Bipyridines mediate electron transfer from an electrode to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

Biocatalysts are widely used in industry, but few examples of the use of oxidoreductases, in which enzymatic function often requires electrons, have been reported. NADPH is a cofactor that supplies an electron to oxidoreductases, but is consequently inactivated and no longer able to act as an electron donor. NADP+ can not receive electrons from electrodes through straightforward electrochemistry owing to its complicated three-dimensional structure.

Order-of-magnitude enhancement in photocurrent generation of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by outer membrane deprivation.

Biophotovoltaics (BPV) generates electricity from reducing equivalent(s) produced by photosynthetic organisms by exploiting a phenomenon called extracellular electron transfer (EET), where reducing equivalent(s) is transferred to external electron acceptors. Although cyanobacteria have been extensively studied for BPV because of their high photosynthetic activity and ease of handling, their low EET activity poses a limitation. Here, we show an order-of-magnitude enhancement in photocurrent generation of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp.

Dehumidification at high temperature and high humidity by low-temperature regenerative polymers.

UCST-type poly(-acryloylglycinamide--acrylonitrile), which aggregates at a low temperature in aqueous solutions and dissolves at a high temperature, adsorbed moisture at high temperature (50 °C) and high humidity (/ = 0.96), and the adsorbent was regenerated at a low temperature (5 °C) even at high humidity (/ = 0.96).

Effects of trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenal on post-harvest strawberry.

Green leaf volatiles are emitted by green plants and induce defence responses. Those with antifungal activities in plants may replace chemicals as natural post-harvest treatments. We investigated the postharvest treatment of strawberry with trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenal and observed a decrease in the mould infection rate.

Identifying stress markers in skin gases by analysing gas collected from subjects undergoing the Trier social stress test and performing statistical analysis.

In recent years, there has been great interest in mental health disorders. It is very important for people with mental health disorders to protect themselves from the stressful conditions that can occur as part of daily life before their symptoms become worse. We attempted to identify stress markers in skin gases in order to study the stress condition non-invasively in real time.

300 mm Wafer-level, ultra-dense arrays of Au-capped nanopillars with sub-10 nm gaps as reliable SERS substrates.

The 193 nm deep UV immersion lithography is leveraged to fabricate highly dense and uniform arrays of Au-capped Si nanopillars on a 300 mm wafer level, and the substrates are applied in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for reliable molecule detection. Due to the sub-10 nm gap sizes and ultra-high array density with the lattice constant less than 100 nm, our nanopillar based substrates outperform the current commercial products in terms of the signal intensity, reproducibility and fabrication scale.

Giant cell tumor of the sternum: a case report and review of the literature.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a relatively common and locally aggressive benign bone tumor. The sternum is a rare location. To date, only four cases have been reported with detailed information.

Picometer-scale dynamical observations of individual membrane proteins: the case of bacteriorhodopsin.

In vivo measurements of dynamical conformational changes in single biomolecules under functional conditions have had a tremendous impact on molecular and cell biology. However, even single-molecule fluorescent resonance energy transfer cannot easily monitor the intramolecular dynamics in cell systems due to shortcomings in monitoring precision. Here, we report dynamical observations of irreversible intramolecular conformational changes in a single-membrane protein [bacteriorhodopsin (BR)] using diffracted x-ray tracking.