Retrospective analysis of hemophilia B in Turkey: identifying main characteristics and treatment options.

Background: Hemophilia B (HB), an X-linked recessive inherited bleeding disorder, exhibits a high prevalence among males.

Objectives: To present the first national cohort of persons with HB to define the demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns in Turkey.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 433 alive persons with HB registered in 35 centers between 1961 and 2018.

Endothelium-derived Microparticles Are Increased in Teenagers With Cobalamin Deficiency.

Introduction: Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) deficiency may be a significant cause of hyperhomocysteinemia, and high homocysteine (Hcy) levels are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Endothelium-derived microparticles (EMPs) are a new marker in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, which play a role in cardiovascular diseases' pathogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the EMPs, the markers of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, and lipid profile in teenagers with cobalamin deficiency.

Increased asymmetric dimethylarginine in vitamin B12 deficient adolescents.

Objective: Vitamin B12 deficiency induces hyper-hyperhomocysteinemia by inhibiting intracellular methionine re-methylation. Hyper-hyperhomocysteinemia increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and its level elevates in cardiovascular diseases.

Left ventricular myocardial deformation abnormalities in seizure-free children with epilepsy.

Purpose: Although there is a higher risk of structural cardiac disease in people with epilepsy, there is no detailed advanced analysis of cardiac functions in patients with epilepsy. This study aimed to determine early echocardiographic findings of Left Ventricular (LV) dysfunction using cardiac strain technique in seizure-free children with epilepsy.

Method: The study investigated 60 children with epilepsy who had no seizures in the preceding 6 months, without any known cardiovascular disease and treated with one antiepileptic drug and 60 healthy subjects who underwent clinical evaluation including electrocardiography (ECG), standard echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (2DSTE).

Factors that predict disease severity in atopic dermatitis: The role of serum basal tryptase.

Background: Increased numbers of mast cells that contain tryptase are found in lesional atopic dermatitis (AD) skin. The association of serum basal tryptase (sBT) with anaphylactic reactions and mast cell diseases has recently been shown in children with venom and food allergy.

Objective: We aimed to identify the risk factors that predict the severity of AD and the association of sBT levels with AD and disease severity.

Assessment of inappropriate antibiotic use in pediatric patients: Point-prevalence study.

Aim: This study aimed to determine inappropriate antibiotic use in a children's hospital using the point-surveillance method.

Material And Methods: One hundred thirteen hospitalized patients were included in the study on the study day. In all patients, data regarding age, sex, antibiotic use, type and dose of antibiotic if used, multiple antibiotic use, presence or absence of consultation with infectious diseases specialist before initiation of antibiotic, form of antibiotic use (empiric, targeted or prophylactic), and reason for antibiotic use were recorded.

Using a high-flow nasal cannula provides superior results to OxyMask delivery in moderate to severe bronchiolitis: a randomized controlled study.

The effectiveness of using a face mask with a small diffuser for oxygen delivery (OxyMask) was compared to use of a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with moderate or severe bronchiolitis.The study population in this open, phase 4, randomized controlled trial consisted of 60 patients aged 1-24 months diagnosed with moderate or severe bronchiolitis and admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for oxygen therapy. The patients were randomized into two groups according to the method of oxygen delivery: a diffuser mask group and an HFNC group.

Use of a chlorhexidine-impregnated dressing reduced catheter-related bloodstream infections caused by Gram-positive microorganisms.

Objective: We compared the protective effects of secure Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHG)-containing dressings with those of non-antimicrobial transparent dressings.

Methods: This prospective, comparative, single-center clinical study was conducted in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit from October 2014 to March 2017. The inclusion criterion was catheterization of the jugular vein for ≥48 hour.

Increased Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children with Zinc Deficiency.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to determine the presence of iron (Fe) deficiency and Fe deficiency anemia in children with zinc (Zn) deficiency.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study comprised 560 patients aged 6 months to 16 years in whom Zn levels in hair samples were measured concurrently with serum levels of ferritin, Fe, Fe-binding capacity, and blood count analysis. For all patients, we retrospectively assessed serum ferritin, serum Fe, Fe-binding capacity, transferrin saturation index, red blood cell count, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and red cell distribution width (RDW).

High Doses of Boron Have No Protective Effect Against Nephrolithiasis or Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model.

Boron plays roles in the metabolism of calcium, vitamin D, steroid hormones, healthy bone development, and maintenance of cell membranes. The biological effects of boron are dose-dependent but follow a U-shaped pattern, rendering it important to define the active range. The studies of Bahadoran et al.

A retrospective evaluation of blood cultures in a pediatric intensive care unit: a three year evaluation.

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to retrospectively assess the frequency and antibiotic resistance of microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of patients in a pediatric intensive care unit.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted on blood culture tests obtained from patients in a pediatric intensive care unit and sent to a microbiology laboratory between 2013 and 2016. The species and antibiotic susceptibilities were assessed in microorganisms isolated from the blood cultures.

Evaluation of Microorganisms Causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify microorganisms causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and also study the antibiotic resistance/susceptibility.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively assessed microorganisms isolated from patients diagnosed with VAP in a pediatric intensive care unit between January 1, 2014, and June 30, 2016.

Results: We included 44 patients diagnosed with VAP.

The eyes of children with celiac disease.

Purpose: To determine possible eye involvement in pediatric patients with celiac disease.

Methods: Children (aged 5-18 years) with classic celiac disease and sex- and age-matched controls were included. In addition to a complete ophthalmologic examination, all patients were scanned by a Scheimpflug camera and spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and Schirmer and break-up time (BUT) tests were performed.

Diagnostic role of mean platelet volume and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in childhood brucellosis.

Background/aims: Brucellosis patients present various non-specific clinical symptoms, such as fever, fatigue, sweating, joint pain, arthritis, myalgia, and headache. Based on the nonspecifity of its clinical signs and symtoms, we decided to evaluate whether mean platelet volume (MPV) , neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) will contribute to the diagnosis.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed hospital-records of 60 children with a confirmed diagnosis of brucellosis in Kayseri between January 2013 and January 2016, and compared the hematological parameters; white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, MPV, NLR, and PLR with 55 healthy age and gender matched children.

Dermatological Findings in Turkish Paediatric Haematology-Oncology Patients.

Objective: Diagnoses of skin, mucosae, hair and nail manifestations in malignant diseases are often challenging because of life-threatening drug reactions, opportunistic infections or skin involvement of primary processes. Description of morphology, configuration and distribution of lesions is important in order to differentiate the self-healing eruptions from serious side effects of chemotherapy. There are case reports from Turkey including dermatological manifestations of malignancies and case series in adult patients but there are no published large group studies assessing all manifestations in children.

Comparing the Efficacy of 7%, 3% and 0.9% Saline in Moderate to Severe Bronchiolitis in Infants.

Background: There is no standard treatment option in acute bronchiolitis. 3-7% hypertonic saline (HS) seems to be the effective treatment choice for reducing the hospitalization day.

Aims: To compare the effect of nebulized 7% HS/salbutamol and 3% HS/salbutamol to 0.

Reduction in mean platelet volume in children with acute bronchiolitis.

Aim: Platelets which are known to play a role in inflamation change their shapes when they are activated and this change is reflected in mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width values. Therefore, the mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width values are considered to be beneficial parameters for the diagnosis and treatment of many inflammatory diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate platelet volume indices in children with acute bronchiolitis.

Bullous Dermatitis and Skin Necrosis Developing after Adrenalin Extravasation.

Extravasation of vasopressors can have serious complications varying from simple local reactions to skin necrosis and compartment syndrome. Here, we presented bullous dermatitis and skin necrosis which developed due to extravasation of adrenalin infusion in a Hodgkin lymphoma patient with septic shock who was admitted due febrile neutropenia.

Hypopituitarism and Legg-Calve-Perthes disease related to difficult delivery.

Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP) disease is characterized by idiopathic avascular osteonecrosis of the epiphysis of the femur head. The main factor that plays a role in the etiology of the disease is decreased blood flow to the epiphysis. Many predisposing factors have been suggested in the etiology of LCP disease, and most have varying degrees of effects.

Measurement of hair iron concentration as a marker of body iron content.

The aim of the present study was to define the possible association between blood parameters and hair iron concentration in patient groups showing a difference in body iron content. The study population comprised subjects with iron deficiency anaemia and transfusion-related anaemia with different body iron contents and a healthy control group. All the cases included in the study were examined with respect to hair iron concentration, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation and erythrocyte markers in the total blood count with ferritin values.

Diabetic euglycemic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus during Ramadan fasting.

Real euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA; blood glucose <200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)] is rare, and long-lasting starvation conditions due to intervening diseases in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients may also cause it. Euglycemic DKA is also reported in insulin-dependent diabetics with depression, alcoholics, glycogen storage diseases, and chronic liver disease apart from pregnant cases.

Compare the effects of intravenous and intraperitoneal mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on ultrafiltration failure in a rat model of chronic peritoneal dialysis.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the possible healing effects of intraperitoneal (IP) and intravenous (IV) mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on ultrafiltration failure (UFF) in a chronic rat model of peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: Rats were initially divided into two groups. The UFF-group received once-daily IP injections of 20 mL of 3.

Erythropoietin improves brain development in short-term hypoxia in rat embryo cultures.

Background: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy continues to be a significant cause of death and disability worldwide. Erythropoietin (EPO) has the potential to lessen neurologic sequelae due to hypoxia-ischemia.

Methods: The in vitro effects of EPO on total embryonic development and brain VEGF receptor (VEGFR) expressions were investigated in 50 rat embryos at 9.

SHOULD FISH TEST BE PERFORMED TO ALL PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER?

CerbB2 receptor determination is very important for the prognosis and treatment of breast cancer. The most used two methods for CerbB2 receptor determination are immunohistochemistry and FISH methods. FISH method is recommended for immunohistochemically CerbB2 (++) patient group.