Effect of drysuit seals on intraocular pressure in non-immersed scuba divers.

Objective: This study quantifies the change in intraocular pressure (IOP) secondary to wearing neck seals in scuba diving drysuits. Previous work demonstrates significant pressures exerted by these seals; we hypothesize that they would.

Methods: IOP was measured in 33 divers before and while wearing a drysuit using rebound tonometry.

Compliance With Hydroxychloroquine Screening Guidelines at a Large Academic Medical Center.

Purpose: Long-term hydroxychloroquine use can result in irreversible maculopathy and vision loss. New screening guidelines to identify early maculopathy were issued by American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) in 2016; however, few studies have evaluated compliance with these updated guidelines.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated compliance with hydroxychloroquine maculopathy screening examinations at a large academic institution.

Glaucoma Drainage Device Erosions in Patients Receiving Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To determine if intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections are associated with an increased risk of glaucoma drainage device (GDD) erosions.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted including patients with diabetic retinopathy and had a GDD implanted at a large academic institution. The rate of GDD erosions was compared between eyes that did or did not receive intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.

Outcomes of Vitreoretinal Complications Requiring Operation after Abusive Head Trauma.

Abusive head trauma (AHT) can result in retinal complications that require operative intervention. There is no review evaluating the outcomes of vitreoretinal operations in aggregate or on the timing of vitreoretinal intervention. This systematic review aims to fill this knowledge gap.

Diagnosis and management of iatrogenic trochar-induced cyclodialysis cleft with intraoperative gonioscopy and argon endolaser.

Purpose: To report a case of iatrogenic vitrectomy trochar-induced cyclodialysis cleft successfully treated with intraoperative argon endolaser.

Observations: A 68-year-old Caucasian male with a history of high myopia underwent pars plana vitrectomy to clear symptomatic vitreous opacities but developed early postoperative hypotony that was recalcitrant to medical management for the first 6 postoperative months. Intraoperative gonioscopy demonstrated a cyclodialysis cleft and argon endolaser was applied to close the cleft.

Incontinentia pigmenti and the eye.

Purpose Of Review: Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked dominant phakomatosis that predominately presents with dermatologic manifestations but can also cause central nervous system and ocular abnormalities. Awareness of the ocular complications of IP is crucial to identify ocular abnormalities early and prevent permanent vision loss.

Recent Findings: There have been significant recent advances in ocular diagnostic imaging in IP.

Quantifying drysuit seal pressures in non-immersed scuba divers.

Introduction: Drysuits use flexible neck and wrist seals to maintain water-tight seals. However, if the seals exert too much pressure adverse physiological effects are possible, including dizziness, lightheadedness, syncope, and paresthesias in the hands. We aimed to quantify the seal pressures of neck and wrist seals in non-immersed divers.

Comparison of Outcomes From Delayed-Onset Bleb-Related Endophthalmitis Treated With Pars Plana Vitrectomy Versus Vitreous Biopsy.

Prcis: Bleb-related endophthalmitis (BRE) is a serious complication of glaucoma filtration surgery. The current study reports similar visual and intraocular pressure (IOP) outcomes in eyes treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) compared with vitreous biopsy and injection of intravitreal antibiotics (TI).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the isolated organisms, visual acuity (VA), and IOP outcomes associated with delayed-onset BRE in eyes treated with PPV versus TI.

Management of endophthalmitis related to glaucoma drainage devices: review of the literature and our experience.

Glaucoma drainage device (GDD)-related endophthalmitis is a devastating complication of device implantation. There are no guidelines in the literature to assist clinicians in deciding if the GDD should be explanted or if patients require pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). This study compares the outcomes of GDD explantation with device retention and also independently compares the outcomes of PPV versus intravitreal antibiotics alone in patients with GDD-related endophthalmitis.

Choroidal Neovascularization and Toxic Optic Neuropathy Secondary to Tobacco Use: A Case Report.

Tobacco and alcohol dependence are known to cause choroidal neovascularization and toxic optic neuropathy, although these typically occur in isolation. In this case report, we describe a 54-year-old male who presented with a juxtafoveal choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) in the left eye. Over the course of the next two years, his vision worsened significantly in both eyes, and he developed decreased color vision and paracentral scotomas.

Angiographic Review of Choroidal Involution in Eyes with Retinopathy of Prematurity Treated with Bevacizumab.

Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is considered a disease of the inner retina; however, there is increasing evidence that demonstrates choroidal vasculature loss in ROP, leading to degeneration of outer retinal function and visual deterioration. Central choroidal thinning is noted in children with history of ROP using optical coherence tomography imaging. This study characterizes the presence and persistence of choroidal loss angiographically in eyes of infants treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) for stage 3 ROP.

Correlation of central corneal thickness and associated factors in premature infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity.

Objective: Central corneal thickness (CCT) in premature infants is described in racially homogenous populations, and factors affecting CCT in infants are relatively unknown. This study describes CCT in premature infants and its association of steroid and oxygen requirements, gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), race, and their relationship with CCT and corneal haze.

Methods: CCT measurements of 87 infants/174 eyes screened for retinopathy of prematurity were taken between 30 and 44 weeks of GA.

Use of laser iridoplasty in iris incarceration of a glaucoma drainage device.

Purpose: To describe the use of laser iridoplasty to release iris incarceration occluding a glaucoma drainage device.

Observations: A 46-year-old male with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with neovascular glaucoma and subsequently had a glaucoma drainage device implanted for control of intraocular pressure. One month post-operatively, he presented with a significantly elevated intraocular pressure, thought to be due to poor drainage from iris incarceration in the device.

ERAP1: a potential therapeutic target for a myriad of diseases.

: Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a key regulator of the peptide repertoire displayed by Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I) to circulating CD8 + T cells and NK cells. Studies have highlighted the essential requirement for the generation of stable peptide MHC I in regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses in health and disease.: We review the role of ERAP1 in peptide trimming of N-terminally extended precursors that enter the ER, before loading on to MHC I, and the consequence of loss or downregulation of this activity.

Like Father, Like Daughter-inherited cutis aplasia occurring in a family with Marfan syndrome: a case report.

We present the case of a newborn with co-occurrence of Marfan syndrome and aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and a family history significant for Marfan syndrome and ACC in the father. This case details a previously unreported mutation in Marfan syndrome and describes a novel coinheritance of Marfan syndrome and ACC.

Timing and Outcomes of Vitreoretinal Surgery after Traumatic Retinal Detachment.

Traumatic retinal detachments are a significant cause of morbidity. There are currently no evidence-based guidelines on the appropriate time to perform vitreoretinal surgery to repair a traumatic retinal detachment. Early intervention, within seven days of the inciting trauma, may decrease proliferative vitreoretinopathy and postoperative endophthalmitis.

Heart Failure Induced by Perinatal Ablation of Cardiac Myosin Light Chain Kinase.

Germline knockout mice are invaluable in understanding the function of the targeted genes. Sometimes, however, unexpected phenotypes are encountered, due in part to the activation of compensatory mechanisms. Germline ablation of cardiac myosin light chain kinase (cMLCK) causes mild cardiac dysfunction with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, whereas ablation in adult hearts results in acute heart failure with cardiomyocyte atrophy.