Genotypes of ANKK1 and DRD2 genes and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components: A cross-sectional study on Iranian women.

We aimed to investigate the association between polymorphism of DRD2/ANKK1 gene with MetS and its components. Women (n = 531, aged 19-50 years) from the North-west of Iran were included by cluster sampling method. Polymorphisms of ANKK1 and DRD2 genes were defined in the study population.

Associations of the ANKK1 and DRD2 gene polymorphisms with overweight, obesity and hedonic hunger among women from the Northwest of Iran.

Background: Pleasure from palatable foods can stimulate hedonic eating and, therefore, might be a major culprit for obesity. Dopamine receptor polymorphisms, especially variants in the genes regulating the D2 receptor, including ANKK1 and DRD2, are the prime candidates for assessing the individual differences in hedonic eating. This study was carried out to investigate the possible associations of the T (rs1800497) and Del (rs1799732) alleles with body mass index (BMI) and hedonic hunger among Iranian Azeri women.

Circulating endocannabinoids in insulin sensitive vs. insulin resistant obese postmenopausal women. A MONET group study.

Objective: To measure the circulating levels of endocannabinoids and related molecules at fasting, after acute hyperinsulinemia and after weight loss in insulin sensitive vs. insulin resistant obese postmenopausal women.

Design And Methods: The sample consisted of 30 obese postmenopausal women (age: 58.

Liver fat accumulation may be dissociated from adiposity gain in ovariectomized rats.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to establish a model of rats prone and resistant to intra-abdominal fat accumulation in response to ovariectomy (Ovx-P and Ovx-R) and to determine its relationship with molecular biomarkers.

Design: Two experiments were conducted in which female rats were either sham-operated (Sham) or ovariectomized (Ovx). In the first experiment, ovariectomized rats were stratified into three tertiles based on intra-abdominal adipose tissue mass.

Effects of exercise training on molecular markers of lipogenesis and lipid partitioning in fructose-induced liver fat accumulation.

The present study was designed to investigate the impact of exercise training on lipogenic gene expression in liver and lipid partitioning following the ingestion of a high fructose load. Female rats were exercise-trained for 8 wk or kept sedentary before being submitted to a fasting/refeeding protocol. Rats were further subdivided as follow: rats were fasted for 24 h, refed a standard diet for 24 h, starved for another 24 h, and refed with a standard or a high-fructose diet 24 h before sacrifice.

Relationship between the percentage of predicted cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in premenopausal women: a MONET study.

Objective: To determine the relationships between the percentage predicted cardiorespiratory fitness (%CRF) and the anthropometric and metabolic cardiovascular disease risk factors in asymptomatic, premenopausal women.

Methods: Data are baseline values obtained in 97 healthy premenopausal women (age 49.9 +/- 1.

Exercise training decreases hepatic SCD-1 gene expression and protein content in rats.

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of saturated-derived monounsaturated fats that are the major constituents of very-low-density-lipoproteins-triacylglycerol (VLDL-TAG) and are involved in regulating cellular metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week exercise training program on the hepatic gene expression of this crucial enzyme. Female rats either trained (TR) or kept sedentary (Sed) for 8 weeks were submitted either to standard (SD) diet for 8 or for 6 weeks followed by high-fat (HF; 42% kcal) diet for 2 weeks.

Resistance training attenuates fat mass regain after weight loss in ovariectomized rats.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maintaining only one of the two components of a food restriction (FR)+resistance training (RT) regimen on the regain of body weight and fat mass (liver and adipocytes) in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats.

Methods: Five week Ovx rats were submitted to a weight loss program consisting of a 26% FR combined with RT (OvxFR+RT) for 8 weeks. RT consisted of climbing a 1.

Does exercise training prior to ovariectomy protect against liver and adipocyte fat accumulation in rats?

Objective: To determine whether a training state protects against the metabolically deleterious effects of ovariectomy on liver and adipocyte fat accumulation in rats.

Design: Female rats were randomly assigned to each group (n = 8 rats/group). The animals were first either exercise-trained (Tr) for 6 weeks or kept sedentary (Sed) before being sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized (Ovx), or ovariectomized with 17beta-estradiol supplementation (OvxE2).

Exercise training decreases plasma leptin levels and the expression of hepatic leptin receptor-a, -b, and, -e in rats.

In addition to acting in the central nervous system, leptin also acts on peripheral tissues such as liver to provide a protection against lipid accretion. Previous evidence from human and animal model indicates that exercise training reduces circulating leptin levels beyond the changes in adiposity levels. Because liver is one of the main peripheral organs for leptin action, this present study was designed to determine whether leptin receptors expression in liver is changed by exercise training.

Substituting food restriction by resistance training prevents liver and body fat regain in ovariectomized rats.

Objective: Fat mass gain and regain following weight loss are major concerns and may be even more critical after menopause. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of a resistance training protocol on body weight and fat mass in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats following diet-induced weight loss.

Design: Rats were randomly divided into ovariectomized (Ovx) and sham-operated (Sham) groups.

Liver of ovariectomized rats is resistant to resorption of lipids.

Ovarian hormones have been shown to regulate liver lipid accumulation in rats. The present study was designed to evaluate liver lipid resorption in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats. Ovx and sham-operated (Sham) rats were submitted to a high-fat (HF; 43% kcal fat as energy) diet for 5 weeks and then either maintained on this diet or switched to a standard (SD; 12.

Effect of the detraining status on high-fat diet induced fat accumulation in the adipose tissue and liver in female rats.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in previously trained rats that have been detrained for different periods. Two groups of female rats were, first, either treadmill trained for 8 weeks or remained sedentary (Sed). Trained animals, thereafter, remained inactive for 4 weeks (Inact-4 weeks), while fed a standard diet, before being submitted to a high-fat diet (42% kcal of fat) for an additional 2 or 6 weeks.

Effects of ingesting a high-fat diet upon exercise-training cessation on fat accretion in the liver and adipose tissue of rats.

The purpose of the present study was to determine if exercise trained rats might benefit from protection against fat accumulation in response to an obesity stimulus initiated upon training cessation. Two groups of female rats were either treadmill trained for 8 weeks (DTr) or remained sedentary (Sed). They were then submitted either to a high-fat diet (HF; 42 E%) or kept on a standard diet (SD; 12.

Effects of alternations (10 days) of high-fat with normal diet on liver lipid infiltration, fat gain, and plasma metabolic profile in rats.

The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that short-term alternations of high-fat with normal chow feeding result in higher fat accumulation in liver than continuous intake of the same high-fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (7 weeks of age) were divided into 3 groups according to diet composition: standard chow (SD; 12,5% kcal as fat), high-fat (HF; 42% kcal as fat), and food cycles (FC) consisting of 10-day alternations between HF and SD diets beginning with the high-fat diet. Rats in each of these 3 groups were sacrificed after 10, 30, and 50 days (n = 10 rats/sub-groups).