CPK10 protein kinase regulates Arabidopsis tolerance to boron deficiency through phosphorylation and activation of BOR1 transporter.

Boron (B) is crucial for plant growth and development. B deficiency can impair numerous physiological and metabolic processes, particularly in root development and pollen germination, seriously impeding crop growth and yield. However, the molecular mechanism underlying boron signal perception and signal transduction is rather limited.

Intravenous tranexamic acid for intracerebral meningioma resections: A randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial.

Study Objectives: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic that is widely used to reduce surgical bleeding. However, TXA occasionally causes seizures and the risk might be especially great after neurosurgery. We therefore tested the hypothesis that TXA does not meaningfully increase the risk of postoperative seizures within 7 days after intracranial tumor resections.

The role of cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), showing high infectiousness, resulted in an ongoing pandemic termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 cases often experience acute respiratory distress syndrome, which has caused millions of deaths. Apart from triggering inflammatory and immune responses, many viral infections can cause programmed cell death in infected cells.

Arsenic exposure caused male infertility indicated by testis and sperm metabolic dysfunction in SD rats.

Arsenic containment is one of the most severe environmental problems. It has been reported that arsenic exposure could cause male reproductive damage. However, the evidence chain from sodium arsenite (NaAsO) exposure to adverse male fertility outcomes has not been completed by molecular events.

The effect of tranexamic acid on intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing brain meningioma resections: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been proven to prevent thrombolysis and reduce bleeding and blood transfusion requirements in various surgical settings. However, the optimal dose of TXA that effectively reduce intraoperative bleeding and blood product infusion in patients undergoing neurosurgical resection of meningioma with a diameter ≥ 5 cm remains unclear.

Methods: This is a single-center, randomized, double-blinded, paralleled-group controlled trial.

Ozone exposure associates with sperm quality indicators: Sperm telomere length as a potential mediating factor.

Evidence linking O exposure and human semen quality is limited and conflicting and the mechanism underlying the association remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the associations between ambient O exposure and sperm quality parameters and explored the mediating role of sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and sperm telomere length (STL) among 1068 potential sperm donors who provided 5002 repeated semen samples over approximately 90 days. We found that every 10 μg/m increase in O exposure was associated with a decrease in STL, sperm concentration, total count, total motile sperm number, and semen volume.

Progress of cGAS-STING signaling in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an epidemic respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that can cause infections in millions of individuals, who can develop lung injury, organ failure, and subsequent death. As the first line of host defense, the innate immune system is involved in initiating the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the hyperinflammatory phenotype of COVID-19. However, the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and host innate immunity is not yet well understood.

Cloning and Functional Identification of Gibberellin Receptor SvGID1s Gene of Salix viminalis.

Gibberellins (GAs) play a key role in the transition from vegetative growth to flowering and the GA receptor GID1 (GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1) is the central part of GA-signaling. The differential expression of SvGID1 was found in the transcriptome sequencing in our previous study, which was further verified at different stages of flowering of Salix viminalis. In order to reveal the function GID1 of S.

Entrapment of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in β-conglycinin: From interaction to bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity under thermal treatment.

The thermal-induced interaction between β-conglycinin (7S) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) on the bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity of C3G was investigated. High ratio of 7S to C3G (1:100) led to a more ordered secondary structure of 7S. Thermal treatment promoted the formation of 7S-C3G complexes via hydrophobic and hydrogen bonds but did not induce the formation of 7S-C3G covalent products.

The role of cyclophilins in viral infection and the immune response.

Cyclophilins (Cyps) are a subgroup of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIases) that contain a highly conserved domain of PPIases. Sixteen Cyps have been identified in humans, among which the functions of five classical Cyp subtypes (CypA, B, C, D, and 40) have been studied in more detail. Cyps are widely expressed in almost all human tissues and are involved in several intracellular signaling pathways such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell migration, and apoptosis.

MST4 negatively regulates type I interferons production via targeting MAVS-mediated pathway.

Background: Cytosolic RNA sensing can elicit immune responses against viral pathogens. However, antiviral responses must be tightly regulated to avoid the uncontrolled production of type I interferons (IFN) that might have deleterious effects on the host. Upon bacterial infection, the germinal center kinase MST4 can directly phosphorylate the adaptor TRAF6 to limit the inflammatory responses, thereby avoiding the damage caused by excessive immune activation.

Environmental metal exposure, seminal plasma metabolome and semen quality: Evidence from Chinese reproductive-aged men.

Environmental metal exposure has been associated with decreasing semen quality, but the effects of multiple metal exposure on seminal plasma metabolome remain obscure. In this study, semen and repeated urine samples from 551 volunteers were collected in Wuhan City. Heavy metals and trace elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and seminal plasma metabolomes were acquired using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Identification of core genes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and gastric cancer by bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common type of malignant neoplasm of the digestive system. Diabetes mellitus (DM) or hyperglycemia may increase the incidence or mortality of GC. We aimed to investigate the possible genetic relationship between GC, DM, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to identify core genes that are associated with T2DM and GC.

Efficacy evaluation of Lattice Carbon Dioxide Laser Therapy in the treatment of postmenopausal patients with mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and postoperative complications of lattice carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of postmenopausal patients with mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence.

Methods: A total of 30 postmenopausal female patients with mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence, recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from September to November 2019, were selected as the study subjects and treated with lattice carbon dioxide laser therapy. Treatment was given at intervals of one month.

Cyclophilin A regulates the apoptosis of A549 cells by stabilizing Twist1 protein.

Cyclophilin A (CypA, also known as PPIA) is an essential member of the immunophilin family. As an intracellular target of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA) or a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase), it catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline amidic peptide bonds, through which it regulates a variety of biological processes, such as intracellular signaling, transcription and apoptosis. In this study, we found that intracellular CypA enhanced Twist1 phosphorylation at Ser68 and inhibited apoptosis in A549 cells.

Berberine attenuates atherosclerotic lesions and hepatic steatosis in ApoE mice by down-regulating PCSK9 via ERK1/2 pathway.

Background: It has been demonstrated that berberine (BBR), a kind of alkaloid derived from Chinese herbal medicine, has multiple pharmacological effects on human's diseases including anti-atherosclerosis action. However, although the previous studies showed that the beneficial impact of BBR on atherosclerosis might be associated with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), the exact underlying mechanism are not fully determined. The present study aimed to investigate potential mechanisms of anti-atherosclerosis by BBR using ApoE mice.

SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease antagonizes interferon-beta production by facilitating the degradation of IRF3.

The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 is a great threat to global public health. However, the relationship between the viral pathogen SARS-CoV-2 and host innate immunity has not yet been well studied. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes a viral protease called 3C-like protease.

The Structural Characterization of a Novel Water-Soluble Polysaccharide from Edible Mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus and Its Antitumor Activity on H22 Tumor-Bearing Mice.

In the present study, a novel cold water-soluble polysaccharide fraction (LGP) with the average molecular weight of 1.78×10  Da was extracted and purified from Leucopaxillus giganteus and its primary structure as well as in vivo antitumor activity was evaluated. The monosaccharide composition of LGP was determined by ion chromatography to be galactose, xylose, glucose and fucose in a molar ratio of 2.

Interaction of Soy Protein Isolate Hydrolysates with Cyanidin-3--Glucoside and Its Effect on the In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity of the Complexes under Neutral Condition.

The interaction of soy protein isolate (SPI) and its hydrolysates (SPIHs) with cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G) at pH 7.0 were investigated to clarify the changes in the antioxidant capacity of their complexes. The results of intrinsic fluorescence revealed that C3G binds to SPI/SPIHs mainly through hydrophobic interaction, and the binding affinity of SPI was stronger than that of SPIHs.

Quantitation of furosine, furfurals, and advanced glycation end products in milk treated with pasteurization and sterilization methods applicable in China.

Pasteurization and sterilization, normally carried out in milk, can induce the Maillard reaction, which can produce substances that are harmful to health. Quantitation of initial, intermediate, and advanced Maillard reaction products in milk was conducted for pasteurization (low-temperature long-time [LTLT], high-temperature short-time [HTST]) and sterilization (ultra-high temperature [UHT], in-bottle sterilization [BS]) methods. Total lysine and lactose decreased by 32.

Competitive interactions among tea catechins, proteins, and digestive enzymes modulate in vitro protein digestibility, catechin bioaccessibility, and antioxidant activity of milk tea beverage model systems.

This work aimed to study the effects of the competitive interaction among tea catechins, milk proteins, and digestive enzymes on protein digestibility, catechin bioaccessibility, and antioxidant activity by simulating in vitro digestion. The inhibitory effect of catechins on digestive enzymes was positively correlated with the binding affinity of catechins to digestive enzymes. The interaction between tea catechins and milk proteins or digestive enzymes resulted in the reduction of protein digestibility.

Isolation of a novel calcium-binding peptide from phosvitin hydrolysates and the study of its calcium chelation mechanism.

A new peptide with strong calcium binding capacity was isolated from phosvitin hydrolysates. Taking calcium chelating rate as an indicator, phosvitin hydrolysates were separated gradually by anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. A peptide with a molecular weight of 1106.

Diallyl disulfide improves lipid metabolism by inhibiting PCSK9 expression and increasing LDL uptake via PI3K/Akt-SREBP2 pathway in HepG2 cells.

Background And Aim: Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a volatile sulfide extracted from garlic, has been suggested as a chemical of anti-atherosclerotic drugs, while its molecular mechanism for this benefit has not fully been understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DADS on lipid metabolism and its potential mechanisms in HepG2 cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

Methods And Results: HepG2 cells were treated with LPS with or without different concentrations of DADS (0, 20, 40, 80, 160 μg/ml) for 24 h.

Cyclophilin A inhibits A549 cell oxidative stress and apoptosis by modulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

The excessive and inappropriate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative stress and is implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Cyclophilin A (CypA), a member of the immunophilin family, is secreted in response to ROS. To determine the role of CypA in oxidative stress injury, we investigated the role that CypA plays in human lung carcinoma (A549) cells.

Muscle-Specific Deletion of Toll-like Receptor 4 Impairs Metabolic Adaptation to Wheel Running in Mice.

Purpose: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an inflammatory receptor expressed ubiquitously in immune cells as well as skeletal muscle and other metabolic tissues. Skeletal muscle develops favorable inflammation-mediated metabolic adaptations from exercise training. Multiple inflammatory myokines, downstream from TLR4, are proposed links to the metabolic benefits of exercise.