Opposing regulation of endoplasmic reticulum retention under stress by ERp44 and PDIA6.

Conditions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reduce protein synthesis by provoking translation regulation, governed by the eIF2α kinase PERK. When PERK is inhibited during ER stress, retention of a selective subset of glycoproteins occurs, a phenomenon we termed selective ER retention (sERr). sERr clients are enriched with tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs), which form large molecular weight disulfide bonded complexes in the ER.

Phosphorylation of GCN2 by mTOR confers adaptation to conditions of hyper-mTOR activation under stress.

Adaptation to the shortage in free amino acids (AA) is mediated by 2 pathways, the integrated stress response (ISR) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). In response to reduced levels, primarily of leucine or arginine, mTOR in its complex 1 configuration (mTORC1) is suppressed leading to a decrease in translation initiation and elongation. The eIF2α kinase general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) is activated by uncharged tRNAs, leading to induction of the ISR in response to a broader range of AA shortage.

Abelacimab: A leap forward in anticoagulation with FXI and FXIa Inhibition.

Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) have revolutionized the treatment of thromboembolic disorders, offering targeted, effective, and safer alternatives to traditional anticoagulants like heparins and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Despite their benefits, DOACs have drawbacks, including an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and unsuitability for patients with mechanical heart valves. Recent research has highlighted Factor XI (FXI) as a promising anticoagulation target due to its significant role in pathological thrombosis and minor involvement in normal hemostasis.

Effect of Fluorine in Redesigning Energy-Storage Properties of High-Temperature Dielectric Polymers.

Exploration of novel polymer dielectrics exhibiting high electric-field stability and high energy density with high efficiency at elevated temperatures is urgently needed for ever-demanding energy-storage technologies. Conventional high-temperature polymers with conjugated backbone structures cannot fulfill this demand due to their deteriorated performance at elevated electric fields. Here, in search of new polymer structures, we have explored the effect of fluorine groups on the energy-storage properties of polyoxanorbornene imide polymers with simultaneous wide band gap and high glass transition temperature ().

Re-Examining Cannabidiol: Conversion to Tetrahydrocannabinol Using Only Heat.

In the last decade, the market for Cannabidiol (CBD) has grown to become a near $2 billion dollar industry in the United States alone. This growth can be attributed to a growing social acceptance of marijuana, a more detailed understanding of many health benefits attributed to cannabinoids, and the low cost and wide availibility of hemp-derived cannabinoids. Due to the complex legal histories of marijuana and cannabinoids, the stability and safety of CBD is still an area of interest as research has been restricted globally.

Assessment of dependence potential and abuse liability of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice.

Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) is a psychotropic cannabinoid produced in low quantities in the cannabis plant. Refinements in production techniques, paired with the availability of inexpensive cannabidiol substrate, have resulted in Δ-THC being widely marketed as a quasi-legal, purportedly milder alternative to Δ-THC. Yet, little research has probed the behavioral and physiological effects of repeated Δ-THC use.

Poly(cannabinoid)s: Hemp-Derived Biocompatible Thermoplastic Polyesters with Inherent Antioxidant Properties.

The legalization of hemp cultivation in the United States has caused the price of hemp-derived cannabinoids to decrease 10-fold within 2 years. Cannabidiol (CBD), one of many naturally occurring diols found in hemp, can be purified in high yield for low cost, making it an interesting candidate for polymer feedstock. In this study, two polyesters were synthesized from the condensation of either CBD or cannabigerol (CBG) with adipoyl chloride.

High dielectric constant and high breakdown strength polyimide tin complexation of the polyamide acid precursor.

Polymer dielectrics with ultra-high charge-discharge rates are significant for advanced electrical and electronic systems. Despite the fact that polymers possess high breakdown strength, the low dielectric constant () of polymers gives rise to low energy densities. Incorporating metal into polyimides (PI) at the polyamic acid (PAA) precursor stage of the synthetic process is a cheap and versatile way to improve the dielectric constant of the hybrid system while maintaining a high breakdown strength.

Flexible cyclic-olefin with enhanced dipolar relaxation for harsh condition electrification.

Flexible large bandgap dielectric materials exhibiting ultra-fast charging-discharging rates are key components for electrification under extremely high electric fields. A polyoxafluoronorbornene (-POFNB) with fused five-membered rings separated by alkenes and flexible single bonds as the backbone, rather than conjugated aromatic structure typically for conventional high-temperature polymers, is designed to achieve simultaneously high thermal stability and large bandgap. In addition, an asymmetrically fluorinated aromatic pendant group extended from the fused bicyclic structure of the backbone imparts -POFNB with enhanced dipolar relaxation and thus high dielectric constant without sacrificing the bandgap.

Long Vibrational Lifetime R-Selenocyanate Probes for Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy: Properties and Synthesis.

Ultrafast infrared vibrational spectroscopy is widely used for the investigation of dynamics in systems from water to model membranes. Because the experimental observation window is limited to a few times the probe's vibrational lifetime, a frequent obstacle for the measurement of a broad time range is short molecular vibrational lifetimes (typically a few to tens of picoseconds). Five new long-lifetime aromatic selenocyanate vibrational probes have been synthesized and their vibrational properties characterized.

Sustained Low Incidence Rates of Central Line-Associated Blood Stream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is an important cause of increased morbidity and mortality in ICUs. The occurrence of CLABSI in significantly higher in developing countries and contributes to the burden of healthcare-associated infections.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out from January 2016 to December 2019 in the intensive care unit at King Faisal Medical Complex in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

An Evaluation of Er:YAG Laser in an Intact Enamel Treatment on Bonding to the Resin Cement Compared to Four Traditional Techniques.

Aim Of Study: Evaluation of the bond strength of the resin cement after enamel conditioning with erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser compared to other four different techniques.

Materials And Methods: The study consisted of 50 enamel specimens excluded from the smooth surfaces of newly extracted human 3rd molars. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups in terms of the enamel treatment technique.

Effect of CPP-ACP on efficacy and postoperative sensitivity associated with at-home vital tooth bleaching using 20% carbamide peroxide.

Objectives: To evaluate CPP-ACP effect on colour change and tooth sensitivity (TS) associated with at-home vital tooth bleaching using 20% carbamide peroxide (CP).

Methods: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to measure the TS and tooth colour change of 24 patients at 3-day, 7-day, 14-day and 30-day periods. The participants were instructed to apply 20% CP (7 days-04 h each) followed by the application of either CPP-ACP or non-active placebo paste, delivered by the bleaching custom tray (7 days-30 min each).

An Evaluation of GuttaFlow2 in Filling Artificial Internal Resorption Cavities: An in vitro Study.

Introduction: Obturation of root canal with internal resorption represents a major challenge in Endodontics. In spite of that, usual obturation techniques are often employed without considering the best technique to solve this problem. The goal of this study was to investigate the ability of GuttaFlow2 in filling artificial internal resorption cavities.

Dental arch dimensions in subjects with beta-thalassemia major.

Aim: Thalassemia is a group of inherited hemoglobinopathies with thalassemia major representing the severe form of the disease characterized by craniofacial deformities. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed description of dental arch dimensions in subjects with thalassemia major.

Subjects And Methods: The sample consisted of 43 thalassemic subjects, 24 males and 19 females, aged 7.

Characteristics, clinical features and treatment of supernumerary teeth.

Aims: To determine the characteristics, clinical features and treatment of supernumerary teeth in a general district hospital in the North of Jordan.

Design: This retrospective study was conducted at Prince Rashid Al-Hassan Hospital in Irbid. The medical records of 139 patients who were diagnosed to have supernumerary teeth during the period April 1993 - June 2007 were reviewed.

Patulous eustachian tube complicating gastric bypass surgery.

Objective: We report the first case in the English literature of a patulous eustachian tube occurring after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for obesity.

Method: Case report of a 44-year-old woman who was referred to our ENT clinic complaining of autophonia and bilateral aural fullness. The patient had noticed these symptoms after she had undergone a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery to aid weight loss.

Soft tissue defects of the heel: a surgical reconstruction algorithm based on a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: The hindfoot is a special anatomical location, requiring unique forms of reconstruction of the thick, durable heel pad, the underlying calcaneus, and the Achilles tendon and its thin, pliable soft tissue envelope. Perhaps more than in any other region of the foot, the heel poses a reconstructive challenge to the surgeon who must consider both form and function when repairing wounds in this location. There are many possible reconstructive options, including local, distant, and free flaps.

Combined cutaneous findings with segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: Review of the literature and proposal of a new clinical classification.

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia is characterized by variability of its clinical and radiological features, and may mimic other fibro-osseous lesions. We describe the case of a segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia in a 12-year-old male comprising of dermal, gingival, bony, and dental abnormalities. He presented with left midfacial diffuse hyperkeratotic erythematous lesion, ipsilateral hypopigmentation of upper lip with indistinct vermilion border, left-sided facial swelling, unilateral maxillary enlargement and ipsilateral failure of eruption of permanent teeth.

New flap for restoration of the temporal hair line.

The authors have devised a novel method of designing a flap for coverage of posttraumatic temporal hairline alopecia. They have successfully performed restoration of temporal hairline alopecia as large as 18 x 4 cm resulting from a previous trauma treated with a primary grafting. The new method uses a simple flap designed preoperatively by Doppler based on the supraorbital vessels up to the flap's anastomosis with the occipital vessels.

Increasing the success rate of the reversed-flow fasciocutaneous island sural flap: a clinical experience in 26 cases.

The reversed-flow fasciocutaneous island sural flap is presenting one of the best reconstructive options in the distal third of the leg, around the ankle and the heel up to the metatarsals. Although the surgical maneuver of this flap and many of its modifications have been well described in previous publications, the flap is unfortunately full of reported complications. In this work, we are presenting a 26-patient series of reversed-flow fasciocutaneous island flap cases in different age, sex, and etiologic groups.

Multiple developmental dental anomalies and hypermobility type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Concurrent existence of multiple developmental dental anomalies: hypodontia of permanent mandibular incisors, dentin dysplasia, transmigration, root dilaceration, ectopic eruption and delayed eruption combined with systemic abnormalities including joint hyperlaxity and skin hyperextensibility aided in diagnosis of a sporadic case of hypermobility type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in a Jordanian Arab male. In dental practice the presence of multiple developmental dental anomalies expressing simultaneous defects in different stages of tooth development should raise suspicion of possible of manifestation of an underlying systemic abnormality.

Phenotypic diversity and revision of the nomenclature for autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the phenotype in 9 families with autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta (ARAI), and to propose a classification system allowing inclusion and delineation of diverse ARAI phenotypes.

Study Design: Nine families with ARAI were evaluated clinically and radiographically. Exfoliated and extracted teeth were examined via light and scanning electron microscopy, with the enamel in one case evaluated by amino acid analysis.