Synergistic effects of silver nanoparticles in combination with ineffective antibiotics against multidrug resistant .

Objectives: To determine the antimicrobial activity of silver nano-particles(AgNPs) with tetracycline and ampicillin against multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively-drug resistance (XDR) .

Methods: Cross sectional non-probability purposive study was conducted from September, 2021 to May, 2022 at Microbiology department PNS Shifa, Hospital Karachi. Blood cultures of patients suspicious of typhoid fever were collected and incubated in automated Bact/Alert system.

Detection of Salmonella typhi Isolates and Ceftriaxone Strains Harbouring CTX-M-15 Gene.

Objective: To determine blaCTX-M-15(Cefotaxime-Munich) gene amongst the extensively drug resistant (XDR) Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) isolates by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR).

Study Design: Observational, cross-sectional study.

Detection of genes for superantigen toxins in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates in Karachi.

Objective: To detect genes for enterotoxins, exfoliative and toxic shock syndrome toxins in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains isolated from clinical specimens.

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Taste Masked Orally Disintegrating Pellets of Antihistaminic and Mucolytic Drug: Formulation, Characterization, and In Vivo Studies in Human.

The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of orally disintegrating pellets (ODPs) as an approach for taste masking of bitter drugs, namely, Ambroxol hydrochloride (A-HCl) and Cetirizine dihydrochloride (C-DHCl). Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with Eudragit EPO, kyron T-134, Kyron T-314, mannitol, sorbitol, MCC (Avicel PH-101), sucralose, chocolate flavor, and 5% xanthum gum. The prepared pellets were characterized for percentage yield, drug content, particle size, in vitro drug release, and in vivo evaluation on humans for taste, mouth feel, and in vivo disintegration time.

Temporal expression of extracellular products of Staphylococcus aureus in vivo mouse cage model.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that Staphylococcus aureus genome has regulatory genes which coordinate the expression of extracellular products, and particular genes not expressed in vitro conditions may be turned on in a vivo environment.

Methods: The study was conducted at the Immunology and Infectious Disease Research Laboratory (IIDRL), Microbiology Department, Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute (HEJ), Animal House, Karachi University, from July to December 2009. Micro pore Teflon cages using a mouse cage model were fixed into the subcutaneous tissue in Albino mice (BALB/c) on their dorsal surface.

Study on biofilm-forming properties of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to observe the formation of biofilm, an important virulence factor, by isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in Pakistan by different conventional methods and through electron microscopy.

Methodology: We screened 115 strains of S.

Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and autoimmune hepatitis in an asymptomatic carrier of hepatitis B virus.

Warm antibody autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, a rare disease (0.2-1 per 100,000 populations), is due to the presence of warm agglutinins that react with protein antigens on the surface of red blood cells causing their premature destruction. Here, we present a case report of a 10 year old girl who came with features of haemolytic anaemia and history of blood transfusion since 3 years.

Current pattern of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates and the emergence of vancomycin resistance.

Objective: To determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and define the possible emergence of Vancomycin resistant S.

Sensitivity and specificity of various diagnostic tests in the detection of Helicobacter pylori.

Objective: This study was conducted to detect the sensitivity and specificity of various diagnostic tests on biopsy specimens obtained from patients undergoing elective endoscopy, by culture, histopathology (special stain), urease (biochemical test) and the presence of specific antibodies by serology for the detection of Helicobacter pylori.

Place And Duration Of Study: This study was conducted in Civil Hospital, Karachi, in collaboration with Dr. Essa Laboratories and IIDRL (Immunology and Infectious Disease Research Laboratory), Karachi University, from June 99-to July 2000.