Genetic relatedness of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) strains in a 12-year-old daughter and her father in a household setting.

Modalities of intra-familial transmission of HIV-1 are not always clear. Here we describe an uncommon case of HIV transmission in a family setting, analyzed using clinical, epidemiological and nucleic-acid-based methods, and assess risk factors for intrafamilial transmission of HIV-1 infection. All sequences from the father and the daughter were grouped in the same cluster with a 100 % bootstrap value, which means that the father and his daughter were infected with highly homologous CRF01_AE.

Multiple independent introductions of HIV-1 CRF01_AE identified in China: what are the implications for prevention?

Background: HIV-1 CRF01_AE accounts for an important fraction of HIV infections in Asia including China, but little is known about the phylogenetic and evolutionary history of this CRF (circulating recombinant form). In the current study, we collected a large number of 1,957 CRF01_AE gag p17 sequences with known sampling year (1990-2010) from 5 global regions representing 15 countries to better understand the phylogenetic relationships and epidemic history of CRF01_AE strains in China.

Methodology/principal Findings: CRF01_AE gag p17 sequences were retrieved from public databases to explore phylogenetic relationships and phylogeographic dynamics of CRF01_AE in Asia by using maximum-likelihood phylogenetics and Bayesian coalescent-based analyses.

A new migration map of HIV-1 CRF07_BC in China: analysis of sequences from 12 provinces over a decade.

Background: As one of prevalence HIV-1 strains in IDUs in Asia, the origination and full transmission map of CRF07_BC is of great interested and remains unclear. In the study, we collected 769 CRF07_BC derived sequences (including 45 sequences generated in our laboratory) from 12 provinces in China for reconstructing transmission map. Meanwhile, ample historic epidemic evidences were also reviewed to assist sequences analysis.

Five new CRF07_BC near full-length sequences isolated from Sichuan, China.

The main heroine traffic from Yunnan province to the Xinjiang Autonomous Region is believed to initiate the transmission of CRF07_BC which is the predominant strain in intravenous drug users (IDUs) in China. However, the great distances between Yunnan and Xinjiang lead to an unclear and elusive diffusion process of CRF07_BC due to the absence of an important middle site such as Sichuan province. Moreover, in recent years the rapidly increasing infection rate among IDUs in the Liangshan region of Sichuan made it necessary to characterize the genetic character of the circulating strain of Sichuan IDUs.