Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Laden in Hydrogels for Osteoarthritis Cartilage Regeneration: A Systematic Review from In Vitro Studies to Clinical Applications.

This systematic review is focused on the main characteristics of the hydrogels used for embedding the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in in vitro/ex vivo studies, in vivo OA models and clinical trials for favoring cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis (OA). PubMED and Embase databases were used to select the papers that were submitted to a public reference manager Rayyan Systematic Review Screening Software. A total of 42 studies were considered eligible: 25 articles concerned in vitro studies, 2 in vitro and ex vivo ones, 5 in vitro and in vivo ones, 8 in vivo ones and 2 clinical trials.

Autophagy Is a Crucial Path in Chondrogenesis of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Laden in Hydrogel.

Autophagy is a cellular process that contributes to the maintenance of cell homeostasis through the activation of a specific path, by providing the necessary factors in stressful and physiological situations. Autophagy plays a specific role in chondrocyte differentiation; therefore, we aimed to analyze this process in adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) laden in three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel. We analyzed chondrogenic and autophagic markers using molecular biology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.

RGD-Functionalized Hydrogel Supports the Chondrogenic Commitment of Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Articular cartilage is known to have limited intrinsic self-healing capacity when a defect or a degeneration process occurs. Hydrogels represent promising biomaterials for cell encapsulation and injection in cartilage defects by creating an environment that mimics the cartilage extracellular matrix. The aim of this study is the analysis of two different concentrations (1:1 and 1:2) of VitroGel (VG) hydrogels without (VG-3D) and with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motifs, (VG-RGD), verifying their ability to support chondrogenic differentiation of encapsulated human adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (hASCs).

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract as an Inducer of Apoptosis in Cancer Cells and Inhibitor for NLRP3 Inflammasome via Enhanced Autophagy.

is one of the most important traditional medicinal plants which contains numerous chemicals that exhibit various pharmacological properties. In this study, silver nanoparticles were prepared using peel extract as a reducing agent and the effect was enhanced through like pharmaceutical activity. AgNPs formation was confirmed by color changes, UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM, DLS, and XRD.

Impact of Isolation Procedures on the Development of a Preclinical Synovial Fibroblasts/Macrophages in an In Vitro Model of Osteoarthritis.

There is a lack ofin vitromodels able to properly represent osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissue (ST). We aimed to characterize OA ST and to investigate whether a mechanical or enzymatic digestion procedures influence synovial cell functional heterogeneity in vitro. Procedures using mechanical nondigested fragments (NDF), synovial digested fragments (SDF), and filtrated synovial digested cells (SDC) were compared.

Understandability, actionability, and readability of online patient education materials about diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the understandability, actionability, and readability of online diabetes education materials.

Summary: This was a descriptive study that identified printable diabetes education materials through an online search. Materials were included from the following sources: national organizations with materials approved by expert panels, corporations with materials subject to FDA approval, and not-for-profit organizations with inter-professional advisory boards to approve materials.