- Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder that leads to muscle weakness due to the degeneration of nerve cells in the spinal cord, specifically affecting the anterior horn cells.
- SMA is categorized into three types: I and II (Werdnig-Hoffmann disease) and III (Kugelberg-Welander disease), with an incidence rate of about 1 in 10,000 births.
- The report discusses two infant cases diagnosed with SMA; one was identified through muscle biopsy, while the other was diagnosed using electromyography and chromosome studies, emphasizing the importance for physicians to be aware of SMA and its complications.