ulcer type with a stricture is extremely rare. We report a case of a 79-year-old male with severe jejunal stricture due to FL with an uncommon chromosomal translocation t(2;18)(p12;q21). The patient was treated with jejunectomy subsequent rituximab monotherapy with a favorable response.

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