Impact of Gestational Diabetes on the Thymus Gland of Rat's Offspring and the Possible Ameliorating Effect of Thymoquinone: Biochemical, Histological, and Immunohistochemical Study.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) not only has short-term side effects on offspring but also has an increased risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood. The thymus gland is a vital organ of immune system and thymoquinone (TQ) has an immunomodulatory effect. This study aimed to investigate the long-term adverse effects of GDM on offspring's thymus gland and the ameliorating effect of TQ.