Role of photon-counting computed tomography in pediatric cardiovascular imaging.

Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) represents a significant advancement in pediatric cardiovascular imaging. Traditional CT systems employ energy-integrating detectors that convert X-ray photons into visible light, whereas PCCT utilizes photon-counting detectors that directly transform X-ray photons into electric signals. This direct conversion allows photon-counting detectors to sort photons into discrete energy levels, thereby enhancing image quality through superior noise reduction, improved spatial and contrast resolution, and reduced artifacts.

Bevacizumab: The future of chronic subdural hematoma.

Bevacizumab (BCZ), commercially known as Avastin, is a monoclonal antibody that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Initially recognized as a breakthrough in oncology, it has since gained FDA approval for various ocular conditions and more recently, for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Bevacizumab's ability to inhibit excessive neovascularization suggests it may have a potential role in treating chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH).

Comprehensive Analysis of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibromas via Whole-Exome Sequencing.

Introduction: The molecular basis and mechanisms of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNA) pathogenesis are still unknown. Despite being a rare and benign neoplasm, JNA is a locally aggressive and potentially destructive head and neck neoplasm, typically found in young males. The advancement of genome technologies and analytical tools has provided an unparalleled opportunity to explore the intricacy of JNA.

Metagenome Analysis of Cholesteatoma-associated Bacteria: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Cholesteatoma usually harbors a poly-microbial infection. As the diversity of bacterial pathogens in the Indian COM is unknown, we set out to identify the bacteria associated with cholesteatoma disease in different patients of North India using targeted metagenomic analysis of the 16 S rRNA gene.

Methods: We recruited 15 patients of cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media (COM), who underwent surgical disease clearance.

Gesture generation by the robotic hand for aiding speech and hard of hearing persons based on indian sign language.

Speech and hearing impairments are among the most common problems in Indian societies. It can affect anyone, whether children, adults, or more. Many different treatments can help to overcome hearing problems.

Advances in Tumor Management: Harnessing the Potential of Histotripsy.

Tissue ablation techniques have long been used in clinical settings to treat various oncologic diseases. However, many of these techniques are invasive and can cause substantial adverse effects. Histotripsy is a noninvasive, nonionizing, nonthermal tissue ablation technique that has the potential to replace surgical interventions in various clinical settings.

State of the art in the diagnostic evaluation of osteomyelitis: exploring the role of advanced MRI sequences-a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Osteomyelitis, a severe bone infection caused mainly by pyogenic organisms, poses diagnostic challenges due to its non-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations. Conventional MRI, though the imaging modality of choice, often exhibits signal abnormalities with overlapping differential diagnoses, potentially leading to overestimation of infection extent and duration. To address these limitations, advanced MRI sequences, including dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and Dixon techniques have emerged as promising alternatives.

Revolutionizing cardiovascular care: the power of histotripsy.

Histotripsy, an innovative ultrasonic technique, is poised to transform the landscape of cardiovascular disease management. This review explores the multifaceted applications of histotripsy across various domains of cardiovascular medicine. In thrombolysis, histotripsy presents a non-invasive, drug-free, and precise method for recanalizing blood vessels obstructed by clots, minimizing the risk of vessel damage and embolism.

Relative motion orthoses for early active motion after finger extensor and flexor tendon repairs: A systematic review.

Background: The relative motion (RM) orthosis was introduced over 40 years ago for extensor tendon rehabilitation and more recently applied to flexor tendon repairs.

Purpose: We systematically reviewed the evidence for RM orthoses following surgical repair of finger extensor and flexor tendon injuries including indications for use, configuration and schedule of orthosis wear, and clinical outcomes.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Expression of Cytokeratins in Acquired Cholesteatoma and Its Clinico-Radiological Correlation.

Background And Objectives: Cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media acquires epithelial proliferation and differentiation characteristics, which render it able to erode the underlying bone and cause complications. We attempt to characterize the cholesteatoma epithelium by observing the expression of cytokeratins (such as 34ße12, CK17, and CK13) and Ki67 among patients with cholesteatoma with different aggressiveness as compared to disease-free controls. Subjects and.

Trans-Scleral Plugs Fixated FIL SSF IOL: A Review of the Literature and Comparison with Other Secondary IOL Implants.

To revise the current literature on FIL SSF (Carlevale) intraocular lens, previously known as Carlevale lens, and to compare their outcomes with those from other secondary IOL implants. We performed a peer review of the literature regarding FIL SSF IOLs until April 2021 and analyzed the results only of articles with a minimum of 25 cases and a follow-up of at least 6 months. The searches yielded 36 citations, 11 of which were abstracts of meeting presentations that were not included in the analysis because of their limited data.

Financial Conflicts of Interest in Propensity Score-Matched Studies Evaluating Biologics and Biosimilars for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Propensity score matching (PSM), a statistical technique that estimates a treatment effect by accounting for predictor covariates, has been used to evaluate biologics for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Financial conflicts of interest are prevalent in the marketing of biologic medications. It is unclear whether this burden of conflicts is present among authors of PSM studies comparing IBD biologics and biosimilars.

Curcumin in Retinal Diseases: A Comprehensive Review from Bench to Bedside.

Recent evidence in basic science is leading to a growing interest in the possible role of curcumin in treating retinal diseases. Curcumin has been demonstrated to be able to modulate gene transcription and reduce ganglion cell apoptosis, downgrade VEGF, modulate glucose levels and decrease vascular dysfunction. So far, the use of curcumin has been limited by poor bioavailability; to overcome this issue, different types of carriers have been used.

, the conserved mitochondrial YihA GTPase family member, is required for de novo Cox1 synthesis at suboptimal temperatures in .

The synthesis of Cox1, the conserved catalytic-core subunit of Complex IV, a multisubunit machinery of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system under environmental stress, has not been sufficiently addressed. In this study, we show that the putative YihA superfamily GTPase, Mrx8, is a bona fide mitochondrial protein required for Cox1 translation initiation and elongation during suboptimal growth condition at 16°C. Mrx8 was found in a complex with mitochondrial ribosomes, consistent with a role in protein synthesis.

Do authors of research funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research comply with its open access mandate?: A meta-epidemiologic study.

Background: Since 2008, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) has mandated that studies it funds either in whole or in part are required to publish their results as open access (OA) within 12 months of publication using either online repositories and/or OA journals. Yet, there is evidence that authors are poorly compliant with this mandate. Specifically, there has been an apparent decrease in OA publication after 2015, which coincides with a change in the OA policy during the same year.

Can robotics be the future of ophthalmic surgery?

The future of robotic ophthalmologic surgery looks promising. Innovations in robotic technology and artificial intelligence may provide an ideal machine-human interface with planned and precise movements minimizing unwanted tissue damage and improving clinical outcomes.