Multidisciplinary treatment of thoracic fistulous empyema caused by pulmonary infection: a retrospective study.

Background: In cases of thoracic empyema, the presence of a fistula is known to be difficult to treat and associated with a poor prognosis. Few reports have described the management of fistulous empyema caused by lung parenchymal infection. The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of multidisciplinary management of fistulous empyema caused by pneumonia or lung abscess due to common bacteria and mycobacteria.

Successful management of postoperative tracheal metastasis in small cell lung cancer with radiotherapy and durvalumab: A case report.

The patient in this report was a 73-year-old male who was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (T3N0M0 stage IIB) after presenting with a 5.5 cm tumor detected in the right lower lobe of the lung by radiography. After right lower lobectomy and lymphadenectomy, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was administered with cisplatin and etoposide.

An independent prognostic factor in surgical cases of pleural empyema caused by common bacteria is the presence of a fistula.

Objectives: Some surgical cases of pleural empyema lead to death despite multidisciplinary treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify prognostic factors in cases treated surgically for pneumonia-associated pleural effusions and empyema caused by common bacteria.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 108 surgical patients of empyema who encountered at our hospital between 2011 and 2021.

Right pneumothorax with congenital pericardial defect showed right atrium mimicking bulla in surgery.

Background: Congenital pericardial defect (CPD) is found incidentally in cases of pneumothorax. CPD is seen in left side rather than right side and it is not generally known among thoracic surgeons how the inside of the pericardial space can be seen from the thoracic cavity in cases of pericardial defect.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old man with dyspnea was referred to our hospital because of the diagnosis of right pneumothorax.

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection and a tracheal bronchus associated with lung cancer in the same lobe: classification of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in lung resection.

A 73-year-old man with primary lung adenocarcinoma (StageIA3), which was solid nodule in the posterior segment, was simultaneously diagnosed as having partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) and a tracheal bronchus in the same lobe on preoperative chest computed tomography. Right upper lobectomy was performed as the definitive treatment for both the lung cancer and the PAPVC. The superior pulmonary vein connected to the proximal superior vena cava and the pulmonary artery to the apical segment diverged at the proximal portion of the right pulmonary artery trunk along with the tracheal bronchus.

Postpneumonectomy syndrome related to the thickness of the fat tissue in the anterior mediastinum: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Postpneumonectomy syndrome (PPS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by the extrinsic compression of the mainstem bronchus after pneumonectomy, causing rapidly progressive dyspnea. Information regarding the predictive factors of this condition is limited. Thus, the current study aimed to identify the predictive findings that can help prepare the treatment of PPS in advance.

[Acute Necrotizing Esophagitis Occurred after Lung Resection for Lung Cancer].

The patient was a 78-year-old man who had undergone left lung segmentectomy (S6) with lymph node dissection for lung adenocarcinoma. One year and 5 months later, lung partial resection was performed for the lung cancer recurrence and the hematemesis was noted on the next day of surgery. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed extensive black necrosis on the mucosa of the esophagus, which was diagnosed as acute necrotizing esophagitis.

An entire clinical course of mediastinal myxofibrosarcoma treated by surgery and radiation.

A woman in her 70s with an 8.6-cm tumor in the anterior mediastinum underwent tumor excision by median sternotomy, which combined resection of the fifth and sixth ribs. The pathological diagnosis was myxofibrosarcoma, and pathologically curative resection was accomplished.

A giant mediastinal liposarcoma weighing 3500g resected with clam shell approach, a case report with review of literature.

Introduction: Liposarcoma is rare in the mediastinum and is less than 1% of all mediastinal tumors. In the present report, we demonstrated our case and summarized the principal treatment of the mediastinal liposarcoma with literature review.

Presentation Of Case: A 50-year-old man presented at our hospital with complain of dyspnea.

The first rib hypoplasia and the aberrant pulmonary artery branch detected by three-dimensional computed tomography in a surgical case with apical lung cancer, a case report.

Background: The complete resection is one of the most crucial requirements to achieve favorable outcomes in oncologic surgery. The apex of the lung is surrounded complicatedly by the clavicle, the first rib, the subclavian artery and vein, and the brachial plexus. Therefore, the image information especially about the infiltration of adjacent anatomic structures, facilitates the surgery in the apical lung cancer.

[Complete Remission after Weekly Intravenous Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel in Elderly Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer].

Case 1: An 86-year-old man was diagnosed with large cell or squamous cell lung cancer of clinical Stage II A.He was administered nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel(nab-PTX)as fourth-line chemotherapy after monochemotherapy with docetaxel, vinorelbine, and S-1.The patient continues to show complete remission at the 15 courses of nab-PTX.

Cilostazol strengthens the endothelial barrier of postcapillary venules from the rat mesentery in situ.

Objective: Although cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, has been suggested to strengthen the endothelial barrier using cultured endothelial monolayers, its effect has not been tested in vivo. We, therefore, investigated effects of cilostazol on barrier properties of postcapillary venules of the rat in situ.

Methods: Cilostazol was administered to the rats through oral gavage at 4 hours before the measurements.

Gefitinib frequently induces liver damage in patients with lung adenocarcinoma previously treated by chemotherapy.

Background: Gefitinib is known as one of the agents for treating patients with both advanced lung cancer and an epidermal growth-factor receptor mutation. In the epidermal growth-factor receptor-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer population, gefitinib therapy has been associated with increased response rate, longer progression-free survival, and better quality of life compared to other anticancer drugs. However, gefitinib has to be discontinued for patients in whom adverse events occur, even if it is still effective.

[Foreign body granuloma with positive 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positoron emission tomography( FDGPET)3 years after thymectomy].

A seventies year-old woman underwent thymo-thymectomy through a median sternotomy for type B2 thymoma. Annual screening with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and computed tomography( CT) did not show any abnormality until 3 years after surgery, when a FDG-positive lesion, 1.5 cm in diameter, was found in the top of the anterior mediastinum.

Ritodrine for intractable uterine pain due to extrapelvic malignant tumor metastases: a case report.

Background: Effective pain management is an essential component of cancer treatment as approximately 75% of all cancer patients experience excruciating nociceptive pain even at maximum safe doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or opioids. We report a case where ritodrine hydrochloride effectively controlled refractory pain due to uterine metastases from thymic carcinoma.

Case Presentation: A 40-year-old woman presented at our hospital with chest discomfort, severe right femoral pain, and intermittent hypogastralgia.

Skin rash by gefitinib is a sign of favorable outcomes for patients of advanced lung adenocarcinoma in Japanese patients.

Skin rash is one of the notorious adverse events of gefitinib as well as other epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The differences of response rate and frequency of adverse events between ethnic groups are well known. Some reports demonstrated the correlation between development of rash and efficacy in Caucasian patients treated with erlotinib, gefitinib or cetuximab.

Surgery for lung adenocarcinoma with smokers' polycythemia: a case report.

Background: Smoking is a cause of cancer and polycythemia. Therefore, surgeons who treat patients with cancer may also encounter patients with polycythemia. However, few cases of surgical patients with polycythemia have been reported; in particular, a surgical case involving smokers' polycythemia has never been reported.

Innovative segmentectomy to remove the posterior segment of the lower lobe (S¹⁰) of the lung.

We describe our innovative technique for performing segmentectomy of the posterior segment of the lower lobe of the lung, being segment number 10 (S¹⁰). In segmentectomy of S¹⁰, it is difficult to identify A¹⁰ from the interlobar fissure because the pulmonary artery to S¹⁰ (A¹⁰) branches from A(9+10) and runs dorsally and deeply into the lung tissue. Moreover, to reach S¹⁰ from the interlobar fissure, the lung tissue should be cut between S⁶ and S⁸, because S¹⁰ is not located beside the interlobar fissure.

[Complete response by S-1 with multiple pulmonary metastases 4 years after lung resection-a case report].

A male patient in his seventies presented at our hospital with a chief complaint of an abnormal shadow on a chest scout film. We suspected non-small cell carcinoma of the right upper lobe on computed tomography (CT). The patient underwent partial resection of the right upper lobe by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in May 2004, frozen sections of which showed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, consistent with the tumor size 2.

Hydrogen sulfide as an endogenous modulator of biliary bicarbonate excretion in the rat liver.

Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) is an enzyme catalyzing cystathionine and cysteine to yield cysteine and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), respectively. This study aimed to examine if H(2)S generated from the enzyme could serve as an endogenous regulator of hepatobiliary function. Gas chromatographic analyses indicated that, among rat organs herein examined, liver constituted one of the greatest components of H(2)S generation in the body, at 100 mumol/g of tissue, comparable to that in kidney and 1.

Cadmium exposure alters metabolomics of sulfur-containing amino acids in rat testes.

This study aimed to examine distribution of cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE), the hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)-generating enzymes, and metabolomic alterations in sulfur-containing amino acids in rat testes exposed to stressors. Immunohistochemistry revealed distinct distribution of the two enzymes: CBS occurred mainly in Leydig cells and was also detectable in Sertoli cells and germ cells, whereas CSE was evident in Sertoli cells and immature germ cells involving spermatogonia. The amounts of CSE and CBS in testes did not alter in response to administration of cadmium chloride, an antispermatogenic stressor leading to apoptosis.