Combining interferon-γ release assays and metagenomic next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective study.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is urgently needed. We aimed to improve diagnosis rates by combining tuberculosis-interferon (IFN)-γ release assays (TB-IGRA) with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for PTB diagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective study of 29 PTB and 32 non-TB patients from our hospital was conducted between October 2022 and June 2023.

Structure-Based Discovery of Symmetric Disulfides from Garlic Extract as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors.

Microorganisms are the most common cause of food spoilage. is a common foodborne pathogen that causes food spoilage and poses a serious threat to food safety. As a crucial target in antitoxicity strategies, the quorum sensing (QS) system shows promising potential for further development.

Zidovudine in synergistic combination with nitrofurantoin or omadacycline: and in murine urinary tract or lung infection evaluation against multidrug-resistant .

Limited treatment options and multidrug-resistant (MDR) present a significant therapeutic challenge, underscoring the need for novel approaches. Drug repurposing is a promising tool for augmenting the activity of many antibiotics. This study aimed to identify novel synergistic drug combinations against based on drug repurposing.

Discovery of clinical isolation of drug-resistant with overexpression of OqxB efflux pump as the decisive drug resistance factor.

Background emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains is a public health concern that threatens global and regional security. Efflux pump-overexpressing MDR strains from clinical isolates are the best subjects for studying the mechanisms of MDR caused by bacterial efflux pumps. A strain overexpressing the OqxB-only efflux pump was screened from a clinical strain library to explore reverse OqxB-mediated bacterial resistance strategies.

Fabrication of levofloxacin-loaded porcine acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and functional assessment in urinary tract infection.

Bacterial cystitis, a commonly occurring urinary tract infection (UTI), is renowned for its extensive prevalence and tendency to recur. Despite the extensive utilization of levofloxacin as a conventional therapeutic approach for bacterial cystitis, its effectiveness is impeded by adverse toxic effects, drug resistance concerns, and its influence on the gut microbiota. This study introduces Lev@PADM, a hydrogel with antibacterial properties that demonstrates efficacy in the treatment of bacterial cystitis.

Color Conversion of Wide-Color-Gamut Cameras Using Optimal Training Groups.

The colorimetric conversion of wide-color-gamut cameras plays an important role in the field of wide-color-gamut displays. However, it is rather difficult for us to establish the conversion models with desired approximation accuracy in the case of wide color gamut. In this paper, we propose using an optimal method to establish the color conversion models that change the RGB space of cameras to the XYZ space of a CIEXYZ system.

Gallium Nitrate Enhances Antimicrobial Activity of Colistin against Klebsiella pneumoniae by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation.

Klebsiella pneumoniae, a pathogen of critical clinical concern, urgently demands effective therapeutic options owing to its drug resistance. Polymyxins are increasingly regarded as a last-line therapeutic option for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, polymyxin resistance in K.

Discovery of 2,5-disubstituted furan derivatives featuring a benzamide motif for overcoming P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance in MCF-7/ADR cell.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the drug efflux transporters that triggers multidrug resistance (MDR) in cells. Herein, by utilizing the strategies of active skeleton splicing and structural optimization on the lead compound 5 m, a total of 50 novel 2,5-disubstituted furan derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened for P-gp inhibitory activity. The structure-activity relationship analysis enabled the identification of an important pharmacophore N-phenylbenzamide, which resulted in the discovery of a promising drug lead compound Ⅲ-8.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Phenyloxadiazole Sulfoxide Derivatives as Potent Biofilm Inhibitors.

With the development of antimicrobial agents, researchers have developed new strategies through key regulatory systems to block the expression of virulence genes without affecting bacterial growth. This strategy can minimize the selective pressure that leads to the emergence of resistance. Quorum sensing (QS) is an intercellular communication system that plays a key role in the regulation of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation.

Colorimetric characterization of the wide-color-gamut camera using the multilayer artificial neural network.

In order to realize colorimetric characterization for the wide-color-gamut camera, we propose using the multilayer artificial neural network (ML-ANN) with the error-backpropagation algorithm, to model the color conversion from the RGB space of camera to the space of the CIEXYZ standard. In this paper, the architecture model, forward-calculation model, error-backpropagation model, and the training policy of the ML-ANN were introduced. Based on the spectral reflectance curves of the ColorChecker-SG blocks and the spectral sensitivity functions of the RGB channels of typical color cameras, the method of producing the wide-color-gamut samples for the training and testing of the ML-ANN was proposed.

Novel Benzo Five-Membered Heterocycle Derivatives as P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Anti-Multidrug Resistance Activity.

A proposed strategy to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) of anticancer drugs in chemotherapy is to disable the efflux function of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). In this study, based on ring-merging and fragment-growing strategies, 105 novel benzo five-membered heterocycle derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened. Exploration of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) led to the identification of with low cytotoxicity and promising reversal activity to doxorubicin in MCF-7/ADR cells.

Tone Mapping Operator for High Dynamic Range Images Based on Modified iCAM06.

This study attempted to solve the problem of conventional standard display devices encountering difficulties in displaying high dynamic range (HDR) images by proposing a modified tone-mapping operator (TMO) based on the image color appearance model (iCAM06). The proposed model, called iCAM06-m, combined iCAM06 and a multi-scale enhancement algorithm to correct the chroma of images by compensating for saturation and hue drift. Subsequently, a subjective evaluation experiment was conducted to assess iCAM06-m considering other three TMOs by rating the tone mapped images.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,5-disubstituted furan derivatives containing 1,3-thiazole moiety as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors.

α-Glucosidase, which is involved in the hydrolysis of carbohydrates to glucose and directly mediates blood glucose elevation, is a crucial therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. In this work, 2,5-disubstituted furan derivatives containing 1,3-thiazole-2-amino or 1,3-thiazole-2-thiol moiety (III-01 ∼ III-30) were synthesized and screened for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. α-Glucosidase inhibition assay demonstrated that all compounds had IC in the range of 0.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of benzoheterocyclic sulfoxide derivatives as quorum sensing inhibitors in .

Six series of benzoheterocyclic sulfoxide derivatives were designed and synthesised as () quorum sensing inhibitors in this paper. We experimentally demonstrated that significantly inhibited the formation of PAO1 biofilm without affecting the growth. Further mechanistic studies showed that affected the luminescence of quorum sensing reported strain PAO1-- and the production of PAO1 elastase virulence factor which was regulated by system.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel phenylfuran-bisamide derivatives as P-glycoprotein inhibitors against multidrug resistance in MCF-7/ADR cell.

The co-administration of anticancer drugs and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors was a treatment strategy to surmount multidrug resistance (MDR) in anticancer chemotherapy. In this study, novel phenylfuran-bisamide derivatives were designed as P-gp inhibitors based on target-based drug design, and 31 novel compounds were synthesized and screened on MCF-7/ADR cells. The result of bioassay revealed that compound y12d exhibited low cytotoxicity and promising MDR reversal activity (IC = 0.

The Analysis of Drug-Resistant Bacteria from Different Regions of Anhui in 2021.

Purpose: To analyze the differences in clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens among northern Anhui, central Anhui, and southern Anhui in 2021, and to provide a basis for the rational use of drugs for clinicians in different regions.

Methods: Nonrepetitive pathogens isolated from clinical samples of inpatients and outpatients from 59 member units with qualified data in 2021 were obtained from the Anhui Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System, which was divided into northern Anhui, central Anhui, and southern Anhui by region. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analyses were carried out using the Vitek 2 Compact and standard disc diffusion method.

2,5-Disubstituted furan derivatives containing imidazole, triazole or tetrazole moiety as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors.

α-Glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are oral antidiabetic drugs, preferably used in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, that delay the absorption of carbohydrates from the gastrointestinal system. In this work, 2,5-disubstituted furan derivatives containing imidazole, triazole or tetrazole moiety (III-01 ∼ III-45) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, HRMS, H NMR, C NMR and single crystal X-ray. Their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase was screened.

Targeting Clostridioides difficile: New uses for old drugs.

Clostridioides difficile bacteria can cause life-threatening diarrhea and colitis owing to limited treatment options and unacceptably high recurrence rates among infected patients. This necessitates the development of alternative routes for C. difficile treatment.

Discovery of a series of 5-phenyl-2-furan derivatives containing 1,3-thiazole moiety as potent Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase inhibitors.

Gut microbial β-glucuronidases have drawn much attention due to their role as a potential therapeutic target to alleviate some drugs or their metabolites-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. In this study, fifteen 5-phenyl-2-furan derivatives containing 1,3-thiazole moiety (1-15) were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase (EcGUS). Twelve of them showed satisfactory inhibition against EcGUS with IC values ranging from 0.

Quantitative analysis of impurities in leucomycin bulk drugs and tablets: A high performance liquid chromatography-charged aerosol detection method and its conversion to ultraviolet detection method.

Toxic impurities were found in leucomycin and its preparation, however the content determination of impurities was challengeable due to the lacking of their reference standards. In this study, we developed high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with charged aerosol detection (CAD) for the quantification of related substance of leucomycin (kitasamycin) bulk drugs and tablets, however, the CAD was not yet popular. In order to carry out quantitation work conveniently in the laboratory without CAD instruments, a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed with the assistant of the HPLC-CAD results.

Design, synthesis and bioactivity study on 5-phenylfuran derivatives as potent reversal agents against P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in MCF-7/ADR cell.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon in which cells become resistant to structurally and mechanistically unrelated drugs resulting in low intracellular drug concentrations. It is one of the noteworthy problems in malignant tumor clinical therapeutics. So P-gp protein is one of the ideal targets to solve MDR.

2,5-Disubstituted furan derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety as potent α-glucosidase and E. coli β-glucuronidase inhibitors.

In this paper, the 2,5-disubstituted furan derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole were synthesized and screened for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and β-glucuronidases to obtain potent α-glucosidase inhibitor 9 (IC = 0.186 μM) and E. coli β-glucuronidase inhibitor 26 (IC = 0.