Turkish Society of Gastroenterology: Pancreas Working Group, Acute Pancreatitis Committee Consensus Report.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a clinical condition that arises acutely in the pancreas through various inflammatory pathways due to multiple causes. Turkish Society of Gastroenterology Pancreas Working Group developed comprehensive guidance statements regarding the management of AP that include its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, disease severity, treatment, prognosis, local and systemic complications. The statements were developed through literature review, deliberation, and consensus opinion.

Hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with fatty pancreas (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease).

Objectives: Increasing visceral fat deposition with raised prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is associated with many adverse conditions, especially cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Although there are many studies that investigate hepatic steatosis in hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study investigating its relationship with pancreatic steatosis. In the present study, the purpose was to investigate this relationship.

Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Incidental Focal F-FDG Uptake in Colon on PET/CT Imaging.

Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of focal uptake in the colon on fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) studies performed for the evaluation of malignancies other than colon, to detect the rate of malignancy in incidental focal F-FDG avid colonic lesions and to investigate if any possible role of maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) values in the discrimination of malignant lesions from premalignant and benign ones exist.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the files of 8,017 patients with known or suspected malignancy, who underwent whole-body F-FDG PET/CT at our institution during the period November 2017 to November 2019. Patients showing a single site of focally increased colonic F-FDG uptake that was more intense compared to liver uptake on F-FDG PET studies and referred to colonoscopy were enrolled in the study.

The Effect of Gastric Colonization on Nasal Functions.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gastric colonization on nasal functions. The study enrolled patients (n = 100) who underwent endoscopy for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) were identified by Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) and Reflux Finding Score (RFS).

Pachychoroid Pigment Epitheliopathy and Choroidal Thickness Changes in Coeliac Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal thickness in patients with coeliac disease (CD) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to compare the results to normal eyes.

Methods: Seventy patients with CD and 70 healthy controls were included in this prospective, comparative study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic evaluation and SD-OCT.

Whipple's Disease: A Case Report.

Objective: Whipple's disease is a very rare systemic infectious disease with an annual incidence of 3 in one million, which may be fatal if not diagnosed and treated appropriately.

Clinical Presentation And Intervention: Herein we describe a 49-year-old patient admitted to the hospital with symptoms of severe malabsorption and diagnosed with Whipple's disease. The diagnosis was based on the histopathological findings of small intestine biopsies and PCR analysis.

Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome.

Chanarin Dorfman syndrome is a multisystem, very rare, autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder, characterized by the accumulation of lipid vacuoles in neutrophils, and was first described by Dorfman in 1974. Due to a mutation in the ABHD5 gene of the short arm of chromosome 3, lipid is stored in the granulocytes at various sites in the human body, such as the muscle, liver, eye, ear, central nervous system, and bone marrow. Clinically, the disease is presented with ichthyosis, hearing loss, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, cirrhosis, cataract, keratopathy, myopathy, and mental retardation.

The correlation between tenascin-C expression, and formation of intestinal stricture.

Objective: A strong correlation exists between tenascin-C induction, and acute inflammation. Generally increased tenascin-C concentrations are correlated with various inflammatory, and infectious diseases. In patients with diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) presence of tenascin-C in colonic mucosa demonstrates tissue repair, and its mucosal concentrations are correlated with local disease activity Therefore plasma levels of tenascin-C have been demonstrated to be a helpful indicator of the activity of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Relationship between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels and inflammatory bowel disease type and activity.

Background And Aim: Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a recently identified molecule, which is bacteriostatic, has tissue destructive effects and is pro-inflammatory with chemoattractant molecule binding properties. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between serum NGAL levels and the type and level of disease activity of IBD.

Methods: A total of 92 patients [43 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 49 with ulcerative colitis (UC)], and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in this study.

Comparison of the efficacy of entecavir and tenofovir in chronic hepatitis B.

Background/aims: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of entecavir and tenofovir in nucleos(t)ide-naive chronic hepatitis B patients after 48 weeks of therapy.

Methodology: We retrospectively reviewed our data of chronic hepatitis B patients. Nucleos(t)ide-naive patients who had received entecavir or tenofovir for at least 48 weeks were included.

Liver biopsy: ultrasonography guidance is not superior to the blind method.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience with adequate liver biopsy samples and compare the complication rates of blind and US-guided biopsies, as well as to compare the histological yield of blind and US-guided biopsy specimens.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 205 consecutive patients that underwent liver biopsies during a 12-month period. Liver biopsy was performed via the blind method in 152 patients, and via US-guidance in 53 patients.

Oxidative stress in Helicobacter pylori infection: does supplementation with vitamins C and E increase the eradication rate?

Aim: This study aims to assess the antioxidant property of vitamins E and C in Helicobacter pylori infection, and to determine if adding them to standard triple therapy plus bismuth subcitrate increases the H. pylori eradication rate.

Methods: This study included 160 patients infected with H.