Effectiveness of testosterone therapy in hypogonadal patients and its controversial adverse impact on the cardiovascular system.

Testosterone is the major male hormone produced by testicles which are directly associated with man's appearance and secondary sexual developments. Androgen deficiency starts when the male hormonal level falls from its normal range though, in youngsters, the deficiency occurs due to disruption of the normal functioning of pituitary, hypothalamus glands, and testes. Thus, testosterone replacement therapy was already known for the treatment of androgen deficiency with lesser risks of producing cardiovascular problems.

Effect of clarithromycin pre-treatment on the pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide after their simultaneous oral intake.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the influence of enzyme suppression on the values of various pharmacokinetic factors of orally administered metoclopramide.

Method: This study was conducted in two phases and a 4-week duration was adopted for drug washout. This randomized study involved 12 healthy human volunteers who received a single oral dose of metoclopramide 20 mg.

Dissecting Streptococcus pyogenes interaction with human.

Streptococcus pyogenes is a species of Gram-positive bacteria. It is also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS) that causes pathogenesis to humans only. The GAS infection has several manifestations including invasive illness.